1. IVUKA RY’UMUTWE WA M23 N’UKO UHAGAZE UBU
Igice cya III twerekanye uburyo ubwumvikane buke hagati y’ abavuga ikinyarwanda batuye Kivu y’amajyepfo n’abatuye Kivu y’amajyaruguru, baje gutangira kugirana ubwumvikane buke nyuma y’isenyuka rya RCD. Twerekanye kandi uko haje gushingwa CNDP n’uko yaje gusenywa n’abarimu bigishaga mu Rwanda babifashijwemo na Generali Bosco Ntaganda. Twerekanye aho imbaraga zatumye abasore b’abasirikare bari viyongozi muri CNDP bayoboka Ntaganda.
Ntibyatinze abari bagize CNDP hafi ya bose bemera gukurikira Bosco Ntaganda kujya muri leta. Abari ku ikubitiro mu basirikare ni : Colonels Makenga Sultani, Muhindo Faustin, Ruhorimbere Eric, Gahizi Innocent, Micho Claude, Kabundi Innocent, Munyakazi Esaïe, Ngaruye Baudouin, Innocent Zimurinda, Innocent Kaina, Albert Kahasha hakaza na Lt.Colonels Mulomba Bahati, JMV Kazarama na Nsengiyumva Wilson.
1.1 Ubwumvikane buke hagati y’abari muri CNDP
Muri Kamena 2009, amezi 3 gusa bamaze gusinyana amasezerano yo kuwa 23 Mata, ubwumvikane buke hagati y’aba basirikare bwaratangiye.
Bikavugwa ko batangiye gupfa umutungo kuko Bosco Ntaganda yari yarashyizeho uburyo bwatumaga imisoro y’amakara, ibiti, imbaho n’ubundi bucuruzi bukorerwa iwabo i Masisi yamugeraga mu ntoki. Ikindi kandi yatangiye gukora ubucuruzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro. Igice cya Sultani Makenga nacyo cyashizeho uburyo butuma bakorana n’ingabo za Congo mu bucuruzi amafaranga avuyemo nabo akajya mu ntoki zabo. Bikemezwa kandi ko aba basirikare bose icyo bahuriragaho ari inka baguraga bakajyana i Mushaki, Ngungu, Kitchanga na Kilolirwe (muri teritwari ya Masisi) zikarindwa n’abasirikare bari aba CNDP. Ubu bucuruzi n’ibikorwa byinjirizaga amafaranga atari make aba basirikare bahoze ari aba CNDP bari barinjiye muri Leta, byatumye banga kwimurirwa mu tundi duce twa Congo kuko bari kuba batakaje ibikorwa bibinjiriza amafaranga, bakoresheje urwitwazo rw’uko ngo iyo boherejwe mu tundi duce twa Congo bicwa ndetse bakajya bavuga ko hari bagenzi babo bimuwe bakicwa ariko impamvu nyamukuru yari amafaranga bakura mu bikurwa bitandukanye byo muri Kivu.
Hari ibice bibili byatangiye kubona ko ntacyo amasezerano yabamariye. Ku ruhande rumwe abari abanyapolitike baje kubona ko amasezerano uretse kubaha imyanya 2 y’ubuministre mu Ntara nta kindi imbaraga zabo muri CNDP zabazaniye nk’inyungu. Ikindi kandi babonaga amasezerano yaratumye abasirikare bafatanyaga mu rugamba yaratumye barushaho gukira. Ku rundi ruhande abatutsi babwiraga ko aribo barwanira baje gusanga barababeshye cyane bo babonaga ibyo gucyura impunzi zabo ziheze hanze nta cyizere babifitiye. Babwirwaga ko barwanira kubacungira umutekano ariko bazagusanga ibintu byarahinduye isura kuko bamwe bari bibereye i Kinshasa abandi ku buyobozi bw’Intara abasirikare hirya no hino muri za business. Muri make nta buryo bundi abari abayobozi ba CNDP baberekaga ko bazakomeza guharanira ko impunzi zitaha.
