Demokarasi tubwirwa ko ari ububasha bw’abaturage bwo kwitorera ababayobora kandi aba batowe bagakorera inyungu rusange z’abaturage babatoye, ibirenze ibyo uwavuga ko ari imburamumaro ntiyaba abeshye. Kuki Afurika ikomeje kurwanya demokarasi? Kuki hakomeje kubaho amacakubiri ashingiye ku moko, uturere, inkomoko, amadini, uruhu, igitsina n’imyemerere? Kurikira hepfo uramenya impamvu abategetsi ba afrika barwanya demokarasi.
Ubusanzwe nta muntu waremwe ngo ase n’undi haba mu mico cyangwa imiterere, kandi n’impanga ntizitekereza kimwe, byanze bikunze iyo witegereje neza usanga zitandukanyijwe n’akantu runaka. N’abantu bose rero ntibagomba kubaho kimwe, kandi ntabwo ibi byakabaye impamvu yo kwangana bigezaho kuvushanya amaraso no kurimburana ngo muritwaza amoko. Iyi turufu yo gucamo ibice abaturage ikoreshwa n’inkorabusa z’inda nini, zihungira muri politike gushakirayo amaramuko, aho kujyana yo ubwenge n’ishyaka byo gukorera ababatoye.
Afrika ni umugabane utarahiriwe no kugira demokarasi bitewe ahanini n’ubujiji bw’abategetsi bayo uko bagiye basimburana, abenshi muri bo babaye abategetsi kubera barushaga abaturage amaboko, ubukire, ubugome, irari rirenze, inda nini no kwifuza bya hato na hato, maze aho bafatiye ubutegetsi bakaryoherwa nabwo bigashyira kera, kuburyo babanza kwikiza ubukene, no kwikiza abo bita “abanzi babo” maze amakosa bakora bajya ku butegetsi akababera ububata bubagusha mu mutego wo gutinya inkurikizi z’ibikorwa bigayitse baba barakoreye abaturage. Aho rero niho usanga izingiro ryo kugundira no gutegekesha igitugu kuri benshi, bikurikirwa n’intambara zo kubarwanya cyangwa itembagazwa ry’ubutegetsi “coup d’Etat” kuko abaturage baba babona ko ntayindi nzira basigaranye uretse iyo gukoresha ingufu bakirukana umutegetsi mubi uba wanze kuvaho ku neza.
Muri afrika kandi niho usanga ingeso mbi yo kwitiranya Leta n’umutegetsi, urugero rwa hafi nko mu Rwanda, iyo uvuze amakosa akorwa na Perezida Kagame uba uhindutse umwanzi w’igihugu cyose, aho igihano uhabwa kiba kirenze kure ibiteganywa n’amategeko asumba ayandi, aho wicwa kandi igihano cyo kwicwa cyaravanywe mu mategeko y’u Rwanda. Politiki yitiranywa n’ubutiriganya aho kuba “uburyo bwo kuyobora igihugu”, abanyepolitike bakitiranwa n’abatekamutwe b’abagome akenshi kuko aribyo bakora, maze kwitwa umunyepolitike utavuga rumwe na Leta iriho bigahinduka sakirirego kuburyo bigutera kuba icyohe n’igicibwa mu muryango, biviramo benshi kurebwa nabi ndetse bishobora gucisha abenshi umutwe nkuko twabibonye kuri ba Rwisereka Andre Kaggwa, Seth Sendashonga, Gatabazi, Agatha, Karegeya n’abandi.
Dusubiye ku mpamvu zituma abategetsi b’abanyafurika batinya demokarasi twavuga ko zikubiye mu bice bitatu by’ingenzi:
a) Hari uburyo bajyaho: Akenshi aba bategetsi bafata ubutegetsi bitanyuze mu matora, inzira nyinshi twagiye tubona bakunze gukoresha ni iz’imbaraga, kandi izi nzira ubwazo zigira inkurikizi, kuko muruko gukoresha ingufu, hari benshi babigenderamo kandi bazize amaherere, hasenywa byinshi kandi ababiri inyuma akenshi usanga ari abagambanyi baba bashyigikiwe n’amahanga, maze bamara gufata ubutegetsi bakita ku nyungu z’ababashyigikiye bakabatera inkunga aho kwita ku benegihugu bashinzwe. Aha ntibikunze kuvugwa, abaperezida benshi ba Afurika batoranywa n’ibihugu by’ibihangange nka USA, Ubufaransa, Uburusiya, Ububirigi n’ibindi by’i burayi.
