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<\/a><\/span>Nk\u2019uko bigaragara kuri aka gashusho ka mpandeshatu, twavuga ko uburezi ari uburyo bwo huguza (combinaison), umuryango n\u2019ibidukikije, politiki n\u2019ubushobozi\u00a0 <\/span>bishyirwa hamwe kugira ngo urerwa ashobore kuzagira ubumenyi, imyitwarire n\u2019imitekerereze byateguwe. Ziriya mfuruka uko ari eshatu iyo zikoze neza, ireme ry\u2019uburezi riraboneka. Ritakara rero iyo imwe cyangwa irenze imwe mu mfuruka, itameze neza. Muri make ireme ry\u2019uburezi ryatakarira mu bintu tugiye gusesengura ariko byendeye kuri ako gashushanyo<\/p>\nUmuryango n\u2019ibidukikije<\/b><\/h3>\n
Umuryango udatuje ntushobora gutuma, umwana uwukomokamo yiga neza, icya mbere na mbere yatakaza bwa burere twavuze ko butangwa n\u2019umuryango kamere w\u2019umuntu. Ntabwo umwana yarara muri rwaserera y\u2019ababyeyi ngo yige neza. Ubwimvikane, ubwuzuzanye, urukundo, ituze, amahoro mu muryango biha umwana urubuga rwiza rwo kwiga. Ibi ngibi rero mu muryango nyarwanda bisa naho byayoyotse, imiryango myinshi ihora mu makimbirane adashira, aturuka ku bintu byinshi birimo ku gucana inyuma kw\u2019abashakanye kubera irari rinyuranye, imicungire y\u2019umutungo w\u2019umuryango itumvikanweho ariko\u00a0 <\/span>cyane cyane n\u2019imihindukire y\u2019umuryango nyarwanda itewe n\u2019aho isi igeze itumvikana neza. Aha navuga nk\u2019uburinganire n\u2019ubwuzuzanye bwateje ibibazo kubera kumva nabi aya mahame. Gusamarira ibyo imico y\u2019ahandi biturutse ko itumanaho ryatumye isi iba nk\u2019umudugudu. Hari kandi ubukene bukabije mu miryango butuma umwana atabonera ku gihe ibikoresho, ibimutunga, Abanyarwanda nibo bavuze ngo \u201cikirima ni ikiri mu nda\u201d. Ntiwakwiga neza, ntakiri mu nda, aha tuzi neza ko imibare ya banki y\u2019isi igaragaza u Rwanda mu bihugu 20 bikene cyane ku isi, rukaba rufite 56,6% by\u2019abaturage bari munsi y\u2019umurongo w\u2019ubukene. Abaturage b\u2019u Rwanda, barenga miliyoni 4 barya hamana rimwe ku munsi mu gihe abana 38% bafite ibibazo byo kugwingira. Ubu bukene rero, kutarya, kugwingira bugira izindi ngaruka. Uretse kugwingira ku mubiri, umwana utaritaweho muri ya minsi 1000, agwingira no mu bwonko. Mu muryango ukennye, ugomba kurwana no kubona iby\u2019ibanze, abana nta mwanya babona wo gukora ibyo basabwe ku ishuri n\u2019ibyo akoze ntabibonera umwanya wo kubyitaho (hari babagomba kujya gutashya, kuvoma, ndetse no gukora uturimo tuzanira umuryango amafaranga)<\/p>\n Urugero rufatika: <\/b><\/p>\n Ku rwunge rw\u2019amashuri rwa Kanyinya, mu Murenge wa Kanyinya, Akarere ka Nyarugenge, hari abana bazinduka bajya gucuruza imboga mu mujyi wa Kigali i Nyabugogo. Aba bana batema ijoro kuko bava iwabo, iyo za Shyorongi mu masaa sita z\u2019ijoro bakagera Nyabugogo mu masaa kumi n\u2019imwe, bakagurisha. Bagasubira iwabo. Birumvikana ko aba abaraye bataryamye, baba begenze cyane, baba bananiwe. Iyo bari bwige igitondo barasiba, n\u2019abiga ikigoroba nta musaruro, kubera umunaniro.