Mu gihe mu Ntara ya Kivu y’amajyaruguru intambara ikataje hagati y’umutwe wa M23/ARC n’ingabo z’igihugu cya Congo (FARDC), nagiye nkunda kumva ibiganiro hirya no hino kuma radio bigaragaza ko abatuye Congo bavuga ikinyarwanda bagiye bahohoterwa kuva kera muri Congo. Ibyo biganiro kandi bigenda byerekana ko iriya ntambara ifite ishingiro kuko ari abanyekongo bagiye bahohoterwa kuva kera bifuza kandi baharanira uburenganzira bwabo!
Muri iyi nyandiko igaragaza uko mbyumva, nk’umwe mubabaye imyaka myinshi muri kariya gace, ntabwo ndibukunde gukoresha inyito abanyekongo bavuga ikinyarwanda ahubwo ndakoresha abatuye Congo bavuga ikinyarwanda; impamvu n’uko bingoye cyane, bitewe n’ibyo bagaragaza, kumenya niba bo ubwabo biyumva nk’abanyekongo cyangwa niba biyumva nk’abanyarwanda (ndaza kubigarukaho) gusa nasanze k’ubwanjye kubita abatuye Congo bavuga ikinyarwanda ariyo nyito nziza nkeka ko bari bwibonemo bose: baba abahatuye biyumva nk’abanyarwanda cyangwa abahatuye biyumva nk’abanyekongo.
Mu by’ukuri nabuze umuntu unsobanurira neza icyo imvugo ngo: abavuga ikinyarwanda bo muri Congo bagiye bavutswa uburenganzira bwabo; cyangwa ngo bagiye bahohoterwa; cyangwa ibibazo bya Congo ni ibya cyera cyane, icyo abantu baba bashaka kuvuga. Kuko k’ubwanjye nta kibazo nzi cyangwa numvise gikomeye kandi cyihariye abatuye Congo bavuga ikinyarwanda bahuye nacyo by’umwihariko kuva cyera ku buryo baba aricyo baharanira ubu.
N’ubwo navuze ngo ntakibazo nzi cyihariye ntabwo niyibagije ko mu wa 1964-1965, Pierre Mulele afatanije na Gaston Soumialot na Christophe Gbenye, n’abancuro bayobowe na Jean Schramm, n’Ingabo za Congo mu ntambara bagiye bica inka z’abanyamulenge bakazirya ari nabyo byatumye Mobutu Sese Seko wayoboraga Congo icyo gihe aha abanyamulenge bose imbunda zo kwirwanaho. Muri uwo mwaka kandi nibwo urwango rw’ubwoko rw’ababembe n’abanyamulenge rwatangiye kuko bivugwa ko Pierre Mulele abifashijwemo n’ubwoko bw’ababembe aribo bibasiye cyane inka z’abanyamulenge, aba nabo bakica ababembe bakoresheje intwaro bari bamaze guhabwa navuze haruguru. Iki se twavuga ko cyabaye ikibazo abavuga ikinyarwanda bo mu bwoko bw’abanyamulenge bagize kandi bizwi ko Mobutu Sese Seko amaze gutsinda izi nyeshyamba yahise agororera abanyamulenge guhabwa imyanya myiza y’akazi mu mugi wa Bukavu? Icyo gihe nibwo abanyamulenge benshi bavuye mumisozi bakajya i Moba n’i Kalemi, abandi mukibaya cya Ruzizi (Lemera, Sange, Ruvungi, etc…) ndetse bamwe bahita baba abashefu bayobora abo bari bahasanze.
