Mu nyandiko yiswe “Resistance: igisubizo k’ubutegetsi bubi nk’ubw’ingoma ya FPR”yasohotse ku rubuga ikazeiwacu.unblog.fr kuwa 19 Mata 2014, Jean Paul Romeo Rugero arahamagarira Abanyarwanda gufata intwaro bakarwanya ubutegetsi bwa FPR kuko ngo ariyo nzira yonyine ishobora kugamburuza Kagame Paul n’agatsiko k’abicanyi bigaruriye Abanyarwanda.
Reka ariko mbanze nibutse Romeo ko resistance bitavuga gufata intwaro gusa nk’uko asa n’ushaka kubitwumvisha kandi nyamara amaze kuduha ibisobanuro by’iryo jambo. Resistance ni ukwanga kwemera(Refusal to comply). Mu isomo ry’ubugenge (physics) resistance bivuga imbaraga zose zituma igikorwa gihagarara, izigitinza, cyangwa se zituma icyo gikorwa kitagerwaho nta nkomyi. Muri context turimo igikorwa kivugwa ni ubutegetsi bw’igitugu. Ni ukuvuga rero ko ari ukoresha revolisiyo ya rubanda igendeye ku matwara ya non-violence active ari n’ufata intwaro agakuraho ubutegetsi bose baba bakoze resistance, kuko baba banze kwemera ubwo butegetsi. Bityo rero byumvikane neza ko umuntu wese uhitamo kujya muri opposition nyayo aba ari muri resistance keretse uwaba ayirimo ku izina. Mpereye kuri ibi ndasanga ari jye ari na Romeo twemera ko ubutegetsi bwa FPR bukeneye kurwanywa, gusa ntiduhuza uburyo byakorwamo kabone n’ubwo twese turi muri resistance.
I.Inyandiko ya Romeo
Ku muntu wese ukurikirira hafi politiki ya opposition y’u Rwanda arabona ko inyandiko ya Romeo igamije gushungura igitekerezo cya revolisiyo ishingiye ku mahame ya non violence active. Hashize iminsi Ishyaka Ishema ry’u Rwanda ritangaza ko umurongo nyawo ryahisemo wo kugeza Abanyarwanda ku butegetsi buzaca gatebe gatoki (cecle vicieux) y’ubwicanyi yaranze u Rwanda ari revolisiyo igendeye ku mahame ya non-violence active. Mu nyandiko itangiza Ishyaka Ishema ry’u Rwanda yo kuwa 28 Mutarama 2013, twemeje ko “dushyize imbere inzira y’amahoro kuko ariyo idasesa amaraso y’inzirakarengane kandi ikubahiriza uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu’.
Ishyaka Ishema ry’u Rwanda kandi ryakomeje gusobanurira abaturage impamvu twahisemo iyo nzira aho kwegura intwaro ngo turwane inkundura. Zimwe muri izo mpamvu zishingiye mu ngingo ebyiri nise feasibility (uburyo ibintu bishoboka) na sustainability (uburambe bw’umusaruro) ngiye gusobanura aha hasi. Nyuma y’aho buri wese araba asobanukiwe neza n’impamvu twahisemo iyi nzira ndetse abashe kwikorera igereranya hagati y’inzira zishobora kwiyambazwa mu kurwanya ubutegetsi bw’igitugu.
A.Uburyo ibintu bishobora gukorwa (feasibility).
Ubusanzwe abamenyereye iby’imishinga bita cyane ku mwitozo witwa feasibility study. Ni inyigo y’uburyo ibintu bizashoboka. Uribaza uti ese ko nshaka gutera kawa 1000 nzakenera amafaranga angahe? Aya amafaranga niyo akenewe ngo haboneke umurima, ingemwe, ifumbire, ayo guhemba abakozi, imiti yica udusimba, n’ibindi. Ikindi kandi ugomba kwibuka ko icyo ugamije atari ugutera kawa gusa, ahubwo ukeneye ko zizera ugatangira kugurisha ukabona inyungu. Ni ukuvuga ko muri iyo nyigo ugomba no kwiga amasoko ukareba uko ibiciro bihindagurika ukareba abandi bahinga kawa niba batazakubuza gucuruza n’ibindi.
Iyo iyi nyigo ikozwe neza igufasha gufata icyemezo cyo guhinga kawa cyangwa se kuyireka. Uyireka iyo ubonye ibyo uzakoresha (igishoro) biri munsi y’ibyo uzasarura (igicuruzo).