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Ibi byiyongera ko kubera ubwo bukene, abenshi bumva kwiga ntacyo bivuze, bityo abana bakava mu mashuri bakigira muri izo nduruburi bakiri bato. Ntuzatungurwe no kubona, abana bavutse nyuma ya 1994, batazi gusoma.<\/p>\n Ariko ibi byose byabazwa Leta, kuko ariyo yakenesheje umuryango nyarwanda kuko ubukungu bwayo yabugeneye bamwe ibitaho. Ibyo bibazo by\u2019ubukene ntabyo wasanga mu miryango y\u2019Abatutsi, kuko Leta yabashyiriyeho Ikigega cyo kubitaho kuri byose uhereye ku byo kurya, kwambara, aho gutura, kwivuza, kwiga, gucuruza. Mu gihe umuryango munini w\u2019Abanyarwanda w\u2019Abahutu, wajugunywe mu bukene. Abana b\u2019Abahutu biga bajugunyiwe Minisiteri y\u2019Ubutegetsi bw\u2019Igihugu (MINALOC) umwana agahabwa amakayi nayo adahagije abanje gusiragira ku Biro by\u2019Umurenge, mu gihe abana bakomoka mu Miryango y\u2019Abatutsi bahabwa byose. Yewe n\u2019abahungutse batazi icyo Jenoside aricyo biririye kuri icyo kigega kuko cyari kigenewe Abatutsi! \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Ibidukikije\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n Iyo tuvuze ibidukikije duhera aho dutuye. Bityo aho umuntu atuye iyo habaye kure bigira ingaruka mbi ku myigire. Aho atuye ariko hashobora kuba umudugudu ushobora gutuma umwana akunda cyangwa yanga kwiga. Mu Mujyi wa Kigali birazwi ko abana baturuka mu makaritsiye bita \u201cde Bandits\u201d, Kiderenka, Karabaye, Kamenge, Matimba badakunze kubona umwanya wo kwiga kuko ibibakikije bibakururira ahandi nko mu bujura, ubusambanyi, ubusinzi, ibiyobyabwenge.<\/p>\n Hari kandi imyemerere ishobora kubuza umwana kwiga. Hari amadini avuga ko isi igiye kurangira bityo ko abantu batakagombye guta umwanya biga ahubwo bakwiye gusenga kuko ngo mu kujya mu ijuru nta mpamyabumenyi\/bushobozi bazabaza.<\/p>\n Abayobozi ku nzego zose, abaturanyi n\u2019umuryango nyarwanda muri rusange ugomba kubera umwana wiga inkingi yo gutera imbere. Umwana akaba uw\u2019umuryango mugari w\u2019Abanyarwanda, umubonye wese mu ikosa akaba yamuhwitura bibaye ngombwa.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Muri iki gice turareba ibintu byinshi twavugako bitwara ingengo y\u2019imari. Aha turavuga ku bakozi, ku bikoresho binyuranye uhereye ku bikorwaremezo ndetse tuvuge no ku ngenngo y\u2019imari nyirizina.<\/p>\n Abakozi bo mu burezi<\/b><\/p>\n Abantu bakora mu burezi ni benshi, ariko turibanda cyane cyane kuri babandi bahura n\u2019umunyeshuri umunsi ku wundi, barya muri rusange twita abarezi. Abo ni Abarimu ndetse n\u2019abayobozi b\u2019ibigo by\u2019amashuri. Bose turabita abarezi muiri rusange.