b) Imishinga batunganya mugihe cy’ubutetegetsi bwabo: Umushinga uruta iyindi aba bategetsi ba Afurika baba bafite mu mitwe yabo bafata ubutegetsi ahanini ishingiye ku kurwanya ubukene no kwikungahaza mu buryo bwihuse, aha rero niho usanga bashyira ingufu mu gusahura ahari ubutunzi hose, ndetse bigahinduka gahunda nyamukuru ya Leta bayoboye, sibo bonyine kandi niyo bapfuye kugira agatima ko gukorera abaturage babo bahura n’inzitizi zo kwishyura imyenda baba barafashe y’intwaro bakoresha n’andi masezerano (aha ndavuga amasezerano yo gusahurira no kugambanira abaturage babo) baba baragiranye n’ababatiza imbaraga b’abanyamahanga bagizwe ahanini n’ibihangange by’isi udasize n’imbaraga zidasanzwe bakomora ku mwami w’Isi. Ibi rero byo kuba baba bafite ababishyuza kandi bafite imbaraga bituma ntacyo bamarira abaturage maze ahubwo bakabahutaza, ushatse kubaza impamvu akicwa, maze igihe bihaye cyo kuva ku butegetsi cyagera bagasanga ntanakimwe bamariye abaturage bashinzwe, ubwoba bukabataha, maze bakwibuka n’imanza zibategereje z’abo bahitanye bakiyahuza kugundira.
c) Gutinya ingaruka n’inkurikizi z’amabi bakoze: Abategetsi ba Afurika ni abantu nkatwe twese, ariko abenshi usanga barokamwe no gukora amabi, bakibagirwa ko hazabaho umunsi babazwa n’abaturage icyo babamariye, cyangwa se ko hazabaho kuryozwa ibikorwa by’ubugome bakoze mugihe cy’ubutegetsi bwabo. Aha rero niho umutego mutindi ushibukana nyirawo maze bagatangira kwigisha abantu ubudasa bwabo ngo bakunde bareme intambara zirangaza zikanatera ubwoba rubanda ngo batabaza iby’amatora.
Gucamo abaturage ibice ni intwaro y’abategetsi benshi bazirana na demokarasi, kuko ubumwe butuma habaho gushyirahamwe no kwihitiramo ikibereye igihugu runaka. Intambara zose zivuka mu macakubiri, niyo mpamvu abanyagitugu bahozamu kanwa kabo imvugo zitanya, bahora baremera igihugu abanzi batanahari, akantu kose bakarebera mw’ihangana ry’ibice bibiri bishyamiranye, bakora kuburyo bakwirakwiza ibihuha maze bakarema mu baturage umwiryane kugirango bakomeze barye imitsi ya rubanda nta nkomyi.
Nta mutegetsi ufata ubutegetsi ku ngufu ngo yifuze kuburekura binyuze muri demokarasi, impamvu nta yindi, nuko izo ngufu ziba zikubiyemo amahano baba batinya kuzabazwa.
Nkaba nanzura mbasaba kugerageza kwima amatwi amakuru, amadisikuru, inama, ibihuha ndetse n’umuco mubi ukwirakwiza n’abanzi b’amahoro bagamije kuryanisha abantu, cyane cyane abanyarwanda bakomeje kurangwa n’umwiryane ushingiye ku moko, boshye harubwoko bwakwihandagaza bukatwemeza ko haricyiza bwatumariye kurusha ubundi. Nkaba ntasoza iyi nyandiko ntasabye abanyarwanda kwigira ku bwoko bw’abatwa bukomeje kwitandukanya no kwiheza mu bibazo bikomereye u Rwanda.
Nimucyo dushyire hamwe, twange akarengane, ivangura no gutotezwa cyangwa gutoteza benewacu. U Rwanda ni urwacu twese, nimuve mu bujiji twimakaze demokarasi idashingiye ku moko cyangwa ubwinshi, ahubwo demokarasi ishingiye ku bushobozi bwa buriwese no guhitamo icyiza udakurikije isura yacyo. twime amatwi abatwigisha ko naka ari umwanzi w’igihugu, ntawanga aho yaboneye ibyiza, kandi twese nibyo twifuza, igihugu ni jye nawe, twese hamwe twange ikibi, twange igitugu n’inda nini.
Kanyarwanda.
