![\"\"](\"http:\/\/sematenadotcom.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/10\/laurent-kabila.jpg\")
Kugira ngo twumve neza impamvu Joseph Kabila intambara ya M23 itamushishikaje reka duhere mu mateka ya kure gato. Nk\u2019uko twababwiye mu nkuru zabanje ubwo u Rwanda na Uganda byashakaga guhirika Mobutu Sese Seko, bashatse uwo biyambaza kubabera ku isonga ry\u2019urwo rugamba nibwo Deogratias Bugera yibutse Laurent Desire Kabila amujyana kwa Perezida Museveni bakigerayo amakuru atugeraho agaragaza ko mu nama bagiranye uyu Kabila yasaga n\u2019umuntu w\u2019indangare utazi iyo biva niyo bijya amasaha bamaze mu biro bya Museveni uyu yireberaga hejuru kuri plafond nk\u2019ufite isoni zivanze no kubaha birenze abari bagiye kumuha akazi. Ibi birashoboka ko byishimiwe kuko hari hakenewe umuntu uzajya ategekwa ibyo agomba gukora akikiriza nta kibazo abajije bituma Museveni amushima asaba Bugera Deogratias, umwe mu batuye Congo bavuga ikinyarwanda kujya kumwereka Kagame akimara gushimwa no kwiyambazwa, bamaze gufata agace ka Lemera no kwereka Laurent Desire Kabila ko bishoboka kumushyira ku buyobozi, tariki 23 Ukwakira 1996 bivugwa ko bashinze AFDL basabwa no kugirana amasezerano. Bivugwa ko abashize umukono kuri ayo masezerano ari Laurent Desire Kabila, Andre Ngandu Kisase, Anselme Masasu, Deogratias Bugera na Bizima Karaha bose bayasinye nk\u2019abayobozi b\u2019amashyaka.<\/p>\n Ayo masezerano ubu ubutegetsi burayahakana ariko hakaba abandi bayemeza kandi bakavuga ko yahiriye mu ndege yaguye mu misozi ya Minembwe ahatuye abanyamulenge. Akaba yari ateye atya: Ingingo 1:<\/strong> Kuri iyi tariki ya 23 Ukwakira 1996 muri Hoteli ya Lemera hashinzwe AFDL (Alliance des Forces Democratiques pour la Liberation du Congo) ikaba ifite n\u2019ishami rya gisirikare.<\/p>\n Ingingo 2<\/strong>: Ubutaka bwa Congo n\u2019ibiri munsi yabwo n\u2019umutungo wa AFDL.<\/p>\n Ingingo 3:<\/strong> AFDL igomba kuzagumana ingengabitekerezo y\u2019ukwibohora.<\/p>\n \u00a0Ingingo 4:<\/strong> Nk\u2019uko AFDL izigisha panafricanism, yemeye guha abaturanyi (u Rwanda, Uganda n\u2019Uburundi) 300 km winjiye imbere muri Congo uvuye ku mbibi z\u2019ibyo gihugu kugira ngo izo 300 km zijye zibafasha kugenzura no kurwanya abanzi bazo.<\/p>\n Ingingo 5:<\/strong> AFDL nimara gufata ubutegetsi igomba kuzagenera agashimwe kihariye Uburundi, Uganda n\u2019Urwanda.<\/p>\n Ingingo 6:<\/strong> Abari abanyapolitike bose mu mwaka ya za 1960 n\u2019abakoranye na Mobutu bose bagomba kuzahita bahabwa ikiruhuko cy\u2019izabukuru.<\/p>\n Ingingo 7:<\/strong> Abanyamulenge n\u2019abavuga ikinyarwanda batuye Congo bahageze mbere y\u2019ubwigenge bwa Congo kuya 30 Kamena 1960 bose bahawe ubwenegihugu.<\/p>\n Ingingo 8:<\/strong> Icyongereza n\u2019igiswahili nazo zigomba gutezwa imbere no gukoreshwa kimwe n\u2019igifaransa mu gihugu cyose.<\/p>\n N\u2019ubwo aya masezerano avugwaho byinshi, kuko abayoboye leta iriho ubu muri Congo ntabwo bemera ko aya masezerano yabayeho byahuza n\u2019uko AFDL ya Laurent Desire Kabila itakibaho nawe ubwe akaba atakibaho bituma abantu bayajyaho impaka nyinshi.