Uretse ubwo bwumvikane buke, Bosco Ntaganda yatangiye kumva umutekano we atawizeye kuko urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rwa ICC rwari rwarasohoye urupapuro rwo kumuta muri yombi. Kuba muri leta rero yumvaga bizorohera leta kumuta muri yombi cyane ko yakoreraga i Goma. Bosco Ntaganda yatangiye gushaka uko yakwihuza n’igice cya Nkunda (Sultani Makenga) agerageza kubasaba ko bamufasha kumurwanira ishyaka ntazafatwe ngo ajyanwe i La Haye.
Si kuri bagenzi be gusa ahubwo, nk’uko bivugwa, yaje gutangira kurekirita abasore bo kurinda umutekano we Uganda akoresheje uwitwa Gad Ngabo. Ibyari intambara yo guharanira itahuka ry’impunzi bya CNDP ya Nkunda n’ibyari amasezerano yo kugarura amahoro bya CNDP ya Bosco Ntaganda byahindutse gushakisha uko harindwa umutwe w’umuntu umwe ariwe Bosco Ntaganda.
Uko byaje kugenda ni ibya vuba aha kuburyo nkeka ko buri wese wabashije kubikurikirana abyibuka neza. Gusa muri make ICC yatangiye gushyiraho igitutu kuri leta ya Joseph Kabila ngo itange Bosco Ntaganda ajye gucirwa urubanza. Uko icyo gitutu cyagiye cyiyongera Kabila, watangiye avuga ko nibiba ngombwa Ntaganda azacirwa urubanza muri Congo ko atamutanga ngo acirwe urubanza hanze, yaje gutangaza ko agomba gufatwa akajyanwa muri ICC. Kabila kandi zaje kwifuza ko ingabo zari iza CNDP zakoherezwa gukorera mu zindi Ntara zikava muri Kivu. Iki cyifuzo cyakiriwe nabi n’ingabo zose zari iza CNDP kuko zabonagamo uburyo bwo kubatatanya bakabura ijambo bakazibagirana, bakajya kure ya bene wabo batizeye umutekano wabo ndetse bagasiga ibikorwa bitandukanye bafite muri Kivu bibinjiriza amafaranga.
Baje kwifuza kongera kubyutsa umutwe wa gisirikare cya CNDP bundi bushya. Batangiranye na Deogratias Nzabirinda wari umuyobozi wungirije wa CNDP yaje gutangaza ko akuyeho senateri Edouard Mwangacucu ku buyobozi bw’ishyaka. Edouard Mwangacucu we wari wibereye i Kinshasa yaje gutangariza ibiro ntaramakuru bya Reuters ko amaze iminsi ahamagarwa na bamwe muba generali b’ingabo z’u Rwanda bamusaba kuza gutangiza urugamba bundi bushya ariko we aza kubangira ababwira ko nk’umutwe ahagarariye wa CNDP nta yindi ntambara yifuza gutangiza. Aza kongeraho ko aterwa bwoba ko nagira icyo atangaza azicwa mu gihe kitarenze ukwezi.
Ng’uko uko haje kuvuka umutwe wa M23 utangiranye k’ubuyobozi Deogratias Nzabirinda nk’uko we ubwe yabyitangarije tariki 08 Kamena ko akuyeho Mwangacucu. Gukomeza kuyoborwa na Bosco Ntaganda muri iyi ntambara nshya ntibyari gushoboka kubera impamvu 2: Iya mbere ntabwo yari akunzwe n’abagenzi be; icya kabili kuyobora M23 kwe byari gutuma bigaragara cyane ko ari intambara ateye kugira ngo yihishe ubutabera mpuzamahanga. Mu bushishozi bwinshi baje kwimika Colonel Sultani Makenga, Ntaganda yibagirana atyo nka mugenzi we Nkunda. Ubu amakuru dufite n’uko Ntaganda ayobora ahatorezwa abasirikare bashya ba M23 ariko ntiyigaragaza!
