Amashirakinyoma ku rupfu rwa Lt Gen Sylvestre Mudacumura.

Yanditswe na Ben Barugahare

Mu mpera z’icyumweru gishize, mu binyamakuru byinshi byo mu Rwanda ndetse na mpuzamahanga havuzwemo urupfu rwa Lt Gen Sylvestre Mudacumura wari umukuru w’ingabo za FDLR-FOCA (Forces démocratiques de libération du Rwanda). Ingabo za Leta ya Congo (FARDC) zahise zigamba ko ari zo zamuhitanye. The Rwandan nyuma yo gukora icukumbura ryimbitse ikavugana n’abantu batandukanye barimo n’ababihagazeho yashoboye kumenya uko igikorwa cyo kwivugana Lt Gen Mudacumura cyagenze.

Ubufatanye bwa RDF na FARDC

Mu mezi ashize cyane cyane muri Kamena na Nyakanga 2019, abayobozi ba gisivile na gisirikare ba Congo bagiranye inama nyinshi na bagenzi babo b’u Rwanda baganira ku bijyanye n’umutekano mu karere. Muri izo nama abo bayobozi b’ibihugu byombi bemeranyije ko u Rwanda ruzohereza muri Congo ingabo kabuhariwe (Forces spéciales) zizajya zikora ibikorwa bya gisirikare mu ibanga byo kwibasira imitwe ya gisirikare y’abanyarwanda iri mu gihugu cya Congo. Ayo masezerano yavugaga ko ibikorwa byose bizajya bitegurwa, bikayoborwa ndetse bigakorwa n’abasirikare b’u Rwanda bambaye imyenda y’igisirikare cya Congo (FARDC). Abasirikare bakuru b’u Rwanda bahisemo bamwe mu basirikare ba Congo bashobora gufatanya muri ibi bikorwa ariko abayobozi bakuru b’igisirikare cya Congo nta makuru bagomba guhabwa bagomba kumenyeshwa gusa ibikorwa bya gisikare byarangije kuba kugira ngo bigambe bivuge ibigwi cyangwa bahakane ibitagenze neza nk’uko bagenzi babo bo mu Rwanda babyifuza.

Gutegura igikorwa nyirizina

Muri Nyakanga 2019, ingabo za RDF zatangiye kohereza ku bwinshi abasirikare muri Congo cyane cyane mu karere Rutshuru bambaye imyenda y’ingabo za Congo (FARDC). Zimwe muri izo ngabo zegereye cyane ibirindiro by’ingabo za FDLR ndetse mu duce tumwe na tumwe nko mu birometero biri munsi ya 3. Muri uko kwegera izo ngabo zirinze gushotora iza FDLR ahubwo zikora ibikorwa byo kuzitata no gukurikiranira hafi ibikorwa byazo n’imibereho yazo ya buri munsi. Hari n’amakuru avuga ko izo ngabo za RDF zitabaje ikoranabuhanga ririmo n’utudege duto tuguruka nta baderevu (drones) muri ibyo bikorwa byo gutata.

Muri Kanama 2019, umwe mu barindaga Lt Gen Mudacumura yatawe muri yombi n’abasirikare b’u Rwanda bari bambaye imyenda y’igisirikare cya Congo. Bivugwa ko nyuma yo kwicwa urubozo yatanze amakuru y’uburyo ubwirinzi bwa FDLR bumeze mu duce igenzura n’imikorere muri rusange ijyanye no gucunga umutekano w’abayobozi bakuru ba FDLR. Aya makuru yagiye asanga andi yagiye atangwa n’abandi mu gihe bitandukanye yaba ari ayatanzwe n’abatahaga ku bushake cyangwa abajyanywe ku ngufu.

Uko igikorwa cyagenze

Ku cyumweru tariki ya 15 Nzeli 2019, abayobozi bakuru ba gisirikare na gisivile ba FDLR bakoze inama yarimo abayobozi bakuru hafi ya bose ari abasirikare bakuru, abakuru b’imitwe y’ingabo ndetse n’abayobozi ba gisivile. Iyo nama yabereye ahitwa Makomerehe, muri zone ya Bukoma, muri Territoire ya Rutshuru, muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru.

Iyo nama yarangiye mu mugoroba wo ku wa kabiri Tariki ya 17 Nzeli 2019. uwari ushinzwe ubwanditsi bw’inama witwa Sixbert Soso utari umusirikare, akaba yari ashinzwe ibikorwa by’ubunyamabanga mu biro by’umukuru wa FDLR, Gen Victor Byiringiro, na Major Gaspard, wari umwe mu bafasha ba Lt Gen Syslvestre Mudacumura batangiye gutegura neza inyandiko mvugo n’imyanzuro y’inama.