B.Uburambe bw’umusaruro (sustainability).
Aha wibaza uburyo uzakomeza ugasigasira umusaruro wawe, uburyohe bwa kawa, isoko, … kugira ngo ukomeze wunguke ndetse bigufashe gutera imbere kurushaho. Ntacyo byaba bimaze uramutse wejeje toni 20 umwaka wa mbere hanyuma umwaka ukurikiyeho ukeza toni imwe. Ntacyo byaba bimaze kawa yawe itaye uburyohe kurusha iyo wari ufite mbere kuko nta wakongera kuyigura. Ni ukuvuga ko inyigo yawe igomba kugaragaza uko kawa izakomeza kubaho kugeza aho ugarurije amafaranga washoye ndetse ukunguka birushijeho. Ubwo twakoresheje urugero rw’ubuhinzi reka twibutse ko ugomba no kureba niba kawa yawe aricyo gihingwa gitanga umusaruro uruta ibindi bikorwa bishobora gukorerwa kuri ubwo butaka. Ibi nibyo bita kwirinda amakimbirane mu mikoreshereze y’ubutaka (land use conflicts). Ushobora gusanga byaguha inyungu nyinshi kurushaho kawa uyitemye ugahinga ibishyimbo cyangwa se ukahubaka inzu ikodeshwa!
II. Revolisiyo ya rubanda ishingiye ku mahame ya non-violence active
Ni inzira ikoreshwa mu kuvanaho ubutegetsi bwigize kagarara mu gutoteza rubanda. Icyo isaba cya mbere ni uko abaturage basobanukirwa n’amahame yayo. Abaturage bagomba kubanza kumva ko aribo batanga ubutegetsi n’ubushobozi bukoreshwa n’ agatsiko kabategeka maze kakabakubitisha inkoni biciriye. Ubutegetsi bukenera imisoro n’amahoro ngo bubeho, bukenera umuganda w’abaturage, imirimo yose ikorwa n’abaturage rimwe na rimwe bakabeshywa ko bahembwa nyamara wareba ugasanga bahabwa intica ntikize mu gihe ababategeka bahembwa akayabo. Usanga abaturage aribo bakiriya (clients) b’amaduka n’ibindi bikorwa biha amafaranga agatsiko. Ibi byose ntibyajya mbere abaturage banze kubitera inkunga. Igikuru muri byose ariko, abaturage nibo batora ababayobora. Niyo mpamvu twibutsa ko mu gihe cy’amatora ububasha bwose buba bwasubijwe rubanda.
Benshi muri twe twibuka umugabo Martin Luther King muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika wahamagariye Abirabura kwanga kugenda mu modoka z’abazungu mu rwego rwo kwanga ivangura. Ibi mu Rwanda birashoboka cyane kandi nta n’igiceri cy’ifaranga bigusaba ngo bikorwe. Na Romeo ubwe arabizi. Mu Rwanda hari inganda n’amahoteri, amaduka n’ama bus biha amafaranga abagize agatsiko. Uruganda rw’amata yitwa Inyange ni urwa madamu Jeannette Kagame. Ndamutse nanze kunywa amata ngahitamo kwinywera rutuku nta wankubita cyangwa ngo ayampe ku ngufu. Hari Bralirwa nayo iri mu nganda zizanira Agatsiko amafranga menshi. Nyamara nshobora kwanga kunywa biere nkanywa urwagwa, ninde uzaza kumpatira kuyinywa ? Birumvikana hari abazumva agatima karehareha bakumva batayireka. Ariko nyine niyo mpamvu ari urugamba nk’urundi, ntacyo wageraho utigomwe.
Hari ibindi bikorwa byinshi abantu bakora kandi bemererwa n’amategeko. Urugero umunsi umwe abadamu bose bo mu gihugu bavuze ko bagiye mu kwezi imihango) ntibajye ku kazi icyumweru byagenda gute? Tekereza abarimu bose mu gihugu barwaye mu nda umunsi w’ibizamini! Tekereza twese twanze kugenda mu ma bus ya FPR! Ese byagenda bite twanze kujya kureba umupira ko na FERWAFA yamaze gufatwa na FPR? Ibi ni ibintu bishoboka cyane kandi nta mafaranga dukeneye ngo tubikore igikenewe ni uko buri wese asobanukirwa n’impamvu yabyo. Na Romeo arabivuga ariko agasa n’aho atabisobanukiwe.
