Mbere y’uko ngira icyo mvuga ku nyandiko yitwa ngo “Ntitugomba witiranya Genocide Yakorewe Abatutsi n’Abaguye mu Ntambara ya Tatien Ndolimana Miheto” reka ngire icyo mvuga ku Rwanda n’abanyarwanda muri rusange ndetse nanjye ndimo.
Impamvu abanyarwanda batazagira amahoro na limwe ni uko batagira ukuri. Ikibigaragaza ni mu muco wabo aho kubeshya babyita ubupfura naho kurimanganya bakabyita ubwenge. Icyo nicyo kibazo cyaranze ingoma z’abanyarwanda zo hambere ndetse n’izubu ni ubutiriganya burangwa na mpemuke ndamuke. Umunyarwanda niwe wenyine kw’isi muhura ukamubaza uti ugiye he ati ntaho kandi muby’ukuri agiye ikantarange. Umunyarwanda niwe muntu wenyine muganira aseka kandi muby’ukuri yamaze gutegura uburyo uraba utakiriho mumaze gutandukana. Ni nayo mpamvu usanga ubwiyunge no kubwizanya ukuri mu banyarwanda ari ikintu Imana yibagiwe kubaha ikimara kubarema. Ni nayo mpamvu abantu bamwe bihanukira bakabeshya ku manywa y”ihangu bihishe inyuma ya jenoside yabaye mu Rwanda.
Mbere y’uko nsubiza ku nyandiko ya Bwana Tatien Ndolimana Miheto ndagirango nivugeho gatoya kugirango yenda mumare igishika yuko nshobora kuba ntasomye inyandiko ye neza nkaba ngiye kuyivugaho ntayumva neza cyangwa se ntumva nibyo yanditseho. Ndagirango mubwire ko atari ko biri ahubwo ndatangira musobanurira we n’abandi nkawe yenda batumva jenoside neza nkawe ko mbifitiye ububasha mpabwa n’ubumenyi n’impamyabushobozi mfite binyemerera gusubiza kuri ibi yise “Analyse critique”
Ese Itsembatsemba ni iki?
Nk’uko bisobanurwa mu bitabo byinshi harimo ndetse n’imbuga nkoranyabuhanga zishakashaka ku byerekeye jenoside nka Holocaust Memorial Museum bigira bitya: ““Genocide,” a term used to describe violence against members of a national, ethnical, racial or religious group with the intent to destroy the entire group.” Bigira bitya biti: itsembatsemba ni ibikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi bikorerwa agatsiko runaka k’abantu, abantu b’umuryango runaka, abantu b’ubwoko runaka, cyangwa se abo mw’idini runaka, hagamijwe igikorwa cyo kuzimangatanya aka gatsiko cyangwa ubwoko runaka burundu.
Naho mu mategeko ya ONUcyangwaUN yo isobanura jenoside ku buryo bukurikira anaribwo yagendeyeho yita ibyabaye mu Rwanda ko ari genocide:
“Genocide is defined in Article 2 of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (1948) as “any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such: killing members of the group; causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part1 ; imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; [and] forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.” Muri make baragira bati: jenoside yitwa ko ari jenoside mu gihe habaye ubwicanyi bugambiriye kumaraho abantu b’agatsiko runaka, idini runaka, ubwoko runaka, abanyagihugu runaka, cyangwa se habayeho gukomeretsa abantu runaka, cyangwa gucunaguza no gutesa abantu kuburyo bubateza ububabare ndengakamere ku bushake kandi byateguwe kugirango abo bantu bamarweho bose burundu cyangwa se bamwe muri bo. Ikindi ni uko habaho imigambi yo gutuma abo bantu runaka batemererwa kororoka cyangwa se abana b’iyo miryango bakaba bajyanwa ahantu ku ngufu mu bundi bwoko butari ubwabo.
Muby’ukuri turebye ubu busobanuro burisobanuye neza kugirango tubone uko twumvikana na Bwana Ndolimana. Nitugendera kuri ibi byavuzwe haruguru turahita tubona ko mu Rwanda hatabaye genocide y’abatutsi gusa ahubwo habaye genocide y’abanyarwanda baba abahutu, abatwa, abatutsi ndetse n’abandi babaga mu Rwanda. Kubw’ibyo rero sinzi ahantu nk’umuntu nabonye asa naho ajijutse yirirwa atsindagira ijambo rya genocide yakorewe abatutsi kandi abona ntareme rigira mu banyarwanda uretse mu gatsiko ka Paul Kagame n’abambari be. N’uyu mugabo rero niba ali mwako gatsiko ni uburenganzira bwe bwo gutwerera abanyarwanda amazina y’ibinyoma hagamijwe inyungu za FPR na Paul Kagame. Ariko byaba bikomeje kubabaza cyane mu gihe ubu abanyarwanda twese twitegura kwibuka iya 6/04/ itariki itwibutsa Ishyano ryagwiriye abanyarwanda bose ubwo indege yahanurwaga na FPR maze ubwicanyi bw’inzirakarengane bugakurikiraho anaribwo tukivugaho umunsi wa none.