Abasirikare badasanzwe b’u Rwanda (Special Forces), bari kumwe n’abandi bake ba Congo (FARDC) bagabye ibitero mu ijoro ryo ku wa kabiri Tariki ya 17 rishyira ku wa gatatu tariki ya 18 Nzeli 2019. Izo ngabo zinjiye muri Congo ziva i Gisenyi ku wa mbere Tariki ya 16 Nzeli 2019 zicengera zihisha ingabo za FDLR. Ingabo zindi za RDF zambaye imyenda ya Congo zari zisanzwe zitumbereye ibirindiro bya FDLR zakomeje kwigaragaza bisanzwe ariko mu by’ukuri ari ukurangaza ingabo za FDLR kugirango ingabo zidasanzwe za RDF zaciye ruhinganyuma zishobore kwinjira nta nkomyi mu birindiro birimo abayobozi ba FDLR.

Icyari kigenderewe muri iki gitero ni ugufata mpiri Lt Gen Sylvestre Mudacumura ari muzima akajyanwa i Goma aho ingabo za Congo zari kwivuga imyato nyuma zikamuha Leta y’u Rwanda.

Ingabo zidasanzwe za RDF (Special Forces) ziherekejwe n’iza Congo nkeya zashoboye kwinjira ahari ubuyobozi bukuru bw’ingabo za FDLR-FOCA ndetse zigera n’aho Lt Gen Mudacumura yararaga aho zaguye gitumo Sixbert Soso (umusivile wari umunyamabanga mu Ubuyobozi bra FDLR) na Major Gaspard (wari umwe mu bafasha ba Lt Gen Mudacumura) barimo batunyanya inyandiko-mvugo n’imyanzuro y’inama na Lt Gen Mudacumura akaba yari aho aruhuka. Izo ngabo zashoboye kwica Sixbert Soso ako kanya zikomeretsa Major Gaspard, zishobora no gufata Lt Gen Mudacumura. Abasirikare babiri ba RDF yafashe Lt Gen Mudacumura mu gihe abandi bari babakingiye babari inyuma bagerageza kumusohora ahari ubuyobozi bw’ingabo za FDLR ngo bamutware.

Ingabo zidasanzwe za FDLR/FOCA zizwi ku izina rya CRAP (Commandos de Renseignement et d’Action dans la Profondeur/Reconnaissance and Deep Action Commandos) bari bamenye ko batewe ndetse n’ingabo zidasanzwe za RDF zacengeye bari zitangira kuzigabaho ibitero rurambikana. Haguye abasirikare ba RDF benshi ku buryo byagaragaraga ko mu gutegura icyo gikorwa abayobozi ba RDF batari bitaye ku buzima bw’abasirikare babo. Kuri bo umubare mwinshi w’abasirikare babo bapfuye nta gaciro bari bafite imbere y’ibyubahiro bakura mu kugeza Lt Gen Mudacumura nk’umunyago i Goma ari muzima. Ingabo za FDLR/FOCA zo mutwe wa CRAP zashoboye kwica umusirikare mukuru wa Congo wari kumwe n’ingabo zidasanzwe za RDF.

Ingabo zidasanzwe za RDF zageze aho zibona ko zidashobora gutwara Lt Gen Mudacumura ari muzima n’uko bamurasa mu mutima bahereye inyuma mu mugongo noneho bagerageza kwikorera umurambo we, ibi nabyo byaje kubagora kuko ingabo za FDLR zo mu mutwe wa CRAP zari zimaze kwica benshi mu bateye bashoboraga mu gufasha mu kwikorera umurambo wa Lt Gen Mudacumura.

Icyakurikiyeho byabaye noneho kureba ukuntu izo ngabo zidasanzwe z’u Rwanda zashobora kwikura muri ako kaga zari zishyizemo. Zajugunye hasi umurambo wa Lt Gen Mudacumura, zifata amafoto zitangira kureba uburyo zakizwa n’amaguru. Ku munsi wakurikiyeho mu gitondo ingabo zidasanzwe za RDF ziherekejwe n’ingabo nyinshi za Congo n’ibikoresho biremereye zagarutse gutwara imirambo y’abasirikare bazo baguye mu mirwano bapakirwa mu makamyo yari yasigaye kure gato abarwanyi RDF bajyanwa mu Rwanda naho Abu FARDC bajyanwa i Goma.