Ni ukuvuga ko urebye feasibility y’iyi nzira usanga ishoboka cyane kuko nta gishoro kinini bidusaba. Icyo dukeneye ni ukumara ubwoba abaturage. Wari uziko igihugu cy’u Rwanda ubu kibarirwa abasirikare bagera ku bihumbi ijana. Ni ukuvuga ko umusirikare umwe arinda abaturage 110. Twongeyeho polisi local defense n’inkeragutabara byagera hafi ku bihumbi 300. Ni ukuvuga ko ku baturage 37 haba hari umuntu umwe ushinzwe umutekano. Koko se urumva bidateye agahinda ko umuntu umwe apfukamisha abantu hafi 40 akabategeka kurya amazirantoki bakayamira bunguri? Habura iki? Akanyabugabo ko kuvuga ngo turanze. Ya resistance twavugaga.
Icyiza cy’iyi nzira ni uko nyuma yayo abagiye ku butegetsi nta myenda myinshi baba barimo, ntibaba kandi baritabaje ibihugu by’amahanga ngo bizabishyuze nyuma. Ikindi ni uko nta byaha baba bikoreye bityo baba bazi ko bashobora kuzava ku butegetsi ntihagire ubajyana mu nkiko. Baba barakoranye na rubanda ku buryo rubanda ibibonamo. Ntibagira iterabwoba akenshi rikunze kuranga abafashe ubutegetsi binyuze mu gisirikare.
III.Inzira y’intambara mu kurwanya igitugu
Ni inzira ikunze kwitabazwa n’abantu benshi. Mu kare k’ibiyaga bigari yarakoreshejwe cyane muri Uganda, Rwanda, Repubulika iharanira demokarasi ya Congo, u Burundi. Icyo dukwiye kwibaza ni ukureba niba ishoboka ubu mu gihugu cy’u Rwanda.
Iyo ugereranyije Intambara na ya nzira y’amahoro turangije kubona haruguru usanga isaba byinshi cyane. Isaba base arrière, ni ukuvuga aho abasirikare bisuganyiriza, bahagurukira ndetse bakahavurira inkomere, bakahogereza imbunda bakahakirira amasasu yatumijwe, n’ibindi. Kugira ngo iyi base iboneke hagomba kuba igihugu cyemera kuyitanga. Hagomba abasirikare bahagije kandi bahora biyongera kuko ari nako baba bapfa buri munsi. Hagomba amafaranga yo kugura ibibatunga, imyambaro, amasasu, imbunda nshya zigezweho, technology y’itumanaho, amaradio ya gisirikare, ibikoresho by’ubutasi. Intambara kandi ikenera na diplomacy iyisobanura. Mu by’ukuri ku bakunda intambara, kwica si icyaha, icyaha ni ukutamenya gutanga ibisobanuro. Abakora diplomacy rero bagomba kuba bemewe mu ruhando mpuzamahanga badahigwa, bagomba kuba bafite ibya ngombwa ngo babashe kuzenguruka amahanga basobanura gahunda zabo, bashakisha ubufasha n’ibindi. Kuzenguruka amahanga ntibikorwa ku maguru cyangwa ku gitogotogo nabyo bisaba amafaranga. Ubwo abashaka intambara nabo batubwira ibyo bafite uko bingana.
IV.Kuki nahitamo inzira ya revolisiyo ishingiye kuri non violence kurusha intambara?
Icya mbere base arrière yarabuze. Uganda niyo yaremye Kagame iramushyigikira. Kugeza ubu nta kigaragaza ko Roho mutagatifu azamanukira kuri Museveni akamutegeka ko agomba gufasha abarwanya Kagame. Tanzania ni igihugu cyikundira amahoro. Ikindi ubu perezida Kikewete asigaje imyaka ibiri gusa akigira muri pension. Ntashaka kwiteranya na Kagame werekanye ko ari umurwayi bagira inama akabyita igitutsi. Congo ni akaduruvayo gasa. U Burundi bwananiwe kwiyubaka ku buryo usanga atari ahantu hakwizerwa.
Uretse base arrière kandi ikibazo cy’amikoro kirakomeye. Imbunda zirahenda,amasasu arahenda imiti n’abaganga, diplomacy mpuzamahanga biragoye cyane kuyumvisha ibibazo bya opposition idafite rubanda rwose ruyiri inyuma.