Mu mwaka wa 1971 perezida yasohoye itegeko ngenga ryemeza ko abavuga ururimi rw’ikinyarwanda bari muri Congo kugeza 1963 ko bose babaye abanyekongo. Iki cyemezo ntabwo cyigeze cyakirwa neza n’abanyekongo batavuga ikinyarwanda batuye muri Kivu zombi kuko babibonagamo uburyo buzatuma abanyamulenge bigarurira ubuyobozi bwose bw’inzego z’ibanze cyane ko babonaga Mobutu Sese Seko yari amaze gushyira Barthélémy Bisengimana Rwema mubuyobozi bukuru bw’igihugu. Nyuma y’imyaka 10 n’ukuvuga muwa 1981 kubera ubwiganze mu Nteko Nshingamategeko bw’amako 2 atuye muri Kivu y’amajyaruguru (Abanande n’Abahunde), havuguruwe itegeko riha abavuga ikinyarwanda ubwenegihugu twavuze haruguru. Iryo tegeko ryaje kuhindurwa n’uko rivuga ko agizwe umunyekongo umuntu wese ufite sekuru wari muri Congo mbere ya 1885. Mu matora y’abayobozi b’Intara yo muri uwo mwaka wa 1981 iryo tegeko ryemereraga abavuga ikinyarwanda gutora ariko ribima uburenganzira bwo gutorwa. Abavuga ikinyarwanda (abahutu n’abatutsi) baje gushinga ishyaka bise UMOJA rigamije guharanira uburenganzira bwo gutorwa. Ariko iri shyaka ntiryarambye kuko muwa 1981 ryaje gucikamo ibice 2 igice cy’abahutu n’igice cy’abatutsi.
Mu myaka ya za 90 abasore benshi b’abatutsi bagiye bitabira urugamba rwa FPR-inkotanyi yarwanyaga ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda. Aha umuntu akaba yakwibaza niba baritabiriye urwo rugamba nk’abanyekongo bishakira gufasha Inkotanyi gusa cyangwa niba baraje nk’abanyarwanda baje gufatanya na bene wabo kubohora u Rwanda. Muri iyo myaka kandi nibwo Mobutu Sese Seko wategekaga Zaire icyo gihe yaje gushiraho Komisiyo yo kubarura mubavuga ikinyarwanda batuye Congo, abanyekongo n’abatari bo. Icyo gihe nibwo abatutsi bose (bo muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Kivu y’Amajyepfo) bahise bitwa Abanyamulenge izina ubundi ryavugaga abatuye imisozi y’i Mulenge muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo.
Nubwo kandi navuze ngo nta kibazo nzi cyihariye abatuye Congo bavuga ikinyarwanda bahuye nacyo ntabwo niyibagije na none, uburyo abagabo 2 ( Mwene Malungu na Anzuluni Mbembe) bo mu bwoko bw’Ababembe bibasiye cyane Abanyamulenge cyane cyane nko muri Mata 1995 ubwo uwitwa Anzuluni Bembe wari umuvugizi w’Inteko Nshingamategeko yasinye résolution ivuga ko buri muntu wese uvuga ikinyarwanda uri ku butaka bwa Zaire ari impunzi igomba gutaha atitaye ku gihe yagereye muri Zaire, yahise asohora urutonde rw’abanyamulenge bagomba gusubizwa i Rwanda. Iyi résolution yaje kugira ubukana cyane ubwo hagati ya Werurwe na Gicurasi 1996 abatutsi benshi bafashwe muri Kivu y’amajyaruguru i Masisi na Rutshuru bakirukanwa muri Zaire bakajyanwa mu Nkambi i Gisenyi. Muri Kivu y’amajyepfo ho uyu Anzuluni Mbembe yategetse ko abavuga ururimi rw’ikinyarwanda bamburwa ibyo batunze byose bakajya mu Rwanda.
