Mu minsi ishize nakoze urugendo mu Rwanda ku buryo nagize amahirwe yo kwitabira inama zinyuranye mu gihugu ziyobowe n’abayobozi bo mu nzego zo hejuru nk’inama nkuru y’umushyikirano, inama zirebana na gahunda za ndi umunyarwanda ndetse nanahuye na bamwe mu bayoboz bo hejuru tugirana biganiro brebana n’aho u Rwanda rugeze haba mu iterambere, muri demokarasi, mu mibereho myiza y’abaturage, mu bukungu bw’igihugu ndetse twanaganiriye no ku mashyaka akorera hanze no ku mpunzi ziri hanze y’igihugu z’abanyarwanda. Ntawabivuga ngo abirangize byose tuzabiganiraho buhoro buhoro ariko ndabaha muri macye uko nabonye u Rwanda n’abanyarwanda.
Kwitabira uru rugendo kwanjye rero byaje bikurikirana na dialogue twagiranye (njye n’abandi bagenzi banjye baba muri Canada) na bamwe mu bayobozi bakuru b’i gihugu mbere gato ya Rwanda Day. Ntibanze cyane kuri ibyo biganiro kuko nabikozeho ikiganiro kuri radio Itahuka ariko navuga ko muri macye aribyo mbarutso. Ikibanzweho cyane muri ibyo biganiro ni ukubaka pont, na climat de confiance hagati y’abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi hamwe na leta ya Kigali.
Leta ya Kigali kuba yaradusabaga kuza gusura u Rwanda tukirebera n’amaso yacu aho u Rwanda rugeze noneho tukajya turuvuga tuvuga ibyo twahagazeho byabanje kudutera ubwoba kubera kutizera umutekano wacu bitewe na position yacu twagiye dufata mu guhangana n’ubutegetsi bwa Kigali. Ariko abayobozi batwijeje umutekano batubwira ko niba ibyo tuvuga byo kubaka climat de confiance no kubaka pont bitagerwaho tutari capable yo gukandagira mu gihugu. Nibwo twafashe inzira turagenda I Kigali turahasura mu mugi I Kigali ndetse njye narakomeje ngera no mu cyaro nganira n’abaturage ku buryo navuyeyo mfite isura nyayo yuko u Rwanda ruhagaze muri iyi minsi.
1. Iterambere
Mu Rwanda iyo uhageze ucyururuka ku kibuga cy’indege icyo ubona cya mbere ni isuku iranga umujyi wa Kigali ndetse n’imihanda ikoze neza ifite naho abanyamaguru bagendera. Ubu mu mujyi wa Kigali hose hari za feu de circulation ndetse na za parc vert. Icyo nabonye gishya ni imihanda ya racourci yagiye yubakwa hirya no hino ku buryo utagombera gufata za nzira principal ngo ugere za Gikondo, Kicukiro, Nyamirambo, Gisozi, etc.
Ikindi umugi wa Kigali urakura ugana mu cyaro ufashe axe Kigali ugana i Kibungo umugi urakura ugana i Rwamagana, za Kabuga, Kanombe, kuri 15 hose amasambu yarafashwe bari kubaka imitamenwa. Ufashe axe ya Bugesera umuhanda uragenda urimo kaburimbo kugera i Bujumbura. Inzira igana i Nyamata yose hari amazu niho umugi naho ukura usatira. Ufashe axe ya Gitarama umugi urakura ujya ku Ruyenzi. Ba baturage basenyewe mu Kiyovu cy’abakene ubu bimukiye ku Ruyenzi bubatseyo za villa umugi barawufashe. Uzamutse za Ruhengeri ugera za Nyirangarama ubona amazu meza .