Ubu amakuru uko ameze n’uko Deogratias Nzabirinda, mu gihe kitageze amezi 6, nawe yakuweho icyizere cyo kuyobora M23 hashirwaho Bishop Jean Marie Runiga Lugerero. Hari amakuru avuga ko gushyirwaho kw’abayobozi ba M23 byagenwe n’abategetsi b’u Rwanda barimo James Kabarebe. Baba batangiranye batyo ya virus yasenye RCD na CNDP, ari yo amacakubiri kuvugirwamo no kuba ibikoresho by’u Rwanda hatitawe ku nyungu z’abanyekongo bavuga ikinyarwanda bavuga ko barwanira.
Uyu mutwe umaze iminsi wigaruriye umujyi wa Goma ndetse ukaba urimo ugaragaza ko ufite ingufu nyinshi ku rugamba bikaba byabeshya abantu benshi ko ukomeye! Reka da, nabibutsaga ko utarafata imigi myinshi nk’iyo RCD-Goma yari yarigaruriye kuko yo yagenzuraga Intara hafi 4 mu gihe M23 ubu imaze kwigarurira 1 gusa kandi ntibyabujije ko RCD-Goma yibagirana bene aka kageni.
Umutwe wa M23 mu rwego rwo kwiyegereza andi moko y’abanyekongo atari abatutsi, hashyizwe imbere JMV Kazarama, akaba ari umuhutu ukomoka ahitwa Tongo, n’ubwo mu mateka ye ya kera yagaragaweho kurwanya abatutsi hagati y’imyaka 1993 na 1996, akaba yari yaratorewe kuba umutware gakondo mu gace ka Tongo ku buryo yaririmbwaga mu ndirimbo zimwe na zimwe nk’iyagiraga iti:” Nzalilimba ngeze n’ i Tongo, ni iy’abahutu, Kazarama wacu warakoze uraza”, bivugwa ko akomoka mu Rwanda ahitwa Bisate mu Kinigi, akaba yari mu kitwaga Magrivi, ku buryo ngo abatutsi bari batuye Rugali, Rutshuru, Namugenge, na JOMBA izina rye ryonyine ryabateraga ubwoba. Muri 2006 yashatse kwiyamamaza ngo abe umudepite ariko aratsindwa ahitamo gufatanya na Nkunda muri CNDP.
Ikindi gitangaje n’ukuntu abantu bo muri M23 bavuga ko barwanira demokarasi bakaba barwanya ukwiba amatora kwa Kabila kandi aribo bamufashije kuyiba mu ntara barimo za Kivu zombi, niba bifuza demokarasi koko bibwira ko abarwanya Kabila bafashe ubutegetsi baborohera nka Kabila ko byagaragaye ko abenshi muri abo barwanya ubutegetsi bwa Kabila banga abanyekongo bavuga ikinyarwanda urunuka byagera ku batutsi byo bikaba akarusho?
1.2 Ni gute Perezida Joseph Kabila yigaragaje muri iyi ntambara ya M23?
Ku muntu wese wakurikiranye iki kibazo neza ntiyabura kugira byinshi yibaza kuri perezida Joseph Kabila. Aba bagabo bagize M23 bagize uruhare rukomeye kugira ngo atsindire kongera kuyobora Congo mu Ntara 2 zigize Kivu. Ikintu cya mbere babanje gutangaza n’ukwivana mu mashyaka ashigikiye Kabila bita Majorité présidentielle ntiyagira icyo abivugaho. Igihe cyose amaraporo yagiye asohoka atunga u Rwanda urutoki kuba rufasha M23, abanyekongo b’abanyepolitike bagenzi be bagiye bamusaba gutangaza ko igihugu kiri mu Ntambara ko cyatewe n’u Rwanda kugeza uyu munsi ntarabikora. Ababizi neza basobanura ko iyo umukuru w’igihugu atangaje ko yatewe kandi ko igihugu kigiye mu ntambara ngo bifite byinshi biba bisobanuye. Ikindi yasabwe n’uko yahamagaza ambasaderi wa Congo mu Rwanda agataha kuva raporo ya mbere itunga u Rwanda urutoki yatangira, nk’uko bijya bigenda mu gihe ibihugu bitumvikana, ariko barinze bafata Goma yaranze guhagarika umubano n’u Rwanda. Iki sinzi niba hari icyo cyari kumumarira!