<\/p>\n Abarezi ni ingenzi mu iyubakwa cyangwa isenyuka ry\u2019ireme ry\u2019uburezi. Ubundi baravuga ngo ntawatanga icyo adafite. Mu Rwanda rero kubera imyigire yagiye ihindagurika, turaza kubivugaho, usanga harimo abarezi bamwe na bamwe badafite ubushobozi, ubumenyi n\u2019imyitwarire byakagombye kuranga umurezi. Aha tukaba twavuga ko akenshi ibi bipfira\u00a0 <\/span>kurushaho mu mitangire y\u2019akazi mu burezi aho usanga ruswa z\u2019ubwoko bwose, ikimenyane bituma abahabwa akazi atari abagashoboye kurusha abandi. Ibi byagaragaye henshi mu Rwanda nk\u2019aho abakozi bo mu Karere ka Kayonza, mu Ntara y\u2019Iburasirazuba, bose bari bashinzwe ishami ry\u2019uburezi bafashwe bagafungwa kubera ruswa. Aha ngaha rero uburyo bwo gutegura abarezi ndetse no kubashyira mu kazi bigomba gusubirwamo.<\/p>\n Iyo uvuze mwarimu mu Gihugu cy\u2019u Rwanda ubona amasura abiri atandukanye ukurikije amateka yaranze iki igihugu cy\u2019u Rwanda. Mbere ya 1994, ubona mwarimu nk\u2019umukozi wubashywe, wasangiraga na Burugumesitiri, bakabyarana abana muri batisimu. Kuri iyi Ngoma ya FPR-INkotanyi, ubona mwarimu nk\u2019umukozi wagowe usigaye atangwaho ingero ahantu hanyuranye nka nyakugorwa, ufite akazi gaciriritse.<\/p>\n Mu 1990, umwarimu w\u2019amashuri abanza yahembwaga amafaranga 14.896, ayo mafaranga yanganaga n\u2019amadolari 100 kuko idolari ryavunjaga amafaranga y\u2019u Rwanda 150. Bivuga ko ubushobozi bwo guhaha bwa mwarimu bwashoboraga kugura amabati ya Japan 30, kuko ibati ryari amafaranga 500. Iyo umushahara wa mwarimu uzamuka ukurikiye guta agaciro k\u2019ifaranga ry\u2019u Rwanda ugereranyije n\u2019idolari ry\u2019amerika, ubu mwarimu yakagombye byibuze gutangira akazi ahembwa ibihumbi hafi 100! Ariko ubu mwarimu arahembwa amafaranga ibumbi 45, biguze amabati 7 gusa! Umunyeshuri wo muri Kaminuza y\u2019u Rwanda icyo gihe yahabwaga amafaranga ya buruse 10.400 ku wabaga afite icumbi muri Kaminuza. Ayo mafararanga yanganaga n\u2019amadolari 70, ubu umunyeshuri wa Kaminuza yakagombye kuba ahabwa buruse y\u2019amafaranga 75.000, none abona 45.000. Umukozi wa Komini, urugero nk\u2019umunyamabanga wa Burugumesiitri yahembwaga 13.002, ni ukuvuga ko yahembwana amadolari 86, kuri ubu we yakagombye kuba ahembwa munsi y\u2019ibibumbi 45 bya mwarimu, ariko we ahembwa ibihumbi 170. Ese kuki mwarimu yibagiranye? Ese iki nticyaba ari ikibazo gituma ireme ry\u2019uburezi ridindira? Ni gute koko umwarimu yakwigisha ari kwibaza niba ari burare ariye, ngo yigishe neza; kuko ibihumbi 45 ubijyanye ku isoko nta kivamo! Iyo abantu rero basesenguye byimbitse basanga iki nacyo ari ikibazo cya Leta. Abagera kure bakemeza ko imishahara ya mwarimu idashobora kongerwa kuko 95% by\u2019abarimu ari Abahutu. Ngo Leta y\u2019ubumwe, yanga ko amafaranga menshi yagera ku Bahutu, ngo hato batazabona imisanzu yo guha Abarwnya Leta mu izina ryabo. Ngo Banki y\u2019isi yigeze guteganya umushinga wa gereranya na wa wundi wazahuye ubukungu bw\u2019iBurayi nyuma y\u2019intambara ya kabiri y\u2019isi, ukitwa \u201cGahunda Marshall\u201d(Plan Marshall), gahunda yateguriwe u Rwanda yo yari iyo kuzahura ubuzima bw\u2019abakozi b\u2019ibanze, byakekwaga ko basenyewe amazu kandi bakeneye kongera kubaho. Leta y\u2019ubumwe bw\u2019Abanyarwanda yanze uwo mushinga kuko yasanze waba uwo guha abahutu amafaranga, cyane ko icyo gihe bwo hari hakiri intambara y\u2019abacengezi! Igihe mwarimu rero ataritabwaho, nta reme u Rwanda riteze kuzagerwaho.