IVUKA RY’IMITWE YA Maï-Maï MURI CONGO
Mu kwezi k’Ugushyingo 1996 u Rwanda rwahamagaye Laurent Desire Kabila kugira ngo aze rumufashe guhirika ingoma y’umwanzi we wa kera Mobutu Sese Seko. Icya mbere n’uko u Rwanda rwashinjaga Mobutu gufasha impunzi z’abahutu babarizwaga muri Zaire. Icya kabili n’uko u Rwanda ngo rwifuzaga guhiga abasize bakoze amahano mu Rwanda babarizwaga ku butaka bwa Zaire ariko harimo no gutinya ko aba Ex-FAR bashoboraga kwiyegeranya bagatera u Rwanda, hari n’abavuga ko hari inyungu z’ibihugu by’ibihangange cyari muri icyo kibazo.
Icyo gihe abavuga ikinyarwanda nka Me Azarias Ruberwa Manywa, Bizima Karaha, Deogratias Bugera n’abasore benshi bayobowe na Laurent Desire Kabila, bageze ahitwa Lemera muri plaine ya Ruzizi( Rusizi) bashinze AFDL. Iyi ntambara yitwa iya 1 (1996-1997) bivugwa ko abatuye Congo bavuga ikinyarwanda cyane cyane abanyamulenge batigeze bitwara neza ku baturanyi babo bo mu yandi moko, aho bivugwa ko bagiye bahohotera, bambura, banica urubozo andi moko.
Nibwo havukaga imitwe muri buri bwoko yitwa Maï-Maï igamije kurinda ubusugire bw’ubwoko bwabo. Izwi cyane ni nka Maï-Maï Yakutumba, Maï-Maï Raï Mutomboki, Maï-Maï Shetani, Maï-Maï Morgan, Maï-Maï Sheka, Maï-Maï Miracle, Maï-Maï Mundundu 40, Maï-Maï Nyatura,….
N’ubwo iyi mitwe yavutse ivuga ko igiye kurwanya abavuga ikinyarwanda, ubu amakuru avuga ko imwe muri iyo ikorana neza cyangwa bya hafi na M23 abandi bakanemeza ko bifatanya kugaba ibitero rimwe na rimwe. Abandi bakemeza ko hari ifitanye umubano mwiza n’u Rwanda.
Igice cya II tuzavuga ku ivuka rya RCD yaterwaga inkunga n’ihirima ryawo n’uburyo uwo mutwe wasize intambara n’amacakubiri mu bwoko bw’abanyamulenge.
(BIRACYAZA….)
KANUMA Christophe
E-mail: [email protected]
Bwana Kanuma Christophe,
Iyi nyandiko yawe n’ubwo harimo ukuri kwinshi ariko hari byinshi utavuga kubera impamvu nyinshi, zirimo kuba koko warabuze umuntu ubikubwira, cyangwa se ubyirengagiza gusa kubera impamvu zawe bwite. Uko wabita kose baba Abanyekongo bavuga ikinyarwanda byaba Abatuye Kongo bavuga i kinyarwanda, kuri jye ntacyo bihindura kukarengane bahura nako gusa kubera ururimi bavavuga n’umuco uhuye neza neza n’u rwanda. Muri make umuntu asomye neza iyi nyandiko yawe, urasanga nkuko ubyivugira ko wabaye igihe kirekire muri kariya karere, ahubwo wabaye cyane muri Sud-Kivu cyane cyangwa se uri umunyamurenge kuko jye ndabona aribyo uzi cyane. Kuko wari kwibuka intambara yiswe iya Kanyarwanda yabaye muri Nord-Kivu aho abandande bateye abavuga i kinyarwanda(hutu-tutsi bose hamwe) kandi ibyo nanubu biracyari mumitima yabandande ndetse na bamwe mubahunde.