Tubaye nk’abasubiza amaso inyuma, FPR Inkotanyi yateje intambara mu Rwanda zivuga ko ziharanira uburenganzira bw’Abatutsi. Kugira ngo zifate ubutegetsi hari hasigaye mbarwa kuko abenshi bahaguye, hagwa abahutu batagira ingano ndetse n’abanyamahanga barishwe. Kubera ko FPR izi ko yafashe ubutegetsi ikoresheje imbunda igomba no kuburindisha imbunda. Ihora ikeka amababa uwo ari we wese kuko izi ko benshi batayikunda. Iyo iza kuba yarakoze igikorwa cya rubanda ntacyo yari kwikanga kuko rubanda yari kwibona mu musaruro wagezweho. FPR yagwatirije igihugu yemerera abayifashaga urugamba ibintu byinshi kugira ngo ibashe kubona ibikenerwa n’urugamba. Uyu munsi wa none gushaka kurwanya FPR bisaba kuyirusha diplomacy, abasirikare, imbunda n’amasasu. Ubwo uzashaka kuyirwanya azumve ko bishoboka, yego, ariko yereke Abanyarwanda uko uwo mushinga uri feasible, igihe uzamara n’uburyo umusaruro uzasigasirwa.
Gusa nanone iyo ngereranyije izi nzira zombi, nsanga iya mbere ariyo yarushaho kutworohera naho iya kabiri yo simvuga ko idashoboka ariko irasaba byinshi tudafite. Ikindi izakurura impunzi imene amaraso menshi twongere dusubire kuri case départ.
Umwanzuro
Mu gusoza rero nta shiti ko igisubizo cyihuse kiri muri revolisiyo ya rubanda ishingiye ku mahame ya non-violence active. Aya mahame atuma umuntu yambura umunyagitugu imbaraga nyamara atamukozeho. Nta tegeko rihana umuntu wanze kurya icyo adashaka. Revolisiyo igira imbarutso kandi muri iyi minsi hari ebyiri zishoboka:
Iya mbere ni uko Kagame ashaka guhindura itegekonshinga. Abanyamahanga bamaze kumwihanangiriza ko atagomba kugundira ubutegetsi nawe abizeza ko ariwe mutegetsi ntangarugero, ko azubahiriza itegekonshinga. Kuryubahiriza ni ukutongera kwiyamamaza. Ashobora rero gushyugumbwa agashaka kurihindura maze agasaba abaturage ngo bakore referendum. Ngiyo imbarutso ya revolisiyo kuko tuzahagurukira rimwe tukamuvugiriza induru maze abaturage 40 bakaba biteguye guhangana n’ushinzwe umutekano umwe uziha kubarwanya.
Indi mbarutso ishoboka ni amatora ya 2017. Kagame aramutse adahinduye itegekonshinga ashobora gushyiraho umuntu yizeye cyane azakoresha maze FPR ikamutangaho umukandida. FPR ntikunzwe na busa,nk’uko yabimenyereye nitsindwa amatora iziha ibyo kwiba amajwi bityo abaturage bamaze kurambirwa bayivunderezeho ubumara bw’umujinya yabateye imyaka ikaba ibaye 20. Ng’uko uko umukandida uzaba yatanzwe na opposition kandi Ishyaka Ishema ryarangije kumugena, azagera ku butegetsi maze akimakaza ingoma y’amahoro. Ibi nta base arriere bisaba, diplomacy ubwayo irikora kuko ntawavuguruza abaturage bavuze ijambo ryabo binyuze mu nzira zemewe n’amategeko. Ninde utabona ko uyu ari umushinga ujya mbere?
ICYITONDERWA : Ushaka kumenya neza ibyerekeye Revolisiyo ishingiye ku mahame ya non-violence,agasobanukirwa uko itegurwa n’uko ishyirwa mu bikorwa, yakurikira ibiganiro 10 byitwa Inzira y’amahoro Radiyo Ijwi rya rubanda yagiranye na Padiri Thomas Nahimana , Umuyobozi w’Ishyaka Ishema, akaba n’Umukandida uzahagararira iryo shyaka mu matora y’umukuru w’igihugu yo mu 2017.
Muragahorana Ishema
Chaste Gahunde
Umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa.
Umuvugizi wa Kongere y’ISHEMA 2014.
ISHEMA ry’u Rwanda.