<\/p>\n Gusa uko amakuru ameze n\u2019uko bageze i Kinshasa bashatse gushyiraho ku buyobozi bw\u2019Igihugu General Marc Mah\u00e9l\u00e9 Lieko Bokungu wari umugaba mukuru w\u2019ingabo za Zaire ya Mobutu naho D\u00e9sir\u00e9 Kabila akaba yarabaye igikoresho gusa cyo kurwanya Mobutu. Marc Mah\u00e9l\u00e9 Lieko Bokungu yaje kwicirwa mu buryo budasobanutse i Kinshasa imaze gufatwa. Aya makuru rero ashobora kuba yarageze kwa Desire Kabila nawe amaze gufata ubutegetsi aza kwanga kubahiriza amasezerano twavuze haruguru ahubwo ahita asaba u Rwanda na Uganda kumuvira mu gihugu byihuse. General James Kabarebe witwaga icyo gihe General James Kabare yasabwe gukora ihererekanya bubasha agataha. Mu mihango y\u2019ihererekanya bubasha, nk\u2019uko bitangazwa na James Kabarebe, uwamusimbuye General C\u00e9lestin Kifwa umugabo wa mushiki wa Perezida Laurent Desire Kabila, yazanye intama ayibagira mu biro agenda asuka amaraso yayo mu nguni z\u2019ibiro mu buryo ngo bwo kwirukana imitsindo y\u2019u Rwanda. Aha birumvikana ko Laurent Desire Kabila amaze kugezwa ku ntebe y\u2019ubuperezida yahise yanga u Rwanda cyane kuko yakundaga kubwira abaturage be ati : \u201caba banyarwanda n\u2019abagande basanze Congo yuzuye ubuki none ntibashaka gutaha\u201d.<\/p>\n General Kabarebe akimara kwirukanwa ntabwo byateye kabiri intambara iba irarose, u Rwanda, Uganda n’u Burundi byihishe inyuma ya RCD byahise bitangiza intambara yiswe iya Congo ya Kabiri, ibindi bihugu nka Zimbabwe, Angola, Namibia, Tchad byohereje ingabo zo gufasha Kabila.<\/p>\n Amaze kubona ko yirukanye abamurindaga n\u2019abarindaga ubusugire bw\u2019Igihugu, amaze kubona kandi ko umutekano we ushobora kuba uri mu kaga kandi akaba yarumvaga ko adashobora gukorana n\u2019abari abasirikare ba Mobutu kuko yabashinjaga kuba baramunzwe na ruswa; mukibuka ko hari havutse intambara ikomeye ya RCD yahisemo kwiyambaza abari muri FAR (ingabo zatsinzwe mu Rwanda). Yahamagaje aba FAR babarizwaga Tanzaniya, Congo Brazzavile, Cameruni, RCA n\u2019ahandi abaha intwaro abasaba kumurwanirira ndetse bikemezwa ko Angola yahise yemera kubaha ibyo bakeneye byose kugira ngo bafashe Kabila wari wugarijwe. Icyo gihe Colonel L\u00e9odomir Mugaragu yavanye n’abagera ku 2000 muri Congo Brazzaville bari bamaze gufasha Sasou Ngweso gufata ubutegetsi, Genaral I.G. Mudacumura, Major Nyampame n’abandi baje bava muri RCA, Genaral BEMSG Aloys Ntiwiragabo, Colonel I.G. Renzaho, n’abandi baje kurwana ku ruhande rwa Kabila, ari nako indege za Kabila zahaga ibikoresho aba Ex-FAR bari barasigaye muri Kivu bayobowe na General Rwarakabije, nyuma y’urupfu rwa ba Lt Col BEM L\u00e9onard Nkundiye na Lt Col Dr Mugemanyi mu ntambara yiswe iy’abacengezi.<\/p>\n Laurent Desire Kabila yasanze bidahagije yemera no gufasha imitwe itandukanyi ya Mayi-Mayi twagaragaje mu bice byabanjirije iki.