Bwana Ndolimana rero yatangiye inyandiko ye avugako agaya igikorwa cy’amashyaka FDU, RNC na PC Amahoro cyo kwibukira hamwe abatutsi bazize genocide yabakorewe n’abandi banyarwanda bose bishwe kuva kera kugeza ubu mu ntambara no mu bundi bwicanyi. Akomeza atwibutsako ibi bintu yanabikoze mu mwaka wa 2013 kuri za forums zinyuranye abanyarwanda tuganiriraho.
Mu by’ukuri rero sinzi niba abanyarwanda twagaya FDU-RNC-PC Amahoro ku gitekerezo cyabo kijyanye no kwibuka amahano yagwiririye u Rwanda kuva aho FPR iyobowe na Afande PC Kagame yahanuriye indege yari itwaye abapresident babiri b’abahutu aribo Habyarimana Juvenal na Cyprian Ntaryamira w’ u Burundi, cyangwa twagaya bwana Ndolimana wanga kurora aho ukuri guherereye muri iyi myaka irenga 20 ishize. Namugira inama yo kwongera gusoma ubusobanuro bwa jenoside abishyira ku Rwanda arahita asanga izina Ntutsi ryongerwaho ari intsindagira nyito yaje nyuma mugupfundikanya ikinyoma cya FPR na Bill Clinton kitari cyafashe mu gihe bavugaga ko mu Rwanda habaye genocide bagasanga bitabafasha nk’uko babishakaga cyane cyane ko abenshi mu rukiko Arusha bari bamaze kugirwa abere ku cyaha cyo gutegura genocide. Mu by’ukuri imvugo yawe ntabwo igamije kubaka kuko ihatse gukumira ukuri ndetse no kuguhotora kandi umutima nama wawe uzi neza ko ibyo ukubwira binyuranye n’ibyo wanditse aha.
Urashaka ko RNC,FDU, PC Amahoro ndetse n’abandi banyarwanda bashyira mu kuri nkanjye ngo dukoresha “commémoration ya genocide yakorewe abatutsi” kugirango tugushimishe hamwe n’abandi batekereza nkawe aho kuvugako hari “commemoration du genocide, crimes de guerre et crimes contre l’humanité”. Aho ngaho rwose bwaba ari ubushinyaguzi ndengakamere kuko nawe ubwawe uzi neza ko ibyo uvuga utabyemera kandi utanabihagarara imbere y’abantu b’abanyabwenge ngo ubibumvishe keretse bamwe baruma bahuha naho ukuri kurigaragaza nk’uko mbugusobanurira hasi aha mungongo zigera kuri eshatu:
- Genocide yakorewe abatutsi ndabona ari amakabya nkuru agamije kubakira ku marangamutima afite intego yo kugumya kubeshya abanyarwanda cyane cyane urubyiruko ruvutse mu myaka 25 ishize rutazi neza uko byagenze. Naho kubabyumva bo sinirirwa mbibasobanurira ahubwo nafata uyu mwanya ngirango nsobanurire abana babanyarwanda batarageza ku myaka 30 ibi bikurikira kugirango abantu nka Bwana Tatien Ndolimana badakomeza kudutobera amateka kandi atarayabo ahubwo ali amateka y’abanyarwanda bose tutitaye ku bwoko. Mu by’ukuri dore impamvu Bwana Ndolimana yigiza nkana kuri iyi ngingo:
- Mu mwaka wa 1990 mu kwezi kwa cumi abatutsi bibumbiye mu mutwe witwa FPR bateye u Rwanda baturutse Uganda bafite umugambi wo gukuraho ingoma y’Abahutu ku buryo bushoboka bwose ndetse halimo no kwica abahutu benshi bishoboka mu gihe kigufi gishoboka. Ni muri urwo rwego FPR yaje yica umuhutu wese wagize ibyago agahura nayo ku nzira yayo. Habaye imishikirano kugirango abatutsi bo muli FPR bahabwe ubutegetsi bavugaga ko barwanirira. N’ubwo bari 14% byabatuye u Rwanda Habyarimana yabahaye 40% by’ubutegetsi bwose kugirango bareke kwica abahutu b’inzirakarengane. Ibyo ariko n’ubwo yari deal nziza FPR iyobowe na Paul Kagame n’abandi batutsi ntibabyemeye kuko Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amarika yari yabijejeko izabafasha gufata u Rwanda rwose maze bakarwirukanamo abahutu. Niko byagenze mu kwezi kwa 4 tariki ya 6/1994 FPR iyobowe n’abatutsi yahanuye indege ya Habyarimana maze na mugenzi we wu Burundi barapfa nabo bari kumwe. FPR ihita itangira gahunda yayo yo gufata ubutegetsi ku ngufu ibifashijwemo na Uganda na US, UK. Iki ni icyaha cy’iterabwoba cyagombye kuba cyarakurikiranywe n’amahanga ariko kubera Amerika ntibishoboka.
