Hacuzwe ikinyarwanda kidasanzwe !

Faustin Kabanza

(amabwiriza ya minisitiri No 001/2014 du 08/10/2014)

Isesengura nakoze mu nyandiko nise mu rurimi rw’igifaransa “De la normalisation à l’anormalisation de la langue rwandaise”, abasomyi benshi bansabye ko nayishyira mu kinyarwanda kugira ngo yumvwe na benshi.

Mu magambo avunaguye, nagiraga nti abanyarwanda bamaganye muri rusange ivugururwa ry’ikinyarwanda riherutse, kandi koko bifite ishingiro, kuko rifata ururimi rwariho rikaruhindura ukundi; Hari amagambo yari asanzwe akoreshwa yavanyweho cyagwa se ahindura inyito ku buryo butumvikana. Hari kandi n’uburyo bw’imyandikire bwahindutse bidakurikije imiterere bwite y’ururimi.

Mu bisanzwe, ivugururwa ry’ururimi nakwita hano “normalisation” riba rigamije gusakaza ururimi ruhurirwaho na benshi. Ntabwo itsinda ry’abagize ivugurura rifite inshingano zo guhimba ururimi rushya ngo abe ari rwo bashaka gusakaza. Nta mpamvu kandi yatuma bahimba ijambo (néologisme) mu gihe hari irindi risanzwe rikoreshwa kandi nta wigeze agaragaza ko iryo jambo riteye ikibazo.

Ikosa rero ririya vugurura ryakoze ni ugushaka guhimbira abanyarwanda ururimi rudasanzwe kandi bo batagaragaje icyo cyifuzo, batagaragaje ko ururimi rusanzwe rwabateye ibibazo. Ngicyo ikitaranyuze abanyarwanda muri rusange.

Zimwe mu ngero:

– Ijambo “injyana” rimenyerewe cyane ryavanyweho nta mpamvu, risimburwa n’irindi ari ryo “urujyano”. Nta mpamvu n’imwe yabisobanura kuko iiryo jambo ryinjiye mu kinyarwanda nk’uko tubibona mu ngero zikurukira: “injyana nyarwanda”, “ibyo uvuga nta njyana bifite”, etc.Ni kuki rwose bahimbye icyo kijambo “urujyano” gisa n’aho kigoreka ikinyarwanda?

– Ibihekane bimwe na bimwe babihinduye akajagari ku buryo budasobanutse neza. Ibyo ni nka nts, cy, njy, jy, n’ibindi.
-Nko mu ijambo “icyi” (risobanura igihe cy’izuba cyo mu kwa karindwi n’ukwa munani)bagize bati kuva ubu hajye handikwa “iki”. None se iryo jambo kuki ryahinduka kandi rigaragaza ko ritandukanye n’icyo kinyazina cyerekana? Ese rizajya risomwa rite?

-Ijambo “icyibo” bati na ryo niryandikwe “ikibo” nyamara amagambo yandikwamo icyo gihekane “cy+i” ni ya yandi ahinduka “by” mu bwinshi. Izindi ngero ni nk’izi: icyicaro, icyuhahiro kuko bavuga ibyicaro, ibyubahiro.

-ijambo “intsinzi”bati na ryo niryandikwe “insinzi”, aya magambo yombi ntaturuka ku nshinga zimwe. Irya mbere riva ku gutsinda (ku-tsind-a), irya kabiri rikava ku gusinda (ku-sind-a). Ni mpamvu ki ryata imyandikire isobanuka rigafata imyandikire idasobanutse, kandi ntaho abanyarwanda bigeze berekana ko kwandika “intsinzi” biteye ingorane .

-ijambo “amajyepfo” na ryo bati niryandikwe “amagepfo”. Nyamara kandi riva ku nshinga “kujya”rigafatana n’umugereka “epfo”. Ntabwo riva ku nshinga “kuga” itanabaho mu rurimi rw’ikinyarwanda. Ese ahubwo iryo jambo rishya ryasomwa rite?

Mu kwanzura rero, n’ubwo umurimo wakozwe ntawawutera utwatsi uko wakabaye wose, ariko uragagaza muri rusange imihindukire idafite igisobanuro mu bijyanye n’iyigandimi. Umuntu akaba yakwibaza niba warakozwe koko n’abantu babihugukiwe cyane

Mu bijyanye n’ururimi, nta muntu upfa guhindura byo guhindura gusa. Ivugurura riba igihe koko ari ngombwa kandi byagaragajwe n’abavuga urwo rurimi muri rusange. Ibyo bigatuma hitabazwa abantu b’ingeri nyinshi zirimo cyane cyane abazobereye muri uwo murimo. Ivugururwa ntirikorwa n’abantu bafite imyaka myinshi gusa, ahubwo hitabazwa cyane cyane ababifitemo ubumenyi n’ubushobozi koko.

Nsoza iriya nyandiko mvuga ko ikinyarwanda ari ururimi abanyarwanda batsimbarayeho cyane kandi bifite ishingiro kuko ari ubukungu butagereranywa. Burya koko ufite ikirezi ntamenya ko cyera aka wa mugani. Ururimi rwacu rukwiye rero kwitabwaho no gushyigashyirwa n’inzego zikomeye zitari iza minisiteri ya siporo (gusa).

Faustin Kabanza