<\/p>\n we ntibabashije kuwurinda umutekano uko bikwiye kuko 17 Mutarama 2001 Laurent Desire Kabila yaje kwicwa. Urupfu rwe ruracyari urujijo ariko hagiye havugwa byinshi ndetse hakekwa na benshi barimo:<\/p>\n -Ibihugu by’ibihangange kuko yari abangamiye inyungu zabyo<\/p>\n -Abanyalibani bamuzizaga ko yahaye isoko ryose ry’amabuye y’agaciro ya diamants isosiyete yo uri Isiraheli<\/p>\n -Perezida Kagame wari umufitiye inzika kuba yarirukanye abanyarwanda muri Congo kandi baramufashije gufata ubutegetsi (ndetse na Dr Th\u00e9og\u00e8ne Rudasingwa, umwe mu bantu bari bakomeye mu butegetsi mu Rwanda yemeje ko Perezida Kagame yari abiri inyuma)<\/p>\n -Inshuti za Commandant Anselme Masasu wari umaze iminsi yishwe ku itegeko rya Kabila<\/p>\n Amaze kwicwa mu buryo butunguranye haje kwemezwa ko asimbuwe n\u2019umuhungu we Joseph Kabila wari ukiri muto icyo gihe. Uwa mwemeje ntimumbaze ngo ni nde kuko sinamumenya gusa icyo nzi nuko atari abanyekongo bamwemeje. Gusa ikizwi cyanadufasha kumenya uwamwimitse n\u2019uko akimara gushirwaho yahise asura Ubufaransa yakirwa na Jacques Chirac, urugendo rwa 2 arukora muri Leta zunze ubumwe z\u2019Amerika yakirwa George W. Bush Junior izi ngendo zikaba umuntu yazita izo gushimira kuba yari ashizwe ku bushorishori bw\u2019igihugu.<\/p>\n Gusa uyu Joseph Kabila yaje kwihanangirizwa ko atagomba kugwa mu mutego Se yaguyemo wo gukorana na FAR bari barashinze icyo tuzi ubu cyitwa FDLR. Joseph yaje kwemera inama aca umubano wose na FDLR. Kugira ngo yereke abamwimitse ko we adashobora gukorana na FDLR, tariki 26 Nzeli 2002 yahamagaye kuri telephone Colonel I.G Tharcisse Renzaho wari umwe mu bayobozi bakuru ba FDLR ngo aze bavugane uko yifuza gukorana nabo ndetse anamwoherereza indege ye bwite; ageze ku kibuga cy\u2019indege i Kinshasa yaje kumenyeshwa ko afashwe iminsi 3 nyuma yaho aza kohererezwa urukiko rwa TPIR Arusha muri Tanzaniya. Ndetse amasezerano yose FDLR yari yaragiranye na Laurent Desire Kabila we yaje kuyagira impfabusa.<\/p>\n Ibi bikorwa byaje kumwongerera icyizere bituma afatwa nk\u2019umuntu wubaha abamukuriye nubwo bwose yari perezida w\u2019igihugu gikize nka Congo. Ku rundi ruhande aba ba FDLR abenshi bari muri Katanga baje kubona ko ibintu\u00a0byahindutse, ubwo bari batangiye kubegeranyiriza i Kamina \u00a0n’ifatwa rya Colonel I.G Tharcisse Renzaho, bityo bahitamo gusubira mu mashyamba ya za Kivu.<\/p>\n Kugira ngo Joseph Kabila abashe kwemererwa kuzatsinda amatora mu gihe barimo kuyitegura, tariki 30 Kamena 2005, Ado Ayelo na Louis Michel komiseri muri U.E, baje kumureba i Kinshasa. Ese bashakaga kumubwira iki ko yari arangije transition hagiye kuba amatora?<\/p>\n Bamubwiye ko niba ashaka gutsinda amatora no kuyobora Congo nta kibazo asabwe kutazigera atunga agatoki u Rwanda ko rwamuteye igihe cyose muri Kivu hazaba havutse intambara. Uru ruzinduko rwakiriwe nabi cyane n\u2019abanyekongo bashyigikiye Etienne Tshisekedi kuko bandikira Louis Michel. Iri sezerano ni naryo akigenderaho kugeza n\u2019ubu kuko azi neza ko igihe cyose yatunze u Rwanda agatoki azavanwa kubutegetsi yishwe nka se, afunzwe cyangwa ahunze. Kubera kubaha ibyo asabwe byose atabajije amatora y\u2019ejo bundi U.E yamwemereye ko azasubizwa ku butegetsi akayobora indi manda kuko ari umwana mwiza yubaha. Ndetse imwemerera gufasha igipolisi kurwanya umuntu wese uzahirahira agashaka kwigaragambya ngo yanze kwemera ibyavuye mu matora. Ng\u2019uko uko nyuma y\u2019amatora EtienneTshisekedi yaje kwisanga afungiwe iwe mu rugo.