Ikindi cyaje gutangaza abantu cyane n’aho mu minsi mike ishize, M23 itarafata Goma, yahamagaje abadepite bakomoka Nord Kivu na Sud Kivu mu nama bagiranye yababwiye ko Senegal ibana n’Intara ya Casamance, ababwira ko Ubuhindi bubana n’Intara ya Cashimir n’igihugu cya Colombiya kibana n’inyeshyamba za FARC kandi ko ibyo bimaze imyaka myinshi bimeze bityo! Iri jambo ry’umukuru w’igihugu cya Congo wowe uryumvise uri umusirikare i Goma waryakira ute? Iri jambo dukesha ibiganiro bya television tele50 byo kuwa 17 Ugushyingo 2012 rivuze byinshi. Ntekereza ko niba M23 yararyumvise ryayiteye akanyabugabo kandi ntagushidikanya ko ariryo ryayifashije gutera no kwigarurira Goma na Sake, ubu bakaba barimo bitegura gufata Minova na Bukavu kugira ngo bagire agace kanini bagenzura!
Ushingiye kuri ibi tuvuze haruguru usanga Joseph Kabila yaba afite ibyo aziranyeho na M23? Niba bihari se ko noneho M23 yiyemeje ko ariwe ishaka kuvana k’ubutegetsi kandi yarumvaga igihugu cye cyakwibanira na M23 ubuziraherezo, arabyitwaramo ate?
Mu gice cya V tuzabasobanurira ikigo cyitwa Institut POLE cyo mu budage n’icyo cyaba gihuriyeho na ziriya ntambara za M23 ; tuzavuga uko tubona iherezo rya M23 ; n’ubwo tutari abahanuzi twifashijije ubuhanuzi twiyumviye na matwi yacu yasohoye tuzagerageza kwerekana ikigiye gukurikira kuri iriya ntambara.
Nkomeje kubashimira mwese abasoma izi nkuru mukanyandikira munyungura ibitekerezo, munangezaho andi makuru anyuranye haba kuri e-mail yanjye cyangwa kuri facebook.
(BIRACYAZA….)
KANUMA Christophe
E-mail: [email protected]
IHEREZO RY’UMUTWE WA M23 NA BYINSHI MUTAMENYE KU NKOMOKO YAWO- Igice I
IHEREZO RY’UMUTWE WA M23 NA BYINSHI MUTAMENYE KU NKOMOKO YAWO- Igice II
IHEREZO RY’UMUTWE WA M23 NA BYINSHI MUTAMENYE KU NKOMOKO YAWO- Igice III
Musyigikire m23 kuko abacongoman ninkinterahamwe bangs abatutsi babanyecongo…bomubice byahoze biba kubutaka bwurwanda
Kanuma ,
Inkuru zawe
ni nziza cyane ushaka wazikoramo na film kuko na Vietnam wars tujya tubona Holywood ngirango birajya gusa ariko hari ikibazo 1 n’ icyifuzo1.
1.Ikibazo:Waba uzi abo bose bayoboye M23 baravuye ku malist ya RDF cg RPF-inkotanyi ya kera 1990(ntaganda yarabyemeye ko yayirwaaniye)n’aho bahurira na CIA yabatoje kuva Uganda?
2.Icyifuzo:Mariko Matabaro n’ubwanditsi bagufasha kujya ushyira directement link y’inkuru za hise hasi ya buri numero urangije (urugero -KANDA HANO urebe INKURU ZABANJE) nk’uko kuyandi ma website bigenda?
weekend nziza
None muvandimwe maze iminsi nsoma izinkuru ariko se nawe soma ibibyose noneho ugereranye uzatubwire ukuri.
In September 2010, President Yoweri Museveni got intelligence briefing that Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) rebels were seriously planning to attack Uganda through western Uganda.
Museveni swiftly directed then Special Forces Commander Lt. Col. Muhoozi Keinerugaba to deploy mechanized units at the border with Congo.
This was meant to put in place an iron shield as Museveni engaged his DRC counterpart Joseph Kabila, Rwanda’s Paul Kagame and United States administration on how to deal with the rebel threat in Congo.
At the time, intelligence showed that several radical Sheiks in Kampala mosques were sending combatants through Mwanza in Tanzania and then River Semuliki to ADF training camps in Nadui, Erengeti, Congo.
