Abadepite mu nteko nshingamategeko y’u Rwanda bashyigikiye umushinga w’itegeko rivugurura ingengo y’imali y’u Rwanda y’uyu mwaka. Imwe mu mpamvu zateye iyi mpinduka ni ingaruka z’icyemezo cya bimwe mu bihugu bisanzwe bifasha u Rwanda byabaye bisubitse imfashanyo, nyuma y\u2019aho impuguke za ONU zishinjiye u Rwanda gutera inkunga umutwe wa M23.<\/p>\n
Mu rwego rwo gusobanukirwa kurushaho twitabaje impuguke mu by\u2019ubukungu Bwana Peter Urayeneza tumubaza ibibazo bimwe na bimwe bijyanye iki gikorwa. Bwana Peter Urayeneza arasubiza ibibazo by’umunyamakuru wacu Marc Matabaro.<\/p>\n
Bwana Peter Urayeneza, twabonye amakuru ko ingengo y\u2019imali y\u2019uyu mwaka igiye kuvugururwa, waba ufite amakuru arambuye kuri uwo mushinga w\u2019itegeko?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Ibyo ni byo koko uwo mushinga wo kongera ingengo y\u2019imari warakozwe ndetse wanagiweho impaka mu nteko imitwe yombi kandi waremejwe.\u00a0Ingengo y\u2019imari ya 2012\/13 yaravuguruwe iva kuri miliyari 1385,3 igera kuri miliyari 1549,9 by\u2019amafaranga y\u2019u Rwanda. Bigaragaza inyongera ya miliyari 164,6 b\u2019amafaranga y\u2019u Rwanda.<\/p>\n Ministre Rwangombwa yatangaje ko bagabanijeho amafaranga yagombaga kuzava mu baterankunga batizeye ko azaboneka, hari icyo wadusobanurira kuri aya mafaranga u Rwanda rutizeye ko ruzabona?\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Ibi Minister Rwangombwa bitandukanye cyane n\u2019ukuri kuriho ndetse nawe ubwe akaba yivuguruza mu gihe yatangazaga umushinga w\u2019ingengo y\u2019imari ku wa 21 Gicurasi 2012 imbere y\u2019inteko zombi. Aha Rwangombwa yirengagije ingingo ikomeye cyane y\u2019uko u Rwanda rukoresha cyane cyane amafaranga avuye hanze. Aha urugero umuntu yatanga ni uko muri Budget 2012-2013, agera kuri 50% bya Budget yose yagombaga kuva hanze ni ukuvuga inguzanyo zingana na Miliyari 134.4 z\u2019amafaranga y\u2019u Rwanda ndetse n\u2019amafaranga yari kuzatangwa n\u2019abaterankunga angana na miliyari 540.7 z\u2019amafaranga y\u2019u Rwanda. Aha rero umuntu yakwibaza ati:Ese niba bagabanyije amafaranga azava mu baterankunga batakizeye, ni iyihe mpamvu nyamukuru yatumye iriya Budget yiyongera? Haba se hari umugambi wo kongera inguzanyo yaba imbere cyangwa hanze y\u2019igihugu?<\/p>\n Ese iki cyemezo si ikimenyetso cy\u2019uko Leta y\u2019u Rwanda yananiwe kumvisha amahanga ko ntaho ihuriye n\u2019ibibera muri Congo ngo isubirane imfashanyo bityo igakurayo amaso?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Ibi ngibi mu byukuri ni ukuyobya uburari ku banyarwanda bose utaretse n\u2019amahanga. Gusa nabyo uko bigaragara ni ukurushywa n\u2019ubusa kuko ubu ibimenyetso by\u2019ingaruka mbi zatewe n\u2019igaharikwa ry\u2019ariya mafaranga y\u2019abaterankunga rigaragarira buri wese. Gusa kubyerekeranye na Congo byo ndumva Leta ya Kigali yananiwe kubisobanura mu buryo bwose kuko raporo ya nyuma yasohowe n\u2019impuguke (group of experts) ndetse yemezwa na LONI. Ubwo rero niba bimeze gutyo nta mpamvu amahanga yakomeza gutanga imfashanyo (direct aid) zo guhungabanya abandi kandi zari zatangiwe gufasha abaturage. Gusa umuntu yakongeraho aka kantu kamwe gusa. Ikigaragara cyo ni uko iyongezwa ry\u2019iriya Budget rihishe byinshi, birimo kwerekana ndetse no gusobanura ko Ka Gaciro Development Fund (AgDF) kazakora, kwereka amahanga ko ubukungu bw\u2019igihugu budahungabana n’ubwo u Rwanda rutungwa agatoki mu ntambara ziri kubera mu karere, ndetse n\u2019ibindi bindi\u2026.