IMYAKA 58 IRASHIZE: ESE HARI IHURIRO RY’IBYO BA KAYIBANDA BASABYE KU YA 24/03/1957 N’IBYO DUSABA UBU.

Anastase Gsana

Ntabwo twirirwa dutanga incamake y’inyandiko ya Kayibanda na bagenzi be banditse taliki ya 24/03/1957 i Kabgayi mu Rwanda kuko buri wese ayizi yayisomye kandi n’utarayisoma ashobora kuyikurura muri internet akayisoma. Yitwa “ Note sur l’aspect social du probleme racial indigene au Rwanda”, mu kinyarwanda umuntu akaba yavuga ko ari “Inyandiko igaragaza imiterere y’ikibazo cy’amoko mu Rwanda”.

Nyuma iyi nyandiko imaze gusohoka no gushyikirizwa Visi-Guverineri Mukuru w’u Rwanda no gushyikirizwa Umwami w’u Rwanda Mutara III Rudahigwa, abasomye ibiyikubiyemo bayise “Manifeste des Bahutu” n’ubwo ba nyirayo atari ko bari barise inyandiko yabo.Hari n’abandi bayise icyo gihe “Inyandiko y’ibyifuzo by’abahutu (Cahier des doleances des bahutu)”. Abo bayanditse bakanayisinya, ni abanyarwanda icumi bakurikira: Gerigori Kayibanda, Maximilien Niyonzima, Claver Ndahayo, Isidore Nzeyimana, Calliope Mulindahabi, Godefroid Sentama, Sylvestre Munyambonera, Joseph Sibomana, Joseph Gitera, na Louis Mbaraga.

Aba banyarwanda icumi bo mu bwoko bw’abahutu binjije amazina yabo mu mateka y’u Rwanda, mu nyandiko yabo ya kiriya gihe basabaga ibi bikurikira:

1)gukuraho ivangurabwoko ryari ryaribasiye abahutu kuva mu kinyejana cya 16 kugeza kiriya gihe, no kwemeza ko nta bwoko bugomba gusumba ubundi;

2)gukuraho ubwikanyize(monopole) bw’abatutsi muri politiki, mu butegetsi, mu bukungu, mu mibereho myiza, no mu burezi;

3)guca urugomo n’akarengane byakorerwaga abanyarwnda bo mu bwoko bw’abahutu mu Rwanda;

4)gukuraho akazi k’uburetwa no gukubitwa ibiboko byakorerwaga abahutu, bakajya bahembwa amafaranga angana n’umurimo bakoze aho gukora badahembwa;

5) Leta kwemeza umutungo w’ubutaka wa buri munyarwanda, isambu ye akayigengaho;
6)kwishyira ukizana mu kuvuga no kwandika icyo umuntu atekereza;

7)uko nta bukoloni bw’umuzungu ku mwirabura ni nako nta bukoloni bw’umututsi ku muhutu;
8)abanyarwanda bose kureshya imbere y’amategeko;

9)gushyira abahutu mu nzego z’ubutegetsi, mu bakozi ba leta, bo mu ntara, bo mu turere, no mu bucamanza;

10)igihe kirageze kandi ko abayobozi b’intara, uturere, n’abacamanza batorwa n’abaturage;

11)guha amahirwe angana ku bana b’u Rwanda bose mu kwiga amashuli yisumbuye, amakuru na kaminuza;

12)kwibohoza kw’abahutu bakava mu bucakara bakagera kw’iterambere rya bose kandi muri byose : muri politiki, mu butegetsi, mu burezi, mu bukungu, umuco , n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage;

13)gukuraho ubwikanyize n’ubwiharire bw’abatutsi ku gihugu cyose n’ibyacyo byose, ibyiza by’igihugu bigasangirwa na bene kanyarwanda bose.

Kayibanda na bagenzi be bamaze kwandika iriya nyandiko ikubiyemo ibi byose n’ibindi byinshi tutiriwe dusubiramo, abatutsi 12 b’abajyanama b’Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa bashubije abahutu mu nyandiko yabo yo ku ya 18/5/1958 ko ntacyo bafite gusangira cy’igihugu kuko abasangira ibyiza by’igihugu ari abafite icyo bapfana , ko bo icyo bapfana ari uko abahutu(ba Kayibanda) bababera abagaragu abatutsi bakababera ba shebuja.

Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa n’abajyanama be b’i Bwami bamaze gusubiza ba Kayibanda n’agasuzuguro kangana kuriya, Kayibanda na bagenzi be bahise bafata icyemezo cyo gushinga ishyaka rya politiki ryo guharanira biriya byose bari basabye. Kw’italiki ya 9/10.1959 ni bwo bateraniye i Kabgayi na none maze batangiza ishyaka rya politiki bise Parti du Mouvement de l’Emancipation des Bahutu (PARMEHUTU) bashingiye kuri raporo y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye(ONU/UN) yo mu 1948 yasanze mu Rwanda hari ubucakara ku banyarwanda bo mu bwoko bw’abahutu igasaba ko habaho ukwibohora kwabo yise “Emancipation hutu”.

