Kuri uyu wa mbere tariki ya 30 Kamena 2014 Urugereko rw’ubujurire rw’urukiko rw’Arusha rwongeye kwemeza igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 30 kuri Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu wari umugaba mukuru w’ingabo z’u Rwanda mu 1994, wari wakatiwe n’ubundi iki gifungo cy’imyaka 30 muri Gicurasi 2011 ariko akajurira.
Ubushinjacyaha nabwo icyo gihe bwari bwajuriye buvuga ko yahawe igihano gito. Mu bujurire, Gen Bizimungu yavuze ko ngo yasabye ingabo kwitwara neza no kugira disiplini no kubahiriza uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu.
Gen Bizimungu, yafatiwe muri Angola mu mwaka wa 2002, ahita yoherezwa gufungirwa Arusha.
Gen Augustin Bizimungu yavutse mu 1953 avukira ahitwa Nyange mu cyahoze ari komini Mukarange muri Byumba. Arangije amashuri yisumbuye ku Musanze yinjiye mu ishuri rikuru rya gisirikare ry’i Kigali mu 1972 ari muri promotion ya 13 y’iryo shuri. Yarisohotsemo ari Sous-Lieutenant mu 1974. Nyuma yo gukora amahugurwa mu bya gikomando i Marche-les-Dames mu Bubiligi yamaze imyaka myinshi yigisha imyitozo ya gikomando muri Centre d’Entraînement Commando yo mu Bigogwe. Afite ipeti rya Capitaine yoherejwe kwiga muri Institut Royal Supérieur de Défense i Buruseli mu Bubiligi aho yarangije mu 1984 akahava ari Brevété d’Etat-Major (BEM). Yahise yoherezwa kuba S3 (Ushinzwe imirwano, imyitozo..) muri Bataillon Para-Commando i Kanombe icyo gihe yategekwaga na Nyakwigendera Colonel Stanslas Mayuya. Nyuma yaho yohejwe gutegeka CI Bugesera i Gako. Mu 1987 yimuriwe mu kigo cya Mukamira ajya gutegeka Bataillon Commando Ruhengeri. Intambara ya 1990 yamusanze muri iyo mirimo, ndetse ayoboye abakomando ba Bn Cdo Ruhengeri barwanye urugamba rwo mu Mutara banagira uruhare rukomeye mu guhumbahumba ingabo za FPR zari zasigaye mu ishyamba ry’Akagera nyuma yo gutsindwa urugamba rwo mu Kwakira 1990. Guhera mu ntangiriro za 1991 yagizwe umukuru w’ingabo mu karere ka Ruhengeri aho yitwaye neza ku rugamba cyane cyane muri Gashyantare 1993 aho ingabo yari ayoboye zirimo Bataillon ya mbere Muvumba yari iyobowe na Major BEM Emmanuel Neretse, Bataillon Commando Huye ya Major Ir Faustin Ntilikina na za 105 mm howitzer za BAC zahaye isomo ridasubirwaho Charlie Mobile ya Cyiza na 157 Mobile ya Fred Ibingira mu mujyi wa Ruhengeri cyane cyane ku musozi wa Nyamagumba.
Mu 1994 nyuma y’urupfu rwa Perezida Habyalimana na Gen Major BEM Déogratias Nsabimana, umwanya w’umugaba w’ingabo z’u Rwanda wahawe Gen Marcel Gatsinzi utarashoboye kugira icyo akora uretse wenda guha ingabo z’u Rwanda amategeko yo kuva mu mujyi wa Kigali. Uko guhuzagurika kwatumye ingabo za FPR zigarurira uduce twinshi ndetse ni nabwo ubwicanyi bwiswe Genocide bwakajije umurego. Bishoboke ko kuba Gen Gatsinzi ataragoye FPR n’ingabo zayo ndetse akajya gukorana nayo byatumye atabazwa uburangare yagize bwatumye habaho akaduruvayo mu gihugu ku buryo ibyinshi mu bishinjwa abayobozi b’ingabo z’u Rwanda byabaye ari Gen Gatsinzi uziyoboye. Mu gihe abarwanyije FPR basiragizwa mu nkiko bashinjwa ngo kutagira icyo bakora ngo bahagarike ubwicanyi cyangwa ngo bahane bamwe mu basirikare bayoboraga bishe abasiviri, Gen Gatsinzi we yagororewe na FPR ndetse n’amahanga amuha ubudahangarwa! Dore ko n’abayobozi b’urukiko rw’Arusha bavuze kenshi ko gufunga abahoze mu ngabo z’u Rwanda byazanye umutekano mu karere, bishatse kuvuga ko icyari kigenderwe kitari ubutabera ahubwo ari ugufasha ubutegetsi bwa FPR gushinga imizi!
Ahagana mu matariki 16 Mata 1994, nyuma y’aho FPR igaragaje ko ishaka gukomeza imirwano no gufata ubutegetsi ku ngufu nibwo Gen Bizimungu yagizwe umugaba mukuru w’ingabo z’u Rwanda nabibutsa ko ari muri aya matariki abayobozi ba FPR barimo Claude Dusayidi, Gerard Gahima, Charles Murigande birukaga amahanga bemeza ko Genocide yarangiye abatutsi bose barangije gupfa ko FPR idashobora guhagarika imirwano idafashe ubutegetsi ko nta ngabo z’amahanga zo gutabara zikenewe! Ibi bikaba bisa no kwivuguruza mu gihe FPR yemeza ko ngo yahagaritse Genocide ku rundi ruhande FPR yivugiraga ko Genocide yarangiye abatutsi bashize guhera mu matariki 20 Mata 1994!