Igikorwa cy’ingabo zidasanzwe z’u Rwanda ntabwo cyagenze neza uko bari bagiteguye kuko ingabo zidasanzwe za FDLR/FOCA zizwi nka CRAP zashoboye gusubiza byihuse ariko FDLR/FOCA yatakaje umugaba wayo wari icyitegererezo kuri benshi mu bagize uwo mutwe.

Umurambo wa Lt Gen Mudacumura washyinguwe n’ingabo ze.

Buri ruhande ruravuga ko rwatahanye intsinzi, Leta ya Kigali n’igisirikare cya Congo baravuga ko bishe abasirikare benshi ba FDLR/FOCA barimo n’abayobozi bakuru mu gihe ku ruhande rwa FDLR /FOCA ho bavuga ko batakaje abakuru babiri gusa: Lt Gen Mudacumura na Sixbert Soso, Major Gaspard acaba yarakomeretse gusa.

Amakuru The Rwandan yashoboye kubona ni uko Lt Gen Mudacumura yashyinguwe mu ibanga rikomeye na bamwe mu ngabo ze birinda ko umurambo we watabururwa ugashinyagurirwa.

Lt Gen Mudacumura yari muntu ki?

Lt Gen Sylvestre Mudacumura yavukiye i Gatumba muri Komini Kibirira mu 1954. Yize amashuri abanza i Gatumba, amashuri yisumbuye yayarangije muri Collège des Humanités Modernes de Nyanza ( section scientifique). Yinjiriye mu ishuri rikuru rya gisirikare ESM mu 1975 muri Promotion ya 16 arisohokamo mu 1978 ari Sous-Lieutenant. Yize i Hamburg mu ishuri ry’intambara ryo mu Budage (Führungsakademie der Bundeswehr (FüAkBw) aho yavuye ari Ingérieur de Guerre.

Yakoze imirimo itandukanye mu ngabo z’u Rwanda:

-Yabaye mu ngabo zishinzwe kurinda Perezida Habyalimana, aba umucungira ubuzima bya hafi nyuma yabaye ushinzwe ibikorwa bya gisirikare mu mutwe w’abarindaga Perezida Habyalimana icyo gihe (Bataillon Garde Présidentielle).

-Yabaye umwarimu mu ishuri rikuru rya gisirikare ESM.

-Yategetse Bataillon de Reconnaissance (Bn Recce) muri 1990 nyuma y’urupfu rwa Lt Col BEMS Ildephonse Rwendeye wayitegekaga.

— Yabaye umwe mu ntumwa zo ku ruhande rwa Leta y’u Rwanda mu mishyikirano ya Arusha igihe higwaga ibyo kuvanga ingabo (protocole sur l’integration des deux armées). Amasezerano amaze gushyirwaho umukono ku wa 3 Kanama 1993 habaye ivugurura mu ngabo z’igihugu (FAR) nibwo yasimbuye Major Alexis Rwabukwisi ku buyobozi bwa Bataillon ya 31 yari i Byumba, Major Rwabukwisi we yoherezwa kwiga i Bruxelles muli IRSD (kuzaba BEM), kuko icyo gihe abigaga mu mahanga bongeye koherezwayo hizewe ko intambara yarangiye…)

-Mu 1994 yarwanye muri Byumba, i Jali, muri Kigali, mu Bugesera, ku Mayaga, Gitarama na Butare kugeza yambukanye n’abandi basirikare ba FAR muri Zaïre.

Ari mu basirikare ba FAR bashoboye gukingira impunzi mu Nzira Ndende nawe yamugejeje i Bangui muri Centrafrique aho yavuye mu 1999 asanze abandi ba FAR bari bitabiriye impuruza ya Perezida Laurent Désiré Kabila. Bamwe mu basirikare yari ayoboye bashoboye gutabara Joseph Kabila wari umugaba w’ingabo za Congo icyo gihe ubwo yari afatiwe n’ingabo za RDF hafi y’ahitwa Poweto.

Mu gihe amasezerano ya Sun City yashyirwagaho umukono we na benshi mu barwaniraga Kabila bashyizwe mu kigo cya Kamina muri Katanga aho we na bamwe muri bagenzi be bashoboye kuva bajya mu bice rya Kivu. Mu 2003 yasimuye Gen Paul Rwarakabije wari umaze gusubira mu Rwanda ku Ubuyobozi bw’ingabo za FDLR/FOCA kugeza ubwo yitabye Imana.

Lt Gen Mudacumura ni umwe mu banyarwanda bashoboye kuba indashyikirwa mu bikorwa byinshi by’ingororamubiri n’imikino itandukanye yaba ari isanzwe cyangwa imikino njyarugamba.