Abanyarwanda makumyabiri na batanu, bahereye ku bitekerezo byari bikubiye muri iriya nyandiko yiswe Manifeste y’abahutu yo ku ya 24/3/1957 , bateguye kandi bemeza amahame-remezo y’ ishyaka PARMEHUTU taliki ya 9/10/1959. Amazina y’abo banyarwanda ni aya: Kayibanda Gregoire, Mpakaniye Lazare, Sagahutu Jean, Ndabagumiye Thadee, Ntakayobazi Aloys, Liserurande Jean, Rwagahirima Gaspard, Sembwa Pierre, Rukeramihigo Isaac, Nkeramuheto Tharcisse, Karuta Tharcisse, Nkiranuye Calliope, Bizindoli Leopold, Niyonzima Maximilien, Mulindahabi Calliope, Habyarimana Jean, Muberabahizi Ladislas, Mbarubukeye Athanase, Ndendahayo Antoine, Ndimbira Stanislas, Semuhungu Boniface, Mbaraga Louis, Muvunankiko Gerard, Gashugi Theodore, na Banzi Wellars.

Taliki ya 15/11/1959, ishyaka ry’abatutsi Rassemblement Democratique Rwandais (RADER) ryari riyobowe n’igikomangoma Bwanakweli Prosper ryatangaje inyandiko ryise “La voix de la Paix(Ijwi ry’Amahoro)”, inyandiko yashyigikiraga ibyo Kayibanada na bagenzi be bandikiye Umwami Rudahigwa na Visi- Guverineri Mukuru w’u Rwanda taliki ya 24/3/1957. Bavuze ko bifite ishingiro kandi ko bikwiye guhita bishyirwa mu bikorwa, cyane cyane ibirebana n’isangira ry’ubutegetsi hagati y’abatutsi n’abahutu, no guhabwa imyanya kw’abahutu mu kazi ka leta no mu mashuli yisumbuye, amakuru, na Kaminuza.

Iyo usomye witonze ibikubiye muri iriya nyandiko y’ibyifuzo by’abahutu ya Kayibanda na bagenzi be yo kw’italiki ya 24/3/1957, ukareba uburyo yashyigikiwe n’abatutsi bo mw’ishyaka RADER ry’igikomangoma Bwanakweli Prosper, ubona bisa n’iby’ubu aho amashyaka ya opposition atavuga rumwe na FPR, yaba ayinganjemo abahutu yaba n’ayiganjemo abatutsi, yose avuga rumwe mu kurwanya leta ya FPR, kurwanya ivangurabwoko ryibasiye abahutu, guharanira isangira ry’ubutegetsi hagati y’abatutsi n’abahutu, guharanira ko ikigega cya leta gifasha n’abana b’abahutu kujya mu mashuli yisumbuye amakuru na Kaminuza aho gufasha abatutsi gusa, gutanga akazi muri leta no mu bucamanza hadakurikijwe ubwoko ahubwo hakurikijwe ubushobozi kugirango n’abahutu babone akazi muri leta ari benshi, guha amahoro abikorera utwabo bose, baba abahutu baba abatutsi, Leta ntijye kubavangira, kubabuza uburyo no kubahombya hakurikijwe ubwoko bwabo cyangwa se ikimenyane, guca urugomo rwa leta iriho n’akarengane, n’ibindi. Ibi byose biriho ubu amashyaka ya opposition atavuga rumwe na FPR asaba, aharanira, birasa n’ibyo Kayibanda na bagenzi be basabaga mu 1957. Biragaragara rero ko kuva icyo gihe, imyaka ishize ari 58 tutararenga amutaru! Inzira nta n’ubwo ikiri ndende gusa, ahubwo iracayri yose!

Perezida Gregoire Kayibanda wari kw’isonga ry’abanditse inyandiko yinjiye mu mateka y’u Rwanda yo ku ya 24/3/1957, yasize mu 1976 asabye ko bazandika ku mva ye aya magambo mu kilatini no mu kinyarwanda: “ Libertatem filiorum Dei”/ “Tubohore abana b’Imana”. Ubu mu 2015, kubohora u Rwanda n’abanyarwanda ni yo ntero ni yo nyikirizo mu mashyaka yose atavuga rumwe na leta ya Kagame na FPR ye; kujya kubohora u Rwanda n’abana b’u Rwanda bose no kubakura ko ngoyi y’agafuni kajanjagura umutwe nka kariya bicishije Assinapol Rwigara, umugozi ukebanya ijosi nk’uwo bicishije Col Karegeya, n’akandoyi gasatura agatuza nka kariya baziritse abo baroshye mu Kagera no mu kiyaga cya Rweru.

Bikorewe i Savannah muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika taliki ya 21/03/2015;

Dr. Gasana Anastase, umuyobozi w’ishyaka PRM/MRP-ABASANGIZI;

Mr. Mukeshimana Isaac, Visi-Perezida ushinzwe ibya politiki;

Mr. Batungwanayo Janvier, Visi-Perezida ushinzwe ihuzabikorwa by’ishyaka.

Niba ushaka kugira icyo utubaza cyangwa se kutwungura igitekerezo, twandikire kuri email y’ishyaka ryacu ari yo [email protected]