<\/p>\n Ng\u2019iyo impamvu ituma ubu Joseph Kabila adashobora guhirahira ngo atunge agatoki u Rwanda cyangwa Uganda kuba rufasha M23 bikaba binagoye cyangwa bitanashoboka kuba yashaka ibihugu bimufasha kurwanya M23 kuko azi ko umunsi yabikoze no gupfa yapfa. Uri Joseph Kabila wowe musomyi w\u2019iyi nkuru wabigenza gute kundi?<\/p>\n 2. Institut POLE n\u2019icyo igamije?<\/strong><\/p>\n Mbere yo kugira icyo mvuga kuri M23 reka mbanze nkubaze wowe urimo gusoma iyi nkuru: mu mirwano yafashe Goma wumvise bavuga ko hapfuye bangahe ku mpande zombi, hapfuye abasivile bangahe? Kubona igisubizo biragoye nyamara kandi kumenya abapfuye ku bitero 2 bya FDLR mu Rwanda biroroshye cyangwa kumenya abapfuye mu mirwano yabereye muri Syria, ndetse umunsi ku wundi ababaga baguye mu bitero byahuje Isirayeli na Palestine ejo bundi byabaga byoroshye cyane. Kubera iki abapfuye, abagore bafashwe ku ngufu n\u2019abamaze guta ingo zabo bakaba impunzi kuva M23 yatangira kurwana bigoye cyane kubamenya?<\/p>\n Igisubizo cy\u2019iki kibazo tugisanga mu byatangajwe n\u2019umudage Helmut Strizek wakoze mu Rwanda aho yagize ati : mu bihugu by\u2019uburayi hashinzwe ikigo cyitwa Institut POLE, iki kigo cyiganje cyane mu gihugu cy \u2019Ubudage n\u2019Ubufaransa. Mu bakozi gikoresha harimo abakomoka muri Africa 12 naho ubuyobozi bukuru bugizwe n\u2019abantu 3 Christiane Kayser ukomoka muri Luxembourg, uyu akaba akorera mu bihugu by\u2019ibiyaga bigari nkuhagarariye umushinga EED ; hakaza Dominic Johnson, ukomoka mu Bwongereza, akaba ashinzwe u Rwanda na Congo nk\u2019uhagarariye ikinyamakuru cy\u2019Abadage cyitwa Tageszeitung kizwi nk’icy’ishyaka \u2018B\u00fcndnis 90\/Gr\u00fcnen\u2019 n\u2019ishyaka ry\u2019aba social-d\u00e9mocrate.<\/p>\n Bivugwa ko iki kigo n\u2019iki kinyamakuru nta kindi bigamije ureste kwigisha abanyaburayi ko intambara iyo ariyo yose yo muri Kivu iba igamije kwirwanaho ku bwoko bw\u2019abatutsi batuye muri Kivu zombi. Iki kigo cyitwa ko ari icy’abaprotestanti gikoreshwa mu kuyobya irindi tangazamakuru rwose ryabasha kuvuga nabi RCD, CNDP, M23, ARC n\u2019undi mutwe wose witwaje intwaro wavuka nyuma utangijwe n\u2019abavuga ikinyarwanda batuye muri Congo bo mu bwoko bw\u2019abatutsi.