<\/p>\n Paul KAGAME i Butare:<\/b><\/p>\n Paul Kagame yakugiriye atya ajya gutangiza umwaka w\u2019amashuri muri Kaminuza y\u2019u Rwanda. Haba hahubutse inkokobotsi y\u2019umusaza w\u2019umwarimu muri kaminuza, imubaza aho yize kaminuza kuko ngo mu mategeko ya za kaminuza, umuntu utarize kaminuza ataba yemerewe gutangiza umwaka w\u2019amashuri muri kaminuza. Icyo gihe n\u2019umujinya mwinshi Paul KAGAME yavuze ko Yezu ntaho yize ko ariko nta muntu wubahwa cyangwa wigaruriye abantu nkawe. Agerekaho\u00a0 <\/span>ko kwiga bitabuza umuntu kuba injiji. Iryo jambo ryahaye umwanya abantu batize, gutangira gusuzugura kwiga. Ntiyagarukiye aho yakoze ibintu bitatu bikomeye:<\/p>\n Ubwicanyi<\/b>:<\/p>\n Wa Musaza w\u2019umwarimu wabajije icyo kibazo, bwarakeye basanga yapfiriye iwe, yegerejwe imbabura. Ubwo urupfu rwitirirwa kubura umwuka<\/p>\n Guhana abanyeshuri<\/b>:<\/p>\n Abanyeshuri bose ba Kaminuza bapakiwe amabisi bajya gukubitwa mu byo yari yavuze ko we yise kwandikisha ikaramu ndende, ni ukuvuga karachinikov. Abanyeshuri baguye muri iyo myitozo ya gisirikare, bakubitwa batukwa ngo basuzuye Paul Kagame ntibagira ingano<\/p>\n Gusenya Kaminuza y\u2019u Rwanda<\/b>:<\/p>\n icyo gihe Paul KAGAME, yahise yohereza Prof. KARANGWA Chrysologue kujya kuyobora Kaminuza, atumwa gukora amavugurura. Ng\u2019uko uko abarimu bari bamaze imyaka bigisha Kaminuza birukanwe ngo ntibazi icyongereza. Abo basaza, batari bafite imitungo, kuko kuba mwarimu mu Rwanda ni ukurongora ubukene, bazerereye muri Kaminuza zigenga, uwo bapfuye imbabazi bakamuha udusaha two kwigisha ariko bakamusaba kutazahingutsa aho ivogonyo nk\u2019iryo bagaragaje i Butare. Bategtswe kujya batanga amanota menshi. Ng\u2019uko uko Kaminuza y\u2019u Rwanda yarizwi gutanga uburezi bufite ireme yahindutse igicupuri buhoro buhoro ku mabwiriza ya Paul kagame<\/p>\n Gutekenika:<\/b><\/p>\n Hari igihe hakozwe ibizamini, maze ya mashuri y\u2019imyaka 12 (12YBE) u Rwanda rurata ngo rwegereje abaturage, haburamo umunyeshuri n\u2019umwe utsinda mu Karere kamwe ka Kigali. Icyakozwe ni uko amanota yahinduwe mbere y\u2019uko atangazwa kugira ngo Leta y\u2019u Rwanda idaseba. Ibyo ariko byakozwe abadiregiteri b\u2019Ibigo bya 12 batumweho, batutswe bikomeye.<\/p>\n Ibikoresho:\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n Iyo tuvuze kuburezi mu Rwanda no ku bikoresho by\u2019uburezi, abantu benshi bahita bumva ibikorwa remezo cyane cyane amashuri, kuko nayo burya agira uruhare mu gutuma umwana yiga neza. Ubucucike ubwabwo bushobora gutuma umwana yiga nabi. Urumuri ruke mu ishuri rushobora gutuma kwiga bitagenda neza. Ariko hari byinshi abantu badatekerezaho. Ese baba biga biga iki, bakoresha iki? Iki ni ikibazo kizwi na mwarimu n\u2019umunyeshuri Integanyanyigisho n\u2019imfashanyigisho<\/p>\n Ikibazo cy\u2019imfashanyigisho n\u2019integanyanyigisho: <\/b><\/p>\n Iyo urebye uko abarimu bigisha cyangwa abanyeshuri biga, usanga