- Ikindi ni uko indege imaze guhanurwa abatutsi barapfuye ni ukuri ariko ukuri ni uko twese abanyarwanda tuzi neza ko ataribo benshi bishwe nk’uko bigaragazwa n’imibare itangwa na leta ya FPR ubwayo n’uko ahubwo abahutu aribo benshi bishwe kandi bakaba barishwe na FPR. Ahangaha dukurikije ya definition ya genocide ya UN ahubwo genocide yagombye kwitirirwa abahutu kuko FPR yateguye guhanura indege no kugaba ibitero igamije kwica abahutu bashoboka bose kugeza ifashe ubutegetsi. Niba ugirango ndabeshya reka ngufashe mu mibare. FPR y’abatutsi itera muri 1990 u Rwanda rwacu nawe rwari rutuwe na millioni tuvuge 6 n’ubwo zari zitagezeyo ariko FPR ivugako zari zigezeyo. Muli Milioni 6 harimo Abatutsi 14%, Abahutu 85%, Abatwa 1%. Muri aba bose IBUKA yivugirako hishwe abatutsi abarenga milioni imwe, hakarokoka abatutsi ibihumbi 500. Dukoresheje imibare y’abantu batekereza nka Ndolimana dore igisubizo turi buze kubona. Fata 6,000,000 z’abanyarwanda muri 1994 maze ushake 85% 6.000.000 aribo bahutu barahwana na 5,100,000. Nibo bahutu bali mu Rwanda mbere y’uko na FPR ibahukamo n’udufuni muri za Ruhengeri na Byumba. Ongera ufate 6,000,000 z’abanyarwanda bari mu Rwanda muli 1994 maze dushakemo umubare w’abatutsi uko wanganaga muri icyo gihe. Ubwo ni 14% bya 6000000 turabona 840,000 by’Abatutsi mu Rwanda rwa 1994. Naho Abatwa bo turasanga bari munsi y’ibihumbi 100 aribyo 60,000. Dukoresheje imibare tumaze kubona dushaka ubusobanuro bwa genocide y’Abatutsi cyangwa se y’Abahutu cyangwa Abanyarwanda turakoresha imibare yo muri Ibuka itubwirako muli 6000,000 z’abanyarwanda hapfuye milioni imwe y’Abatusi isaga mu gihe cya genocide ni ukuvugako dufashe 840,000 by’abatutsi bali mu Rwanda icyo gihe tukicamo 1000000 abatutsi bose bali mu Rwanda abahutu babamazeho ndetse harengaho -160,000 twavugako byari iby’abahutu bafanyaga na FPR cyangwa se bamwe bamenyerewe kwitwa Hutu moderés nka madame Agatha Uwiringiyimana. Reka nemeranye na Bwana Ndolimana Tatien noneho tuzeko kuvugako imibare yabo ariyo da…ko hishwe bariya bose b’abatutsi. None se IBUKA ikurahe ibihumbi 500,000 by’Abacikacumu ihora isabira imfashanyo? Ni ukuvuga ko mu bihumbi 840,000 by ‘Abatusi dukuyemo ibihumbi 500 bya IBUKA dusanga harapfuye abatutsi 360,000. Nabyo birababaje kuko ntibari bakwiye kwicwa. Ariko ikibazo gisigaye ni ukutubwira uwishe ibindi 640,000 by’Abandi banyarwanda batari abatutsi aribo Abatwa n’Abahutu. Niba ataribyo IBUKA yaratubeshye mu mibare rero harapfuye abarenze abo tumaze kubona haruguru nabwo IBUKA igomba kugarura amafranga y’abanyarwanda yakoresheje ku mibare y’abantu batariho aribyo twita Ghost Figures. Iyi mibare rero abahanga kundusha musanze ari ukuri twahita tubwira Bwana Ndolimana ko ari umushinyaguzi iyo yirirwa ahogoza amahanga ngo habaye genocide Ntutsi.