Ikindi usa naho wijijisha cyangwa se wibagirwa ni kukibazo wibaza cy’icyatumye abanyekongo bavuga i kinyarwanda bitabiriye intambara yo kubohoza u Rwanda ya RPF/A nkaho utakurikiranye ibyaberaga i Goma, Masisi etc…. nyuma yaho iyo nyambara itangiriye aho Grand frère Mobutu yatabaye Petit frère Habyarimana, ndetse ubwoko burambuka bujya muri Zaïre(RDCongo ubu), ukiyibagiza Conférence Nationale yirukanye Mzehe Rwakabuba Nshinga munama bamwita umunyarwanda ese ibyo urumva byoroshye? Nkanabona ibibazo wowe ubwawe wivugira byabaye kubanyamulenge n’abandi bavuga ikinyarwanda ubisuzugura nkaho bitari impamvu yatuma umuntu wese ahagurukana icyo afite akirwanaho!!!
Izo Maí Maï zose wivugiye urumva atari menace? Erega ushingiye kukuntu abantu babanye neza ubu imiryango yahanye inka, yararongoranye usanga mubahunde hari inshuti zabanyekongo bavuga ikinyarwanda bafitanye igihango kuburyo hashobora kuvuka umutwe ubarwanya hakaza undi ubashyigikiye, ubwo uzi ibya Sud-Kivu cyane ndumva ibyo tutabijyaho impaka nyinshi.
Muri make ahubwo ntabwo wari guhera muri 1960 no kuzamura hera kure cyane ndetse uhere muri 1885. Nkwibutse ko abavuga ikinyarwanda bari muri DRCongo bari mu byiciro 4:
1. Igice cya mbere ni cyabagumye muri DRCongo abazungu bamaze kwigabanya africa;
2. Igice cya kabiri, nicyabanyarwanda bajyanywe nababiligi kujya gukota muri zamines i Katanga nahandi biganje mo abahutu benshi kuko ngo nibo babonaga bafite imbaraga( Kipushi, Kolwezi ….)
3. Nabanyarwanda basabiwe n’umwami Rudahigwa gutuzwa muri za Masisi kubera surpopulation mu Rwanda
4. Igice cya kane, n’impunzi zatewe n’ibibazo bya politiki byabaye mu Rwanda kuva 1959.
Itegekop rya Mobutu, ryarebaga cyane ibice 3 byanyuma na Bisengimana arimo kuko yari mpunzi yahunze muri 59, iryo tegeko ntiryarebaga Rwakabuba kuko we yari umukongomani kuva na mbere ya 1885.
Muri make aho niho hari ihurizo wa mugabo. Kuki uyu munsi bashyira abantu bose hamwe? Kuki bashaka ko abantu basiga imitungo yabo bakajya guhembera mugihugu kitari icyabo? Ari abanyamulenge, ari Abagogwe cyangwa se aba Jomba (hutu-tutsi) bafite ubwene gihugu nkubw¡umundande,umuhunde, umu kano, umunyanga, umukumu etc…
N’akarengane gakabije kubona abantu bavutswa uburenganzira bwabo kubera agasuzuguro. Akabaye bakemura icyo kibazo nabagize uruhare rwo kwigabanya africa ntawe bagishije inama none n’ubu bipfutse mumaso mugihe bamwe barimo kwamburwa utwabo(nkwibutse inka zabatutsi Mobutu n’ingabo ze zariye, cyangwa imirima y’abahutu bambuwe ku ngoma ya Mobutu etc…
Rero muvandimwe, sinzi ibyo wari kuzandika ubutaha, ariko impamvu M23 iriho ziri muribyo wowe ubwawe wavuze no muri ibi nkongereyeho. Ikindi burya impamvu ingana ururo, kandi urwo ruro rushobora kuzambya ibintu iyo abantu batabyize neza. Habyeho imitwe myinshi yashatse gukemura iki kibazo biranga kubera uburiganya bwabanya politiki, ariko amaherezo y’inzira ni munzu noneho ubu KIGOMBA GUKEMUKA rimwe rizima.