<\/p>\n Ese aya mafaranga yagabanyijwe ku ngengo y\u2019imali mu bice bimwe na bimwe nta ngaruka nini bishobora gutera mu buzima bw\u2019igihugu n’ubwo ingengo y’imali muri rusange yiyongereye?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Murakoze cyane kubaza iki kibazo cyiza cyane ariko mu by’ukuri mbere yo kubanza kugisubiza reka tubanze dukore analysis ya Budget y\u2019 u Rwanda. Ingengo y\u2019imari isanzwe (recurrent budget) ingana na miliyari 726 naho budget y\u2019iterambere (development budget) ikaba ingana na miliyari 682,4 aho ibikorwa remezo bifata miliyari miliyari 361,2 ndetse n\u2019ubuhinzi bufata miliyari 321,2. Muri iyi budget imfashanyo zari ziteganyijwe ko zizava mu mahanga zingana na miliyari 540,7. Dushingiye kuri iyi mibare yatangajwe na Minister Rwangombwa rero usanga nibura hari igice kimwe cya Budget hafi ya cyose (recurrent or development budget) cyijya guterwa inkunga n\u2019abaterankunga.<\/p>\n Ni muri urwo rwego, ingaruka mbi zitabura kandi zirahari ziragaragara. Dore ingero nyinshi zitandukanye: ngirango twese tuzi ko Leta y\u2019u Rwanda yari umukoresha wa mbere ku isoko ry\u2019umurimo imbere, ariko ubu ngirango mwese muzi ko Leta yahagaritse gutanga akazi kugeza mu kwezi kwa gatandatu 2013. Ubwo ni ukuvuga ko abadafite akazi baziyongera (unemployment rate \/Taux de ch\u00f4mage) baziyongera muri aya mezi ni ubwo n’ubundi iki cyari ikibazo cy\u2019ingorabahizi mu Rwanda. Mu rwego rw\u2019ubuzima naho ntabwo hasigaye hatagezweho ni izo ngaruka kuko kugeza ubu mu bitaro byinshi byo mu Rwanda ntabwo abaturage bari kubona imiti nkuko byari bisanzwe, aho imishinga myinshi inyuranye irangirije ibikorwa byayo yakorera muri Minisiteri y\u2019Ubuzima. Igabanyuka ry\u2019inguzanyo mu mabanki imbere mu gihugu ndetse n\u2019itakara ry\u2019agaciro k\u2019ifaranga ry\u2019igihugu imbere y\u2019amadorali, ndetse n\u2019ibindi.<\/p>\n Ariko wenda umuntu agarutse ku rugero rwa mbere rwatanzwe haruguru, umuntu yabaza ikibazo Minister Rwangombwa niba mu by’ukuri azi ingaruka z’ubushomeri \u00a0(unmployement) ku masoko ry\u2019ibintu ndetse n\u2019Imari (the direct impact of unemployment rate on market of goods and financial market)!!!!<\/p>\n Kuki Leta y\u2019u Rwanda ititabaje cya kigega kiswe agaciro mu kuziba kiriya cyuho, igahitamo kugabanya ingengo y\u2019imali?<\/strong><\/p>\n Murakoze Munyamakuru kuri iki kibazo. Nkuko nabivuze haruguru ubu kugirango ikigega agaciro kibashe gucungura ziraya mfashanyo u Rwanda rwabonaga birasa naho ari inzozi zikabije cyane. Reka wenda ibi tubyerekane twifashije urugero rw\u2019imibare. Kugeza ubu mu kigega agaciro ntabwo harashyikamo amafaranga agera kuri miliyari 50 z\u2019amanyarwanda. Ayo mafaranga ni kimwe cya cumi (1\/10) cy\u2019amafaranga abaterankunga bagombaga gushyira mu ngengo y\u2019Imari y\u2019igihugu muri uyu mwaka wa 2012-2013. Ibi bishatse kuvuga ko bisaba nibura kurundanya amafaranga muri AgDF nibura mu myaka icumu kugirango Leta ishobore kuziba icyo cyuho cy’inkunga ziva hanze. Ubwo ni umwaka utaha nibikomeza gutyo bizamera gute? So, ikigega Agaciro ni uguhuma abaturage amaso kandi ubanyunyuza uduke twabo bari bifitiye ariko mu by’ukuri ntacyo kizageraho gifatika cyane.<\/p>\n Iyi gahunda byatangajwe ko izatuma hagira imishahara y\u2019abakozi ba Leta igabanuka kugira ngo leta izibe iki cyuho, ibyo byo biteye bite? Ese nta handi hashobora kuva amafaranga?