Mu migi yindi nabonye umugi utera imbere kandi wihuta ari umugi wa Ruhengeri. Ku buryo nibaza ko ubu ariwo mugi wa kabiri nyuma ya Kigali. Indi migi yateye imbere ni Gitarama, Nyanza, Gisenyi, Rwamagana, ndetse na za Kibuye hariyo ama hotel meza cyane n’ibikorwa bya kijyambere. Umugi nabonye udatera imbere ni umugi wa Butare usanga warasigaye inyuma cyane. Nabonye hotel Ibis ariyo bakozemo etage ya 3 niveaux naho za Faucon zo zirenda guhirima. Ikindi nabonye ni stade Huye iri hafi kuzura. Nanasuye Kaminuza y’i Butare uretse za building ebyiri nshya ziri hafi yaho binjirira nta kindi gishya gihari.
Ku byerekeranye na za infrastructure imihanda imeze neza uva i Kigali ukagera mu mijyi ugenda ku mihanda myiza, amashanyarazi arimo gukwizwa hose mu gihugu ndetse no mu byaro. Masenge wan jye niwe wambwiye ko iwabo mu cyaro za Gitarama hafi ku Rucunshu i Rukaza bacana umuriro ndatangara. Amazi nayo ari gukwirakwizwa hose mu Rwanda. Ariko haracyari ikibazo cy’uko umuriro udahagije hamwe na hamwe ugira utya ukabura. Hari abavuga ko ari imikorere mibi ya Ewsa yahoze ari Electrogaz kera.
Ikindi kibazo gihari ni abanyeshuri barangiza za Kaminuza ntibahite babona akazi. Kera leta niyo yari employeur principal ariko ubu siko bikimeze. Abo banyeshuri basabwa kwihangira imirimo. Kwihangira imirimo bibasaba gushaka inguzanyo muri banque. Kubona inguzanyo muri banque bisaba gutanga ingwate byibuze ya 30% yayo waka. Ibi byababereye insobe. Ariko leta yarabagobotse ubwo yashyizeho ikigega kizajya kibatangira ingwate. Igisigaye ni uko abo banyeshuri bamenya kugana icyo kigega.
Mu buvuzi nabwo hari za mutuel ku baturage barenga 95% ku buryo kwivuza bisigaye byoroshye. Ahubwo ikibazo cyavutse ni abturanyi nk’abarundi n’abacongomani basigaye baza mu Rwanda pour profiter le système de santé.
Guhahirana n’amasoko mpuzamahanga leta y’u Rwanda, Uganda na Kenya bafunguye imipaka u buryo ufite identité y’imwe muri ibyo bihugu ushobora uzenguruka muri ibyo bihugu ukoresheje identité yawe. No ku kibuga cy’indege izo identité ni automatisé ugacishamo imiryango igakinguka ugahita udategereje ku murongo.
Mu buzima busanzwe ubuzima burahenda i Kigali ariko abantu bariruka bari occupé mu gushaka amaramuko. Gushaka umuntu ngo uzamubone ntibyoroshye bari occupé cyane barakora bashakisha ifaranga. Kandi urebye n’ibikorwa by’amajyambere mu migi no mu byaro usanga bitanga umusaruro. Ubu abo mu cyaro nibo bari gutera imbere kubera gukora twa cooperative tubateza imbere. Mu minsi iri imbere barasiga abanyamugi.
2. Demokarasi
Mu Rwanda umuntu ashatse kugereranya demokarasi nkuko tuyizi muri bino bihugu by’abazungu tubamo wavuga ko nta demokarasi ihari. Ariko iyo ugezemo imbere mu manama nka yayindi y’umushyikirano utangazwa n’ubwisanzure burimo ku buryo abayobozi baba badagadwa kubera ibibazo by’abaturage babaza en direct ku murongo wa telephone, kuri za message texte SMS. Umuturage abaza ikibazo nta kwishisha nuko umuyobozi urebwa n’icyo kibazo agahaguruka akisobanura kuva kuri premier ministre kugera kuwo muyobozi wo hasi.