- Ikindi namwibariza kandi ntaratindaho ni uko yagombye kugira icyo asobanurira abanyarwanda akurikije definition ya UN kubyabereye i Kibeho na Congo aho amamillioni y’abahutu bishwe kuberako ari abahutu ali ntakindi kandi mu buryo buteguwe neza kandi bugambiriwe n’abatutsi bibumbiye muri FPR.
Kuba uyu mugabo yibwirako kwirirwa babeshyera abanyarwanda babashinja ibyo batakoze gusa kuberako bafite une force politique ibavugira ntibikuraho ibyaha byakorewe abanyarwanda harimo na genocide yakorewe Abahutu ariko bakaba bayirengagiza bakavuga bati ntacyo bimaze kuvugan ngo genocide yakorewe abahutu kandi tuzi neza ko n’abatutsi bishwe. Ahari nagira uyu mugabo Inama kuzasoma amahame agenderwaho na commission za South Africa, Liberia, Sierra Leone m ubyo bise Commission for Justice, Truth and Reconciliation (CJTR). Bamwe birinda kurira kurusha abandi kugirango habeho koroherana. Ariko iyo mpano yahishwe abanyarwanda. Abandi bayimira ishyushye bati ni genocide yakorewe abatutsi kandi n’imibare yabo ubwabo ibabeshyuza. Gusa bwana Ndolimana nibyiza kwandika nawe izina ryawe rikaboneka mu nyurabwenge abanyarwanda dufite ariko ntiwagombye kwitiranya ibyabaye ku bayahudi nibyo mwebwe ubwanyu mwikoreye. Abayahudi ntabwo bigeze batera u Budage. Abayahudi ntibigeze bahanura indege ya Hitler. Abayahudi ntibari bafite ingabo ku butaka bw’ubudage. Abayahudi ntibigeze bafatanwa intwaro mu gihe cyo kubasaka ngo babasangane ifatanyamugambi yo kwica abadage. Ariko ibyo mvuze haruguru byose abenshi mubatutsi barabikoze kandi na n’ubu bakibikora. Utugiriye neza rero wareka kuturira abana ngo uturushe kurira kuko icyo tuzize tukiziranyeho nawe.
Naho kuba abatutsi mwishimiye uko babibuka kuva 1995 kugeza uyu munsi muri 2015 byo ntitwabitindaho. Ahubwo wagombye kuba wanabiha 1000% kuko ntawashidikanyako mutabyungukiyemo cyane. Icya mbere cyo abana banyu bigira ubusa permis ya mbere ugomba kuba uri umututsi cyangwa se ufitanye igisanira n’Abatutsi. Waba uri umwana w’umututsi waturutse Uganda, Congo,Burundi,TZ, ndetse no mu kwezi ufite uburenganzira bwo kwigira ubusa amashuri yawe yose ndetse n’imahanga ukajyayo witwako uri umututsi w’umucikacumu. Ibyo sinabitindaho kuko iyo ari intsinzi yanyu. Ariko wareka kubabaza abana b’abahutu bahambye ababyeyi babo za Kagitumba, Kiramuruzi, Mimuli, Ngarama, Kiyombe, Butaro, Kigali, Kibeho, Tingitingi n’ahandi bazira ko ari abahutu ubu bakaba balimo kwicirwa n’amavunja hano mu Rwanda ndetse na FPR ikaba yarabaciye ku muhanda. Kuko mwirirwa muvugako u Rwanda rudatuwe n’abakene na gato ahubwo u Rwanda rugarukiye mu mijyi ya Kigali, Mutara, na Huye. Ibyo nabyo ni uburenganzira bwanyu kuko mwafashe igihugu n’abacyo.