Ibyemezo Gen Bizimungu yafashe mu rwego rwa gisirikare bya mbere akimara guhabwa kuyobora ngabo z’u Rwanda byabaye kubohora OPS Byumba yari iyobowe na ba Nyakwigendera Lt Col BEM Juvénal Bahufite na Lt Col BEM Edouard Gasarabwe yari igoswe n’ingabo za FPR. Nyuma y’aho OPS Byumba iviriye mu mujyi wa Byuma n’uduce tuhegereye ingabo zayo zifatanije na OPS Rulindo ya nyakwigendera Lt Col BEM Antoine Sebahire n’ubwo zitashoboye kugumana imisozi ya Jali zasize zihinduye ibirere Bravo Mobile y’ingabo za FPR.
Akaduruvayo mu gihugu n’ibura ry’amasasu ku ngabo z’u Rwanda kubera kubuzwa kugura intwaro ndetse n’igitutu cy’ibihugu byari bishyigikiye FPR byatumye Gen Bizimungu adashobora kurwana ku gihugu uko yabyifuzaga mu gihe FPR yo yabonaga intwaro n’abasirikare bivuye mu bihugu biyishyigikiye.
Gen Bizimungu yakoze uko ashoboye n’imbaraga nke zari zihari afatanije na bagenzi be bashoboye gukora igikorwa cyiswe Opération Champagne cyashoboye gusohora abantu berenga miliyoni mu mujyi wa Kigali ku ya 4 Nyakanga 1994, ubu hakaba hari abanyarwanda benshi bagihumeka kubera iki gikorwa.
N’ubwo bwose bamwe mu bayobozi b’ingabo z’u Rwanda bigirijweho nkana n’urukiko rwa Arusha, urwo rukiko ntabwo rwigeze rushobora kugaragaza bidasubirwaho ko Genocide yateguwe n’ubuyobozi bukuru bw’ingabo z’u Rwanda, abayobozi b’ingabo bahanwe n’urwo rukiko bakaba bashinjwa gusa ngo kudakoresha imbaraga bari bafite ngo bahagarike ubwicanyi cyangwa ngo bahane abasikare bayoboraga. Muri ibyo byose ariko urukiko rwa Arusha nta muntu n’umwe wo muri FPR rwigeze rufata ngo rumucire urubanza kandi byari mu nshingano zarwo n’abagerageje gukurikirana abasirikare ba FPR bagiye bahindurirwa imirimo!
Iyo umuntu asesengiye ikatirwa rya Gen Bizimungu imyaka 30, usanga hari impamvu nyinshi zatumye abacamanza bafata icyo cyemezo kandi iyo urebye izo mpamvu usanga ntaho zihuriye n’ibyaha ashinjwa, navuga zimwe muri izo mpamvu:
-Kuba amahanga yafashije FPR gufata ubutegetsi ashaka guhisha uruhare rwayo ndetse n’urwa FPR agashaka kugereka ibyabaye byose ku ruhande rwatsinzwe
-Gushaka abantu bagomba guhanwa byanze bikunze kugira ngo urukiko rwerekane ko rwakoze akazi karwo
-Kwihorera kw’ibihugu by’ibihangange ku bayobozi b’ingabo z’u Rwanda kuba barabisuzuguye bakanga korohera FPR ngo ifate ubutegetsi ku buryo bworoshye nk’uko babisabwaga.
-Abantu bamwe na bamwe bashakira amaramuko mu guhimba inkuru ziryohera abazungu batitaye ku ngaruka izo nkuru zishobora kugira ku buzima bw’abandi n’imiryango yabo. Natanga urugero rwa Bwana Paul Rusesabagina wakoresheje izina rya Gen Bizimungu mu gitabo cye ndetse na Film yiswe Hotel Rwanda mu gushaka ngo kuryoshya film (ngo ya fiction!) hakaba harabayeho kwangiza isura no gusiga icyasha Gen Bizimungu ku buryo budasubirwaho ku buryo ntawashidikanya ko icyo gikorwa n’amarangamutima yagikurikiye byagize uburemere ku mikirize y’urubanza rwa Gen Bizimungu.
Niba Bwana Paul Rusesabagina yifuza kuzagira icyo ageraho muri politiki nyarwanda yagombye kugira ubutwari bwo gusaba imbabazi Gen Bizimungu n’umuryango we ndetse akavuguruza ku mugaragaro bimwe mu bikubiye muri Film Hotel Rwanda binyuranyije n’ukuri.
Mu gusoza iyi nyandiko navuga ko ibikorwa byo guhuza abanyarwanda ngo biyunge bikorwa ubu bimeze nko kugosorera mu rucaca mu gihe hari bamwe bumva ko bo batarebwa n’ubutabera hakaba abandi baremewe kwikorezwa imitwaro yose bo bigaramiye ndetse ntibinabatere isoni zo kwigamba ikibabaje n’uko abo bantu batari muri FPR i Kigali gusa ahubwo bari no mu biyita ko bari muri opozisiyo.
Marc Matabaro
The Rwandan