Ikindi nashoboye kubona mu mitegekere yo mu Rwanda ni uko hari ikintu cyo kurwanya ikintu cyose cyagarura genocide mu Rwanda. Aha niyo mpamvu amashyaka akorera hamwe na FPR usanga icyo kintu bacyumvikanaho ko gahunda bakora zose zitagomba kugarura amacakubiri asubiza u Rwanda mu ntambara z’amoko ndetse bikaba byaganisha no kuri genocide. Rero amashyaka atarumva iyi concept akorera inyuma y’iyo cercle niyo usanga agonga urukuta.
Mu Rwanda habayemo amahano akomeye nka genocide njye nasanze hakiri ibikomere haba mu baturage ndetse no mubayobozi ku buryo no muri gahunda za buri munsi no muri decision zose bose berekeza kuri iyo concept yo guharanira ko ibyo bakora byose bitazaganisha ukundi ku yindi genocide. Ibi nanjye nabyumvise nyuma y’ibiganiro binyuranye n’abayobozi.
Bivuze ko dialogue ari ingenzi kuko imyumvire yabo muri opposition hamwe n’imyumvire y’abari mu buyobozi hari un fossé ishingie ku myumvire. Mu Rwanda bo bifuza ko amashyaka yakorera débat hamwe bagacoca ibitagenda nuko bagafata concessus nuko abanyapolitiki bashaka bagaterana amakofi ariko abaturage batinjijwe muri izo ntambara bigasubiza u Rwanda mu rwobo rwa genocide.
Muri opposition yo hanze no mu gihugu bo bumva demokarasi nko kugira uburenganzira bwo kwishyira ukizana, kuvuga icyo utekereza cyose nta nkomyi no gukoresha meeting mu baturage uko ushatse. Ariko aho batarumva ni uko ibyo bikorwa bigomba kwinjira muri gahunda yo gukumira icyagarura genocide cyose. Ese aba opposition iyi concept barayizi ? Urumva ko izi concept zombi zidahura, bamwe bati ibyo byadusubiza mu bibazo bya genocide kwongera guhanganisha abaturage amashyaka abacamo ibice kandi inyungu ari iz’abanyapolitiki gusa. Birumvikana ko bisaba dialogue ngo abanyarwanda duhuze imyumvire ku miyoborere y’igihugu cyacu kandi tutirengangije amahano yakibayemo nka genocide yakorewe abatutsi muri 94 ndetse n’andi mateka yaranze u Rwanda mbere.
3. Opposition nyarwanda ihagaze ite ?
Iyo urebye amashyaka akorera hanze y’igihugu ndetse no hagati mu gihugu usanga ayo mashyaka adakomeye na busa ku buryo yazana changement ikomeye mu gihugu nkuko bakomeza kubyizeza impunzi z’abanyarwanda ziba hanze y’igihugu ndetse n’abanyarwanda bo mu gihugu imbere. Dore bimwe mu byerekana ko ayo mashyaka ahuzagurika :
Icya mbere ayo mashyaka avuka na champignons uko bwije uko bukeye ubu akaba abarirwa kuri 21 byerekana ko abashinga amashyaka baba bashaka kugaragara gusa aho kuzana ibitekerezo bishya.
Icya kabiri abakuru bayo mashyaka birirwa baterana cyangwa bajombana ibikwasi hagati yabo. Ibi byerekana ko bitwa abanyapolitiki ku izina ariko batanazi n’umukino bakina uko witwa
Icya gatatu nta bayoboke bagira. Usanga ishyaka rigizwe na ba membres ba comité nyobozi gusa. Mu mashyaka 21 yose ariho harimo nka 19 adafite abayoboke barenze 10.
Icya kane ni uko abayobozi bayo mashyaka 21 badashobora kwicarana mu cyumba kimwe ngo baganire. Kandi iyo buri shyaka risohoye communiqué ugasanga bose baravuga bimwe. Ariko bakwicarana umuriro ukaka.Icya gatanu kuba amategeko mu Rwanda asaba amashyaka gukorera imbere mu gihugu bituma amashyaka yose akorera hanze y’igihugu ahinduka illégal imbere y’amategeko agenga igihugu cy’u Rwanda.