Uti ibyiza bikorwa na FPR. Mu by’ukuri ibi ntawabitindaho. Kuko bigaragara ko inyandiko yawe ari iyubukangurambaga bwa FPR kandi unarabyemerewe gusa ujye wirinda gutoneka abantu. Kuvuga ngo Management ya genocide wiyibagije ko muri 1998 hari hemejwe inama yo gutera itabi mu karere ka Ruhengeri na Gisenyi kuko mwari mwamaze kwica abahatuye bose abandi batorongereye mu mashyamba. Ese iyo uvuga utyo ujya wibuka ko hari abana babo babyeyi barokotse agafuni na Songamana za FPR muri utwo duce kandi nabo ari abantu nkawe? Uti mubyiza FPR yakoze wavuga halimo program ya Ndi umunyarwanda. Mu by’ukuri uli kuvuga iby’ukuri kuko Ndi Umunyarwanda kuri twebwe tuyizi neza yafashije abana b’abatutsi benshi kujya kwiga hanze maze ifasha n’abantu ba FPR basezerewe mu gisirikali mu kujya kwaka ubuhungiro hanze biyita impunzi kandi mu by’ukuri ari aba DMI bajya kuniga impunzi uwa kajwiga. Uti ese FPR ikoresha ndi umunyarwanda ite muguteza imbere inyoko ntutsi? Ubundi nkatwe dukora mu bintu bya education hano mu Rwanda, hari za bourses nyinshi ziboneka zagombye guhabwa abana b’abanyarwanda bakajya kwiga hanze nko muli US,UK,Canada, France, Germany, NZ, Australia n’ibindi bihugu. Iyo izo bourses zije leta ya FPR ifata scholarship nziza ikaziha abana b’abatutsi akaba aribo bajya kwiga hanze ariko bitwa ngo ni Abanyarwanda. Iyo itanze rapport ivugako yohereje Abanyarwanda hanze 100. Ariko 89% aba ari abatutsi abasigaye ari inkehwa z’abahutu.
Kuvuga ko yacyuye EX-FAR ntiwagombye kwiyibagiza ko tugifite ibihumbi birenga 20000 bya FDLR muri Congo. Naho gucyura impunzi zirenga 3.000.000 ibakuye Congo, Tanzanie, Burundi n’ahandi, iyo uba uri umunyabwenge wagombye kwibaza uti ese muri DR Congo ho honyine hari impunzi z’abahutu zingahe? Nkwigishijeho gato mu mwaka wa 2013 UNHCR yasanze Congo igifite hagati ya yibihumbi 250 na 350 by’impunzi. Ikindi nakubwira ni uko niba mwaracyuye ibihumbi 300 mukica millioni 2 izo ntabwo ari impuhwe mwagiriye abahutu ahubwo mubatunze kugirango bakomeze babahe imisoro nta kindi mubabitsemo. Niba unashaka umwanya muri leta yanyu ujye ubikorana ubwenge cyane cyane iyo wandika ibintu birasesengurwa n’abantu nkatwe tujijutse kandi tudatinya kukubwira uko tubibona. Ushaka wakwiyandikira kubyerekeranye n’imyidagaduro aho kwinjira mu bibazo bya politiki y’u Rwanda mbona utarajijukirwa nta kintu byagutwara wakomeza ukabona uburyo izina ryawe rigaragara mu banditsi ariko udakomeje gutoneka abanyarwanda kuko ibyo mumaze gukora muri iyi myaka 20 biraduhagije.
Mu gihe twibuka kw’iyi ncuro iby’amahano ya genocide yakorewe abanyarwanda ndetse n’ubundi bwicanyi ndengakamere leta ya FPR yakoreye kandi igikomeza gukorera abanyarwanda, igihe kirageze ngo dutekereze by’ubwenge. Hari ibibazo bitatu umuntu ashobora kwibaza mbere y’uko ajya ku karubanda ati ndimo kwandika ku kibazo cya politiki nyarwanda:
1) Ese iyi nyandiko nifuzako abana banjye nibaba abagabo cyangwa inkumi bazajya bayisomerwa na bagenzi babo badahuje ubwoko bakishima bati harya kweli Papa yari umuntu ushyira mu kuri?
2) Ese ibi mvuga bilimo ubwenge cyangwa ndimo kuramira inda yanjye kuri uyu munsi iby’ejo bibara abejo ntacyo bimbwiye igihe cyose iyi nyandiko irampa umugati w’uyu munsi.
3)Ese ndimo kunganisha banyarwanda cyangwa nibereye muri politiki nshyuhaguzakuri igamije gukomeza kugira bamwe ruharwa abandi ibasingiza kandi aribo ba nyirabayazana?
Ikigaragara cyo ni uko abantu bashyira mu kuri bagombye gushigikira RNC,FDU,PA Amahoro kuri gahunda nziza nyoborakuri barimo. Kuko niyo twese twifuza. Naho gukomeza tukarebera abantu bamira ukuri nka Bwana Tatien Ndolimana wihanukira ati Abatutsi bishwe mu Rwanda bari milioni imwe kandi adashobora kubyerekana in a more statistical way ni ukwiyandarika. Ukuri ntikwica umutumirano ariko politiki irisha amagambo.
Jeff NCUNGUYUMUREMYI