Reka tuzarebe iby’ubutaha
Bwana Ludoviko Bihibindi, ndagushimira kuba mwafashe umwanya wokumbwira uko mwe mubona ibintu. Gusa ndakwizeza ko ibya Nord-Kivu nabyo mbizi sinzi niba washakaga ko mvuga ibya Mayanga wigeze kwaduka za Bibwe kugira ngo wemere ko nabyo mbizi gusa ndakwizeza ko munyandiko ya gatatu nzagerageza kukwereka ibya Nord Kivu n’amakimbirane bagiye bagirana! Urakoze cyane gusa bishobotse watanga ibitekerezo byawe kunyandiko yanjye ya 2
Bwana Ludoviko, Ndagusimiye coment yawe gusa ndakumenyesha ko mu nkuru ya III uzabonamo byinshi kubya Nord Kivu. Nirinze kujya mutudetail duto duto ngo ntwite ibibazo byatuma miliyoni 9 zitakaza ubuzima. Ubu se washakaga ko nkubwira ibya Mayanga wadutse i Bibwe kugira ngo tubyite ibibazo?Iyo uvuze ngo noneho KIGOMBA GUKEMUKA rimwe rizima numva usa naho uri umufana cyane wa M23 kandi iyo umuntu ari umufana bimuhuma amaso n’ibitekerezo ntabashe kubona neza aho ibintu bigana. Ni gute wakwita Mai-Mai menace kandi amakuru atubwira ko hari zimwe zikorana na M23?Ubwo se ni menace kubavuga ikinyarwanda gusa?Byonyine kuba Rwakabubu yari yabashije kugera muri iyo CNS urumva atari intambwe? Nibande bashaka ko musiga imitungo yanyu?Aha urabeshye rwose kumugaragaro! Ese ubundi kuki iyo barangije akazi bose bataha i Kigali(Mutebutsi, Nkunda)? Uribuka ijambo ngo Inka ni umututsintawundi ukwiriye kuyitunga bityo umunyekongo wese basanganye inka bakayimwaka? Ihangane inkuru zikurikira tuzakomeza kugerageza kuguha amakuru
Ariko hagati aho nawe muvandimwe Kanuma wirengagije ko abanyecongo bavuga ikinyarwanda barahohotewe kuva ibibazo by’u Rwanda byajya muri Congo…muri rusange baba abahutu b’abanyecongo baba abatutsi ntibabyungukiyemo ! Bamwe baranishwe rwose bahigwa bukware, hanyuma no kubera intambaza zacu zajyanywe hariya byatumye sentiment yo kwanga abarwandophone yiyongera kandi nyamara bo ntaho bahuriye na FDLR cyangwa n’ingabo za RPA! Aha wavuga uti kuki ba Nkunda n’abandi benshi bagiye barwanira RPA, ko baba mu Rwanda…dore niho ibibazo bikomerera gutandukanya umunyarwanda nyawe n’umunyecongo uvuga ikinyarwanda kubera ayo mateka yose ! Niyo mpamvu nanjye nemera ko ibibazo biri mu burasirazuba bwa Congo u Rwanda rubifitemo uruhare rukomeye kandi akenshi si inyungu z’abanyecongo ahubwo barahababarira…aha twakwibaza tuti abanyecongo bavuga ikinyarwanda bazavugirwa na nde rero u Rwanda rutabyivanzemo ? Kuko ahanini abanyepolitiki baba aba RCD, CNDP,reka dutegereze turebe na M23…bose usanga koko bafite izindi nyungu bakibagirwa inshingano zabo zo kurengera abarwandophone b’abacongolais ! Abanyarwanda bamwe nabo biyita abanyecongo kugira babone amaramuko hariya dore rwose twe abanyarwanda turi mu bakongeza umuriro hariya si ibinyoma !
Bwana Rwema, nshimye ibitekerezo byawe! Buriya ntekereza ko abavuga ikinyarwanda baba Congo, umunsi bahisemo kumesa kamwe bakaba abanyarwanda bakareka ibya Congo cg bakaba abanyekongo bakareka iby’u Rwanda ibibazo bizoroha!