Mu kwezi gushize nanditse article yasohotse mu kinyamakuru Ikaze iwacu nvuga ko abanyeshuli basaga ibihumbi 18 baba barabuliwe irengero (1). Hagomba kuba hari abantu bibwira ko ari ibigambo by’abatavugarumwe n’ubutegetsi nkuko basanzwe bavuga. Iyi nkuru rero nyigarutseho kuko hali indi information yabonetse itumye nyigarukaho.
Kw italiki ya 21 Ukwakira (ukwa cumi) 2014, ikinyamakuru Igihe mu nyandiko yacyo : « Abanyeshuri 165,000 batangiye ibizamini bya Leta bisoza amashuli abanza. » Igihe ivuga ko uwo mubare wagabanutse ho 7,997 (hafi ibihumbi umunani) ugereranije n’umwaka ushize. Umwaka ushize Ibuka ivuga ko abali bakoze ibizamini bya Leta bali 173 281 (2)
Nkuko nigeze mbivuga hambere, igihe nandikaga kunkuru yali yasohotse mukinyamakuru Igihe ivuga iby’abasirikari bigishwaga gusoma, hali inkuru zinyura mubinyamakuru, wazisoma witonze ugatahuramo ibintu byinshi. Niko bili rero n’iyi nyandiko y’ikinyamakuru Igihe yerekeranye n’umubare w’abanyeshuri bakoze ibizamini bya Leta birangiza amashuli abanza, iragira ibyo ishimangira twavuze kw’ibura ry’abanyeshuri barenga ibihumbi cumi n’umunani (18 000).
Abaturage b’u Rwanda bagenda biyongera buli mwaka. Dore uko bagiye biyongera mumyaka yashize. Muli 2001 hali 7 313 000, muli 2005 hali 9 524 000, Muli 2012 10 482 641 (3). Iyo mibare iratwereka ko abaturage b’u Rwanda bagenda biyongera buli munsi.
Ikibazo twibaza rero ni iki : Bishoboka bite ko mugihe abaturage b’u Rwanda biyongera buli mwaka, mugihe Leta y’u Rwanda ivuga ko n’ubukungu bwayo bugenda bwiyongera buli mwaka, muyandi magambo ko igihugu ngo kigenda kirushaho gukira buli mwaka; bishoboka bite ko umubare w’abana barangiza icyiciro cya Primaire wo wagabanutse? Umwaka wa 2014 (165 000) naho 2013 (173 281)
Abanyeshuri bakoze ibizamini bya Leta birangiza Primaire dore uko imibare yagiye ikurikirana, ari nako yagiye yiyongera usibye muli 2011 (5) : 2009 : 157 754, 2010 : 161 287, 2011 : 154 954, 2012 : 166 154, 2013 : 172 269, 2014 : 165 000
Dukurikije imibare yavuzwe haruguru, abaturage muri rusange mu Rwanda bagenda biyongera buri mwaka. Wasobanura ute ko umubare wagabanutse uyu mwaka 2014 = 165 000 ugereranije n’umwaka ushize 2013 = 173 281 umubare utangwa na Igihe na 172 269 umubare dukura mumibare itangwa na Leta (6) ?
Dore aho igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo kiri. Impanvu zishoboka zishobora gutuma umubare w’abanyeshuli barangiza Primaire ugabanuka murugero rukabije nkurwo nizi:
- Ko haba harabaye irwara y’icyaduka cyangwa intambara yaba yarahitanye abana barangiza Primaire muli 2013
- Ko abanyeshuri barangiza Primaire baba baravuye mw ishuli bagahitamo kwibera iwabo murugo kubera impanvu zinyuranye
- Ko abanyrshuri baba barabuliwe irengero
Impanvu yambere ntiyabayo kuko nta rwara y’icyorezo cyangwa intambara byabaye mu Rwanda muli 2013.
Impanvu yakabiri siyo kuko abana bagera kubihumbi umunani (8 000) bavuye mw ishuri bagahitamo kwibera iwabo, abarimu n’ubutegetsi bwa Leta babimenya, bakaba baragize icyo babivugaho.
Impanvu yagatatu turabona ariyo. Ibyo biraza gushimangira inkuru twatangaje tuvuga ko abanyeshuri bagera kubihumbi 18 000 baba baraburiwe irengero. Nimba ibyo bihumbi munani (8 000) ari ibyabarangiza Primaire gusa, ntabwo bitangaje ko ibindi bihumbi cumi bisigaye ali ibyabanyeshuri bo kuva muwa mbere kugeza muwa gatanu.
Icyo twongera gusaba Leta y’u Rwanda na Institutions zishinzwe abana mu Rwanda: Gukora I perereza, bagasobanura aho abo bana bagiye.
Icyo dusaba imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bw ikiremwa muntu: Gukora i perereza, bakamenya irengero ry’abo bana cyangwa bagasobanura ukuntu umubare w’abana barangiza Primaire waba waragabanutse muli 2014 no muli 2011 kandi ahubwo waragombaga kwiyongera.
Icyo dusaba aba depite n’aba senateri bo mu Rwanda, aho kuba inkoma mashyi:
- Gutanga ubusobanuro kuri ibi bibazo: ibura irengero ry’abana babanyeshuri bagera ku bihumbi cumi n’umunani muli 2013, n’igabanuka ry’umubare w’abana bakoze ibizamini bya Leta birangiza Primaire muli 2014.
- Kugaragaza uduce twurwanda uwo mubare w’ibihumbi munani wagabanutse mo
- Mugihe bavuga ko u Rwanda rwateye imbere mu burezi, gusobanura impanvu hatangira mu wa mbere wa Primaire abana barenze ibihumbi maganatandatu mirongo itanu (650 000) ariko hakagera mu wa gatandatu wa Primaire abana bagera gusa kubihumbi ijana na mirongo inani (180 000) (6). Ni ukuvuga hafi purusa 28 (28%) gusa z’abana batangira uwambere nibo bagera muwagatandatu wa Primaire? Abandi bajyahe, biterwa n’iki, bazabaho bate, bataranarangije Primaire?
Ibyo ni bimwe mubibazo mwagombye kuba mwibaza, byakwerekana ko mubereyeho guteza abanyarwanda rubanda nyamwinshi n’u Rwanda imbere.
Jotham Rwamiheto
Montreal
Impirimbanyi ya Demokarasi: Imbunda yanjye ni ikaramu, amasasu yanjye ni ibitekerezo.
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Ibyunganira inyandiko
- Ikaze iwacu, Abanyeshuli basaga ibihumbi 18 (18 000) baba barabuliwe irengero (http://ikazeiwacu.fr/2014/09/01/rwanda-abanyeshuli-basaga-ibihumbi-18-18-000-baba-baraburiwe-irengero/ )
- Igihe, Abanyeshuli 165,000 batangiye ibizamini bya Leta bisoza amashuli abanza (http://www.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abanyeshuri-165-000-batangiye )
- Rwanda 4th Population and Housing Census 2012 (http://www.lmis.gov.rw/scripts/publication/reports/Fourth%20Rwanda%20Population%20and%20Housing%20Census_Population_Projections.pdf )
- Republic of Rwanda, Ministry of Education , 2013 Education Statistical Yearbook, published in September 2014 . Umubare official wa Leta wo uvuga 172, 269.
- Ibid, Republic of Rwanda, Ministry of Education
- Ibid, p.22