What rattled Museveni’s generals was that the ADF had even managed to secure surface-to-air gunships to destroy any spy copters hovering over their hideouts.
Uganda’s military intelligence found that ADF had over 3,000 battle-hardened fighters, mostly of Muslim faith.
They also discovered that ADF’s spiritual leader Jamil Mukulu had on several occasions visited his men on the ground and more fighters were joining the outfit that seeks to establish a Muslim state in Uganda.
In a bid to secure more information, as usual, Uganda sent experienced military spies to infiltrate ADF camps.
Uganda army discovered that the group intended to raise 20,000 fighters who would undergo massive training by Pakistan and Al Shabaab instructors in several parts of the world before converging in Congo to wage war on Uganda and the capture Kampala.
“That’s why ADF tried to establish links with Al Shabaab – to gain access to resources form terrorism funders and training facilities in Pakistan, Afghanistan and the Middle East,” said a military source that preferred anonymity given the sensitivity of the matter.
Actually, the rebels had set to attack Uganda shortly after 2011 elections but massive swoops on ADF cells in Kampala, eastern Uganda made the rebels’ plans unsuccessful.
“At one time, we raided an ADF cell in Congo and got a list of all names of the rebels’ collaborators, residences, financial transactions and contacts in Uganda. So it was easy to monitor and arrest them in a well coordinated operation,” a high ranking military source told this reporter during an interview on the shores of Lake Victoria early this week.
“Realizing that we had smoked out their collaborators, the ADF tried to attack in April this year and had finalized drills. They were waiting for a green light from Mukulu,” said the source.
KAGAME
Earlier in 2011, when Museveni realized the ADF were determined to attack, he looked around for an influential regional actor for support.
And this was Paul Kagame. It was by coincidence that the pair needed each other.
Kagame was facing the growing threat of FDLR.
Addressing a press conference in Kampala last year, Kagame admitted that exiled general Kayumba Nyamwasa and Col. Patrick Karegeya were maintaining links and forging alliances with FDLR and other rebel groups in Congo to destabilize his country.
Therefore, Museveni and Kagame were facing a threat on their hold on power.
Staring down on a possible break out of instability in the region, the two presidents decided to engage Joseph Kabila to allow their forces enter and flush out the rebels.
On his part, Kagame opened telephone conversations with Kabila.
In Uganda, Museveni started talks by dispatching his most trusted generals to Kinshasha to negotiate with Kabila and his generals on how to fights ADF in Congo.
Museveni at first dispatched Gen. Salim Saleh to persuade Kabila to allow Uganda into DRC to hunt down the ADF.
Saleh’s point was that Uganda would use her own army and resources to eliminate the ADF threat and return to Kampala in an agreed timeframe.
At the same time, Museveni had skillfully instructed Aronda and Saleh to mobilize a force of 5,000 battle-tested combatants from several security organs including the Reserve Force, to undergo sophisticated training in a forest in Northern Uganda in preparation for the Congo rebel positions assault.
Saleh camped with his soldiers in the forest for one year.
During his trip, Saleh was not convinced that Kinshasha was determined to wipe out the ADF rebels.
He also reported to Museveni that Congo army commander Major General Gabriel Amisi Kumba had not exhibited readiness to smash the ADF rebels.
Museveni later sent other Generals such as Brig. James Mugira, then head of Military Intelligence and later Gen. Kale Kayihura in December last year to negotiate Uganda forces’ entry into ADF camps.
However, these talks led to the creation of a joint team of Congolese and Ugandan military intelligence operatives in eastern Congo to monitor the situation.
One of the officers attached to this unit was Maj. Muwonge, who was later transferred to the counter terrorism branch in Addis Ababa.
Each day that passed, a source said, Uganda and Rwanda got intelligence of the increasing number of ADF and FDLR insurgents and flow of weapons to their camps.
For how long would Uganda and Rwanda contain this?
ARONDA MISSION
The Congolese generals, led by the army commander Major General Gabriel Amisi Kumba, were promising to “investigate” the ADF before taking action.