<\/p>\n Iyi institut POLE yibanda cyane kwigisha abanyaburayi ko ikibi cyose gikozwe muri Kivu kiba cyakozwe na FDLR kandi ko ibihugu byose n\u2019itangazamakuru bigomba gufasha abatutsi batuye muri Kivu kuko bageramiwe na FDLR. Iyo ako kazi karangiye amatoni n\u2019amatoni y\u2019amabuye ya coltan (colombo-tantalite) yuzuzwa za kontineri amanywa n\u2019ijoro avanwa Congo ajya mu Rwanda. Iyo ayo makontineri ageze i Kigali ahava ajyanwa ku byambu zigapakizwa amato akoherezwa muri Belgique binyuze ku cyambu cya Anvers cyangwa Ostende. Ayo mabuye y\u2019agaciro ntabwo atinda muri Belgique kuko ahita yoherezwa gutunganyirizwa mu nganda zabugenewe mu mujyi wa Hambourg mu Budage cyangwa mu mujyi wa Ulba muri Kazakhstan. Abibaza impamvu abayobozi ba FDLR n’abandi bayoboke bayo bibasiwe mu gihugu cy’u Budage kurusha mu bindi bihugu babona igisubizo hano.<\/p>\n Nyamara si Institut POLE gusa iri inyuma y\u2019itangazamakuru n\u2019isahurwa ry\u2019umutungo wa Congo kuko Louis Michel ahora atangaza ku mugaragaro ko Congo yakwemera gusangira umutungo n\u2019u Rwanda kugira ngo ibashe kugira amahoro arambye [yiyibagiza ko ububiligi buherutse kumara iminsi 535 nta guverinema bugira kubera amacakubili no kutumvikana].<\/p>\n Haje kwiyongeraho uwitwa Hermann Cohen, wageze kuba secr\u00e9taire d\u2019Etat wa USA ushinzwe ibibazo bya Africa. Muri iyi minsi y\u2019intambara ya M23 ntabwo asiba mu itangazamakuru nka Aljazeera, n\u2019ibindi asaba Congo kubererekera u Rwanda rukabasha kubona kwicukurira amabuye y\u2019agaciro muri Congo ndetse hari aho anerura rwose ko Kivu ari iy\u2019u Rwanda. Uyu musaza mu byo asaba, nkuko yabitangaje, n\u2019uko Congo yasaba guhabwa abahutu kuko we asanga ari abakozi akumva batashyirwa muri Kivu ahubwo bajyanwa muri za Kasai guhinga ibisambu bihari bidahinze (sinzi niba kubera iri jambo rye arezwe amacakubili yatsinda)!<\/p>\n 3. Bihagaze bite muri M23 ?<\/strong><\/p>\n Twababwira ko ubu ibintu bishobora kuba bitifashe neza muri uwo mutwe kubera impamvu 4 zikurikira:<\/p>\n 1: General Makenga Sultani ashobora kuba atishimiye na gato kuba yarasabwe kuva mu mujyi wa Goma. Uyu muyobozi w\u2019umutwe w\u2019ingabo za M23 yari yaratangarije ibinyamakuru bitandukanye ko adashobora kwemera kuva mu mujyi wa Goma ariko nk’uko bisanzwe imbaraga ziturutse ahandi zamusabye bitarenze iminsi 3 kuba yasohotse muri Goma.<\/p>\n 2: Ibihano \u00a0Genaral Makenga yafatiwe n\u2019ibihugu by\u2019amahanga we, Colonel Baudouin Ngaruye na Colonel Innocent Kaina ashobora kuba yarabyibajijeho byinshi, cyane ko we n\u2019abari bamushyigikiye bose bumvaga batacyifuza kujya mu mirwano ukundi, nkuko mwabisomye mu nyandiko zibanziriza iyi.<\/p>\n 3: N’uko uko M23 iyobowe ubu bidaha Makenga ububasha bihagije bwo kuba yafata icyemezo no kuba yagira igitinyiro gihagije muri uwo mutwe nk\u2019uko byari bimeze igihe cya CNDP ya Laurent Nkunda. Ibi bikaba byaragaragaye cyane bamaze gufata Goma aho we yasigaye atangariza ibinyamakuru ko agiye gukomeza agafata Bukavu ari nako ajya i Kinshasa; ariko ageze hafi ya Minova umuyobozi w\u2019ishyaka Runiga Munyarugerero umusivili wari wagiye i Kampala yagarutse amubwira ko agomba kwitegura gusohoka muri Goma bagasubira aho bavuye batera Goma.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.therwandan.com\/ki\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2012\/12\/bugera_deogratias.jpg\")
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