<\/strong><\/p>\n Nibyo hari gahunda yo kugabanya nibura amafaranga yatangagwaga mu mishahara nibura kugera kugera kuri 40% by\u2019ayatangwaga. Ibi bishatse kuvuga ko byakorwa mu nzira ebyiri: kugabanya umubare w\u2019abakozi cyangwa se kugabanya imishara ndetse n\u2019ibyagendaga ku bayobozi bakuru bose. Gusa umuntu ashingiye ku ibaruwa ya minisiteri y\u2019abakozi ba Leta (MIFOTRA) yandikiye ibigo byose ndetse na Minisiteri zose, biragaragara y’uko uburyo bwa mbere aribwo buzakoreshwa hakagabanywa umubare w\u2019abakozi hagendewe kuri reform igiye gukorwa kuko ubu na commission ishinzwe iryo vugururwa yarangije gushyirwaho muri MIFOTRA. Ahandi hashobora kuva amafaranga asimbura iy\u2019inkunga n\u2019inguzanyo haba imbere cyangwa hanze nko muri Banki y\u2019isi ndetse n\u2019izindi banki. Ariko iyi option nayo ifite imbogamizi ikomeye cyane kuko burya buri gihugu kigira amafaranga kitagomba kurenza nk\u2019umwenda muri Banki y\u2019isi, kuko inguzanyo zose uzihabwa hashingiwe kuri economy yawe, ndetse n\u2019ibyo nawe washyizemo, n\u2019ibindi bindi\u2026.. Muri make, Leta uyu munsi iri mu ikoni rigoranye gukata ariko na none umuntu akibaza niba umuminisitiri ushinzwe imari nka Rwangombwa niba koko azafasha mu kurikata mu rwego rw\u2019ubukungu.<\/p>\n Ministre Rwangombwa yatangaje ko ibyemezo byo guhagarika imfashanyo ntacyo byahungabanije ubukungu bw\u2019igihugu muri rusange ngo ndetse ubukungu bwazamutseho hejuru y\u2019ibice 8% mu mwaka ushize ndetse ngo uyu mwaka buzazamukaho 7,1%, ese ibi bifite ishingiro?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Murakoze cyane munyamakuru gusa birasekeje cyane rwose. None se niba nta ngaruka zihari ejo bundi mu kwezi kwa cumi n\u2019abiri umwaka wa 2012 yivugiraga iki? Cyangwa se kuko Izo nkunga niba ntacyo zimaze kuki ziri kwirwa zivugisha menshi Perezida Kagame Paul aho anyuze hose cyangwa aho yicaye hose? Ahubwo rero reka tunagendere ku mibare mutanze mu mibare mutanganze hejuru mu kibazo. Nyine ubukungu uyu mwaka buteganyijwe kuba bwagabanyukaho 0,9%. Nonese ugirango ako ni gake muri economy y\u2019igihugu? Reka da!!!! Ikindi rero gisekeje ni uburyo Rwangombwa atanga imibare ye!!! Iriya Growth rate y\u2019umusaruro (Gross Domestic Product) yabayeho igihugu kigifite inkunga z\u2019amahanga. Ubu rero sinanze ko iyo growth rate ya 7.1% izabaho, ahubwo ndabona igikwiye yari akwiye kuba atwereka uburyo igihugu kizagaruza ziriya miliyari z\u2019inkunga kugirango iyo ntego yo kongera umusaruro kugera hariya bigerweho.<\/p>\n Iki cyemezo se tuvuge ko ari cyo cya nyuma cyangwa hashobora kubaho ibindi byemezo bigamije kuziba icyuho?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Kugeza ubu ibyemezo biriho ni ugushyiraho kiriya kigega agaciro, kuguza hanze amafaranga ndetse no kugabanya umubare w\u2019amafaranga yatangwaga ku bakozi, ni ukuvuga reform iteganywa vuba aha. Ariko kugeza ubu nta yindi ngamba iramenyekana ngo itangarizwe abanyarwanda dore ko nabo basigaye baragowe. Ariko rero wenda hari igihe FPR izadohora ikaguriza leta kuko iyirusha amafaranga kure.<\/p>\n Hari gahunda ya Leta y\u2019u Rwanda ngo yo \u201dKWIGIRA\u201d ngo hagashyirwa imbere gahunda yo gukora ku buryo u Rwanda rwareka gutegereza inkunga y\u2019amahanga, ese iyi gahunda irashoboka?<\/em> <\/strong><\/p>\n Iyi gahunda yo kwigira ni imwe na ziriya zo gushyiraho Ikigega Agaciro Development Fund (AgDF). Ariko nk’uko nabisobanuye haruguru, iyo gahunda yo \u201cKWIGIRA\u201d nayo irasekeje cyane. Erega mugenzi sinayo yonyine yashyizweho, hariho kuremera ngo abatishoboye, ndetse n\u2019izindi ariko mu by’ukuri zidafite ingaruka nziza igaragarira buri wese. Gusa nakumenyesha ko nta gahunda n’imwe nk\u2019iyo ishyirwaho hatagamijwe guhisha ikindi kintu kibi gihari.<\/p>\n