biteye agahinda n\u2019akababaro. Integanyanyigisho (curricula), zishobora gusohoka ariko ntizisohokane n\u2019imfashanyigisho. Icyo gihe mwarimu n\u2019umunyeshuri birwanaho. Iyo kandi urebye integanyanyigisho usanga zikorwa ku buryo zidahuye n\u2019uwo ziba ziteganyirijwe. Mu minsi yashize umwarimu wigisha Igifaransa yanteye urwenya rukomeye. Yagombaga kwigisha isomo ry\u2019Igifarans mu mwaka wa 4 w\u2019amashuri yisimbuye y\u2019imyuga mu ishami rya bizinesi. Yafashe integanyanyigisho yirwanaho arategura, ategura nta mfashanyigisho, ariko ategura isomo. Yinjiye mu ishuri abaza abana kwivuga mu gifaransa, abana nta numwe wabikoze, amatsiko amuteye abaza inyuguti zigize urwo rurimi bari bavuze ko agomba kubumvisha utuganiro, bakavuga ibyo bumvishe. Umuyeshuri w\u2019umuhanga muribo ntabwo yamenye inyuguti z\u2019igifaransa.<\/p>\n Iyo nteganyanyigisho ikorwa igahere iyo ku rwego uwo iteganyirizwa ariho imaze iki? Niho hava ko ishuri ryose ritsindwa, mwarimu agasabwa kongera amanota, ubwo umwana akimukana amanota adahuye na busa n\u2019ubumenyi afite. Nyuma y\u2019imyaka itanu uzahura n\u2019uwo mwana ntacyo azi.<\/p>\n Ku mfashanyigisho byo birazwi cyane rwose ko hari izisohoka noneho zigasanga integanyanyigisho zakorewe yaravuyeho. Iyo usuye ibigo by\u2019amashuri bakwereka umurundo w\u2019ibitabo batigeze bakoresha, Leta yohereje curricula izi neza ko bitazakoreshwa. Ibyo bitabo biba byaratanzweho amamiriyari utabarura. Aha hari ipfundo rikomeye ry\u2019ireme ry\u2019uburezi.<\/p>\n Umuryango Mpuzamahanga ushinzwe Uburezi n\u2019Umuco, UNESCO, usaba ko buri gihugu byibuze cyashyira 8% by\u2019ingengo y\u2019imari yabyo mu burezi. Ibi kuba ari ukugira ngo igihugu kibashe kutuma uburezi bubona abarezi nyabo n\u2019ibikoresho bigezweho bitari nka za laptop z\u2019abana zazanjwe mu Rwanda, zidafite aho gushyira Flash Disk, ahubwo zifite aho gushyira disquette kandi icyo gikoresho kitagikorwa! Mu byo UNESCO isaba, harimo no guha abarimu imishahara myiza, ariko nk\u2019uko rwabikomojeho, umwarimu mu Rwanda ni nk\u2019umukorerabushake. Hari umuyobozi wigeze kubwira urubyruko, mu biganiro ko akazi k\u2019ubwarimu karutwa n\u2019ako gucuruza amagi\u00a0 <\/span>cyangwa ubunyobwa ku isahani! Kuko ucuruza amagi ashobora kunguka buri munsi ibihumbi bibiri, bingana n\u2019ibihumbi 60 ku kwezi, mu gihe mwarimu wirirwa asakuza ahembwa ibihumbi 45 gusa. Nyamara mwarimu akazi ke ntikagira ikiruhuko kuko iyo\u00a0 <\/span>Atari mu ishuri, aba akosora cyangwa ategura amasomo.<\/p>\n Abakora mu bwarimu<\/b><\/p>\n Kubera ko akazi k\u2019ubwarimu kadahemba neza, abagakora ni ababuze ibindi bakora. Abahanga bose bigira mu bindi maze, mwarimu agasigara ari wa wundi wabuze icyo akora, uhora mu bizamini bya buri munsi ngo arebe ko yakira uwo muruho. Umukozi nk\u2019uwo ntabwo wamutegaho umusaruro wundi uretse nyine uwaturutse muri iyo mihangayiko yose. Hari inkuru yigeze kuvugwa mu Rwanda y\u2019umwarimu wari umaze imyaka 37 yigisha kandi afite impamyabumenyi ya kaminuza. Byavugwaga ko amaze iyo myaka yose yayimaze mu bukode ko agiye kuzasezererwa atarabashije no kurundarunda akaruri k\u2019amasaziro. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Politiki y\u2019uburezi\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n Reka nkore iriburiro kuri iki gice ntanga agakuru gasekeje. Mu 2004, umuntu yagiye kugura ibikoresho byo kwakira amashusho kuri TELE 10, umuntu yagezeyo yakirwa n\u2019abakobwa babiri ababwira ibyo aje kugura barabishaka ariko bigeze mu gihe cyo gukora inyemezabwishyu barasigana, babura uko bayikora, nyamara bari bavuye kwiga muri kaminuza yigenga ya Kigali ULK; nyuma ngo haje umugabo wari ubakuriye afata umukiriya ajya kumukorera iyo nyemezabwishyu. Uwo mugabo yari afite amashuri atandatu mu ishami ry\u2019ubukungu. Niwe wabwiye umukiriya iby\u2019abo bakobwa. Umukoresha wabo bantu ntiyari ayobewe ko abo bakobwa bafite impamyabishobozi za Kaminuza, ngo umwe amugire ukuriya icyo gice gishinzwe ubucuruzi. Kuki rero byari bimeze gutyo? Ni byo tugiye kurebe muri iki gice kigaragaza ibyemezo bya politiki byazambije uburezi bw\u2019u Rwanda ku buryo abanyarwanda bose bari bakwiye guhaguruka bakayibaza impamvu irikwica abana bayo mu gihe abana b\u2019abayobozi bo biyigira mu mashuri akomeye<\/p>\n Ikosa rya mbere rikomeye: Uburezi kuri bose<\/b><\/p>\n Mbere y\u2019ubu butegetsi bwa FPR-Inkotanyi, mu Rwanda hari Politiki y\u2019uburezi itajegajega, yari igamije koko guha umunyeshuri ubwenge, ku buryo ibihugu bituranye n\u2019u Rwanda rwose byari bizi ko mu Rwanda hari uburezi. Abaganda bari baziko Abanyarwanda ku mibare n\u2019ibindi byitwa siyansi ari abahanga cyane. Sisitemu yariho yagenderaga ku Bubiligi na Kanada. Izo sisitemu z\u2019ibyo bihugu byombi zitwa sisitemu so kurema intiti (Systeme \u00e9litiste). Ibi ntibivuga ko ibi bihugu bidafite abantu benshi bize cyangwa ngo abaswa badashoboye kwiga igihe kirekore bajugunywa. Bagira amashuri yabo amara igihe gito, umuntu akiga umwuga umutunze, atari ngombwa kumara imyaka itandatu yose. Muri ibyo bihugu icyo bitaho ni ukugira abarimu b\u2019abahanga, abo bahanga bakazakora abandi bahanga. Abadashoboye kwiga, bagashyirirwaho amashuri y\u2019ihige gito. Aha niho Leta ya FRP-Inkotanyi yibeshye maze yumva ko umwana wese ashoboye kwiga amashuri atandatu, akajya kaminuza. Nibwo hagiyeho ibyiswe uburezi kuri bose. Ubwo burezi kuri bose, rwazanye n\u2019uruvangavange rw\u2019ibintu byinshi byatumye koko uburezi bw\u2019u Rwanda buba \u201cagatogo\u201d. Nyamara hari n\u2019ababaye Abaminisitiri n\u2019ubu bakiri abayobozi bize muri sisitemu ya mbere ya Leta y\u2019a FPR-Inkotanyi. Hari nka MUJAWAMARIYA Jeanne d\u2019Arc yize mu Rwanda, Dr. Vincent BIRUTA\u2026 Kuki batabonaga ko sistemu y\u2019uburezi ababaga bakuriye ipfuye?