Hari benshi bavuga ko kugira ngo ubwicanyi bwakorewe abahutu buhabwe inyito ya genocide bisaba ko ONU cyangwa urukiko mpuzamahanga rubyemeza. Ibi babivuga bitwajeko ngo ari ko rapport mapping yabivuze.
Ibyo ntago ari ukuri:
- Muri Rapport du Projet Mapping ya Congo, ikipe yayikoze yavuze ko ziriya crimes zifite ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ko genocide yakozwe (paragraphe 515). Kuvuga ko “urukiko ruramutse rukoze imanza rwabyemeza” ni ukubera ko iriya kipe yari ifite inshingano 3 harimo iyo kwerekana uduce tw’igihugu ubwicanyi bwabereye mo gusa (mapping exercise). Iriya kipe ntago yari ifite inshingano yo gukora iperereza kuri ibyo byaha (criminal investigation mandate). Ntago rero bigeze bavuga ko conditions zo kwemezwa ko buriya bwicanyi ari genocide ari urukiko rugomba kubikora.
- Mu mateka ya za genocides kw’isi nta ngero za genocides zemejwe burundu binyuze mu rukiko mpuzamahanga. Hari n’ubwicanyi bwahawe inyito ya genocide ariko kugeza ubu ONU itari yabishyiraho umukono. Urugero ni genocide yakorewe abarmeniens (Armenian Genocide). Ndetse na nyuma y’uko ONU yakiriye icyegeranyo cy’impugucye zayo cyiswe “Whitaker Report” muri 1985, nta cyemezo cya ONU kirakurikiraho kigeza ubu.
- Ntaho izo conditions zanditse muri Convention internationale pour la prévention et la répression du crime de génocide.
Ingingo ya 2 y’iyo convention ya génocide isobanura ko genocide ari kimwe mu bikorwa bikurikira cyakozwe kigamije kurimbura abantu bose bahuriye ku bwenegihugu, ku isanomuzi, ku bwoko cyangwa ku idini, cyangwa igice cyabo, bazira icyo bari cyo:
a) Kwica abo bantu;
b) Kubateza ubumuga bwaba ubw’umubiri, cyangwa ubwo mu mutwe;
c) Gushyira abo bantu wabigambiriye mu nzitane z’ubuzima zigomba gutuma bose cyangwa igice cyabo barimbuka;
d) Gushyiraho ingamba zigamije kubangamira iyororoka ryabo;
e) Kubanyaga urubyaro rwabo uruha abandi.
Kuvuga ko nta genocide yakorewe abahutu yabayeho kuko itaremerwa na ONU, hari uwavuze ko bisa nko kuvugako umwana atavutse kuko adafite icyemezo cy’amavuko. Iyo umwana avutse ababyeyi n’umuryango we bamuha izina kuko ivuka rye baribonye. Icyemezo cy’amavuko kiza nyuma iyo batanze izina rye imbere y’ubutegetsi. Ni ukuvuga ngo abahutu ubwabo baza ku isonga mu kumenyekanisha genocide yabakoreweho no gusaba ubucamanza.
Imiryango y’abahutu, impugucye n’abashakashatsi bararebye basanga ubwicanyi bwakorewe abahutu bwujuje ibimenyetso by’inyito ya genocide. Icyemezo cya ONU kizaza nyuma ariko ntibibujije ko ari genocide yakozwe kuko Genocide ni ibyo twakwita historical fact cyangwa fait historique. Mu bacitse ku icumu rya genocide yakorewe abahutu harimo abize amategeko mpuzamahanga, amategeko arebana n’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu, amateka na sciences politiques. Turasaba ko muri abo hagira abahagurukira iki kibazo bakazaduha ibisobanuro bigaragara bigakuraho izo mpaka z’uburyo ubutabera bwazagerwaho.
Adolphe Ntwali