Iyo urebye izi ngingo eshanu zonyine utiriwe ushaka n’izindi bikwereka ko opposition nyarwanda igifite inzira ndende kugirango ibe yakwitwa bya nyabyo une alternative crédible au pouvoir en place.
4. Umuti ni uwuhe ?
Umuti ni uko abanyarwanda baba ab’impunzi ziba mu mahanga ndetse baba n’ababa mu gihugu bagomba guhagarika gushyira ikizere cyabo ku cyitwa amashyaka ya opposition kuko ikitwa opposition ari balinga(bitavuze ko ayo mashyaka agomba kuvaho – nibaza ko uyu mwaka urangira abaye 40). Ahubwo ikigomba gukorwa ni uko abantu ku giti cyabo batangira gukora ikimeze nka Groupe de réflexion itekereza ukuntu yakorana na let aya Kigali nuko bakarebera hamwe uko hakwigwa ubutegetsi bubereye u Rwanda kandi bukurikije amateka igihugu cyanyuzemo navuga nko ku ngoma ya cyami, ingoma y’abakoloni, imyivumbagatanyo yo muri 59, ingoma ya Kayibanda, coup d’état ya 73, ingoma ya Habyalimana, génocide yakorewe abatutsi muri 94, ingoma ya Kagame,etc
Abantu ku giti cyabo batitwikiriye amashyaka nibo bagomba kwemera dialogue hakubakwa pont ihuza abatavuga rumwe, bagasura u Rwanda bakareba uko ruhagaze ubu, bakareba ibigenda neza ndetse n’ibitagenda nabyo bakabireba nuko bakumvikana na leta ya Kigali bagashyiraho cadre y’ibiganiro. Ibyo biganiro nibyo bizubaka transition nziza izatugeza ku Rwanda rwiza abanyarwanda bose abahutu, abatutsi ndetse n’abatwa bibonamo. Iyo dialogue hagati y’iyo groupe de reflexion y’abantu ku giti cyabo na leta ya Kigali niyo yatuma haza ukwizerana ndetse abantu bakaganira uko igihugu gikwiriye kuyoborwa duhereye ku mateka yaranze u Rwanda. Burya ikosa dukora mbere na mbere ni uko dushaka guhurutura iby’abazungu bakoze ngo dukore copiecollé ku Rwanda kandi tudahuje amateka.
Iyo groupe de reflexion rero yaratangiye ariko haracyakenewe inkunga y’abandi bantu ku giti cyabo batitwikiriye amashyaka baza gufasha mu gutekereza kurebana na leta ya Kigali aho u Rwanda rwakwerekeza ndetse n’uburyo cyangwa cadre politiki yakorerwamo hatagombye abagomba kubigwamo cyangwa kubifungirwa. Burya iyo abantu bashaka kugera ku kintu kimwe (imibereho myiza y’abanyarwanda) ariko ntibumvikane ku nzira yo kubigeraho burya baba bagomba kwicara hasi bagakemura icyo bakumvikana kuri principes de bases no kuri concepts zimwe na zimwe za ngombwa mbese bakumvikana kuri règles du jeu.
Twabigereranya nk’amakipe aza jya gukina muri Mundial nuko buri kipe muri 32 igomba kuza ikaza ifite amategeko yayo yo mu gihugu cyayo. Byahinduka akavuyo hatabayeho amategeko rusange areba ayo makipe yose ku buryo buri kipe ikina izi neza ko na bagenzi bayo bumva kimwe les règles du jeu. Ni kimwe na politiki yo mu Rwanda rero uyu munsi ari opposition ari na leta ya Kigali ntabwo bumva kimwe les règles du jeu. Niyo mpamvu aho gusimbukira mu kibuga abantu babanza kumvikana ku bintu bimwe na bimwe bikaba clair pour tout le monde. Ngako aka kazi k’iyo groupe de reflexion yakorana na leta ya Kigali mu kubaka les règles du jeu zizaba nka fondation u Rwanda ruzubakiraho imyaka magana n’amagana.
À suivre
ALAIN PATRICK NDENGERA alias TITO KAYI JAMAHE