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Imitangire y\u2019amanota no kwimura bose\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n Hamaze gucibwa iteka ko uburezi ari ubwa bose, hatekerejwe uburyo abo bose bashorerwa mpaka barangjie amashuri yisumbuye. Nibwo hajeho uburyo bushya bwo gutanga amanota, aho umarimu agomba kubaza ku buryo abanyeshuri bose batsinda. Ibyo ntibarekeye aho, basabye ko neneho n\u2019abatsinzwe, ni ukuvuga abagize amanota ari munsi ya 50%, nabo bashobora kwimuka. Aha habonetse ingaruka zikomeye cyane. Umwana yigaga ntabyo yitayeho kuko yari azi neza ko nubwo yatsindwa azimuka. Aha ikintu cyaheshaga umwana wa kera icyubahiro kiba gitaye agaciro. Umwarimu nawe bari bamutesheje gaciro kuko umwana aba aziko mwarimu bazamutegeka kumwongerera amanota cyangwa se nubwo yatsindwa akazimuka, ngiryo ishyano ryaguye bwa mbere. Twibutseko mbere ya 1990, umunyeshuri atashoboraga kwimuka hari amasomo arenze abiri mu masomo ajyanye n\u2019ibyo yiga yatsinzwe n\u2019ubwo yabaga afite na 60%. Yarasibiraga ufite amanota ari munsi ya 60%, ariko watsinze byose akimuka. Njya kwiga muri Kaminuza y\u2019u Rwanda, muri 1992 nasanze mu mwaka wa mbere umuntu wari wasibijwe n\u2019amasomo abiri gusa, ariko rimwe muri iryo ryari ryakuweho. Kwimukana isomo watsinzwe muri kaminuza y\u2019u Rwanda byasabaga kuba ufite byibuze 12\/20 kandi iryo somo rikaba ritarengeje amakeredi 2, nabwo wagizemo byibuze 8\/20, bitaba ibyo warasibiraga. Uwashaka kumenya ukuri kuri ibi yabaza urubanza rwa Mwarimu RWASUBUTARE Jean Bosco n\u2019Umunyeshuri NGOBOKA Jean Paul. Isomo ry\u2019amakeredi 2 ryatumye asabwa gusibira mu mwaka wa nyuma wa Kaminuza y\u2019u Rwanda i Nyakinama amwigizaho nkana kubera ikibazo cy\u2019amoko. Yarasibiye kubera isomo rimwe, dore ko yari yararangije no gusobanura igitabo (D\u00e9fense de la m\u00e9moire), akabonamo amanota menshi cyane. Ubu ubikoze byakwitwa ukundi. Ubu umuntu yimukana amasomo akajya asubira inyuma kuyakora!\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Amasegisiyo uruhuri<\/b><\/p>\n Mu rwego rwo kujijisha no kugaragaza ko ahari ikiri gukorwa, mu Rwanda haje ibyigwa (sections), twavuga ko ntacyo zimaze uretse gukangaranya abantu gusa. Uwayavuga ntiyabona aho ayandika. Uyu munsi iki kikaba cyaje, ejo bakakivanaho. Ibi byatumye abantu barangiza amashuri yisumbuye nta kintu kizima wamubaza gukora ngo akikwereke. Kuri aya masegisiyo, hiyongeyeho kwa kwiga abana bataha iwabo, mu mashuri yiswe Imyaka 12 y\u2019ibanze(12YBE). Iyi myaka yabaye indiri y\u2019ubuswa kuko ku ikubitiro nta barimu bari bahari, abarimu bigishaga amashuri abanza bamwe bahise batangira kwigishamo mu gihe vuba na bwangu Kaminuza yaririrmo gukora abarimu bafite impamyabushobozi y\u2019urwego rwa mbere rwa kaminuza. Nk\u2019uko nabikomojeho, mu bizamini bya Leta bitangwa harangiye icyiciro iki n\u2019iki, hari amashuri yashobora kutagira n\u2019umunyeshuri n\u2019umwe watsinze. Njye ubwanjye ubabwira, muri 2016 nafashe urutonde rw\u2019abanyeshuri bagera kuri 240 b\u2019Ikigo cyitwa Nyamugari mu Karere ka Ngoma, nsanga nta munyeshuri n\u2019umwe watsinze ngo agire amanota yazamujyana mu mashuri yandi atari aya 12YBE. Abana nabo bigaga icyo gihe muri ibyo bigo bigaga bazi ko ari abo mu rwego rwa nyuma, bakajyayo ari ukugira ngo ababyeyi babo badahanwa. Abo bana usanga barangije amashuri yisumbuye atazi no kwandika. Ngabo abo Leta y\u2019u Rwanda yikirigita igaseka ngo ifite abantu bize kandi\u00a0 <\/span>batashobora no kwandika ibaruwa isaba akazi! Ngabo abashomeri Leta ivuga ko ifte nyamara n\u2019uwahimba akazi akaba atamenya ako abahimbira.