Feeling frustrated and boiling with anger, Museveni in February this year sent army commander Gen. Aronda Nyakairima as the last man to Congo.
He was flanked by a team of military intelligence personnel who assured Congo that enough was enough and it was time for them to act.
Aronda also warned that he would not sit down and look on idly as ADF march towards the Uganda border.
Feeling immense pressure, Kabila authorized an operation codenamed “Operation Rwenzori” to attack ADF positions.
Amusingly, the operation flopped as DRC registered a huge number of casualties and lost heavy artillery to ADF.
Sources say Kabila and Museveni later talked on phone with the latter asking that UPDF war planes bomb ADF with an infantry “accomplishing the mission in a few days.”
However, the discussion was not bearing fruit.
Rwanda and Uganda then decided to strengthen their border security measures with Kayihura travelling to Rwanda where he met the country’s police chief Gasana.
Later, 2nd Division commander Brig. Patrick Kankiriho and his Rwanda counterpart Gen. Alexi Kagame, who is based at Ruhengeri, met in Rwanda.
This meeting was followed by Gasana’s trip to Uganda to inspect several border points with Congo.
KILL NTAGANDA
At that time, intelligence showed that there was a plan not only to arrest but kill Ntaganda and that fugitive Col. Karegeya was in Congo to coordinate plans to attack Rwanda.
Ntaganda’s assassination would have plunged Congo, Rwanda and Uganda into a deep crisis.
How?
Ntaganda’s CNDP had managed to create a buffer zone for Rwanda from FDLR.
“With Ntaganda dead, Rwanda would have no option but enter Congo to control the movement of FDLR rebels. This chaos would have been exploited by ADF to attack Uganda thus turning the region into smoldering rubble,” said the military source.
Ntaganda was alerted of the plot to kill him thus sparking a mutiny in the Congo army where CNDP had been integrated in 2009.
Kagame and Museveni decided to meet at State House in Entebbe to discuss the Congo crisis thus deploying heavily on all border points with Congo.
The two presidents, according to State House officials, concurred that Major General Gabriel Amisi Kumba was supporting not only FDLR, a Rwandan rebel group but was not taking radical steps to eliminate the ADF threat.
They contacted Kabila over the matter but no action was taken.
With the situation boiling, M23 decided to attack Bunagana where they displaced 600 Congolese forces before descending on Rutshuru and other towns near Goma.
The rebels did not only show capacity to take Goma and even march to Kinshasha but underlined the fact that they posed a threat to the Kinshasha establishment as well.
FALL OF GOMA
It was not until the fall of Goma on Tuesday and subsequent publication of a UN report showing that Gen Amisi was overseeing a network distributing hunting ammunition for poachers and armed groups in Eastern Congo including Mai Mai rebels that Kabila chose to crack the whip.
Impeccable sources say Museveni and Kagame, equipped with concrete intelligence, made it clear to Kabila during discussions at State House this week that they would not allow just one man (Gen Amisi) to destablise the region.
“The region would be safer and your presidency unthreatened if Amisi was stopped from supplying Rwandan rebels with arms. Rwanda will put to good use its resources to resist any attempts to destablise it. For us we are ready to fight and defend our people,” Kagame charged.
“If Amisi cannot be stopped, Mr President, the region would realize peace. Supplying arms to FDLR is a national threat to Rwanda.”
Museveni also agreed with Kagame that Amisi had to go.
For purposes of compromise, the two leaders promised to use their “persuasion skills” to urge M23 rebels to stop fighting.
But this had to be top secret, considering that if Amisi knew about plans to fire him, he would orchestrate a coup.
So on Wednesday night, at around 9pm, Kabila and Kagame were seen off at Entebbe Airport.
24 hours later, Gen Amisi was shown the exit.
Ndemeye kabisa niwowe munyamakuru abandi mukorana baracyatsa gusa ufite ubumenyi mubyo wandika ntabwo uba wabirose cg ngo ubitoragure mumuhanda komerezaho ugeze kubasoma izinkuru byishi byisumbuyeho.
najye kabisa ndumva ibya M23 atari byiza bagakwiye kuraswa burundu hakavuka abandi. ni SODA JUSTIN .ADJ