<\/p>\n Kwiga icyongereza<\/b><\/p>\n Icyemezo cyaje gisonga umupfu wari ugisambagurika, ni icyemezo cyo kwigisha mu rurimi rw\u2019icyongereza. Ni icyemezo gihubukiyeho kuko ingaruka zacyo zizashira nka nyuma y\u2019imyaka 50. Icyambere umuntu yavuga ako ari icyemezo gicuritse, ntabwo washyiraho kwigihsa mu cyongereza, uwo usaba kucyigishamo atazi na mwaramutse mu cyongereza? Ubusanzwe hagombaga kubanza guhugura abarimu, nyuma bamaze kugira icyo bamenya, bakabona ubushyiraho kucyigamo.. Bivuga ko abarimu bashyiriweho amahugurwa ari nako baswaba kuza guhita wigisha. Ibi byageze muri Kaminuza y\u2019u Rwanda bihateza akavuyo; nyamara bo bari barabanje gushakisha igisubizo bashyiraho ishuri ry\u2019indimi. ugiye muri Kaminuza z\u2019u Rwanda yanyuragamo. Ako benshi bagashimira Minitiri MULIGANDE dore ko abanyarwenya icyo cyiciro cyo kwiga indimi cyitwaga EPLM, bakibyiriye \u201cEcole Primaire Libre de Muligande\u201d. Nubwo wumvako cyari gisuzuguwe byibuze cyari igisubizo cyiza cyashoboraga gutuma u rwanda rukomeza kugira abo barimu b\u2019intiti bize mu Gifaransa, ab\u2019icyongereza bakaziramo maze u Rwanda rukagira intiti zisohoka muri kaminuza zivuga izo ndimi zombi. Icyabaye ni uko abarimu batirukanywe, bahawe amahugurwa y\u2019icyongereza, ariko iyo urebye, kimwe na bagenzi babo bo mu mashuri yisumbuye, biyigishiriza mu Kinyarwanda!<\/p>\n Gutesha agaciro amashuri<\/b><\/p>\n Mbere y\u2019uko Paul KAGAME atesha agaciro Kminuza y\u2019u Rwanda, yita abarimu baho injiji bugacya yoherezayo Prof KARWANGWA Chrysologue kwirukana Intiti zarimo zikoresha igifaransa zikabeshyerwa ko zishaje, Kaminuza y\u2019u Rwanda, cyane cyane Ishami rya Butare, yarubahwaga cyane yemwe no mu zindi kamiza za Leta nka KIE na KIST. Ku buryo abanyeshuri bigaga KIE na KIST rwose bafataga UNR, nka bakuru babo. Kaminuza zigenga zo zari zarakuye ingofero ariko Politiki yo kwirukana, abarimu bakoze muri sistemu za kera byatumye Kaminuza y\u2019u Rwanda ita agaciro mu gihe hari kuza izo mu mahanga zikomeye zigwamo n\u2019abana bakomeye. Izo Kaminuza ni nka University of Global Health Equity I Butaro, Carnegie Mellon Uviersity in Rwanda. Nyamara mbere abana ba Minisitiri bahuriraga n\u2019abana bikuriye mu cyaro hasi muri Kaminuza y\u2019u Rwanda i Butare cyangwa I Nyakinama bakigana, bakabana mu macumbi amwe. Ibyo byatumaga basangira no kumenya isura y\u2019Igihugu bari kwitegura gukorera, ibyo bikavamo no kunga ubumwe ariko ubu harimo haravuka itandukaniro\u00a0 <\/span>u myigira y\u2019abana b\u2019u Rwanda, ubwo no mu bana b\u2019u Rwanda, ku buryo mu minsi iri imbere hari diporome zitazajya zihabwa akazi kubera ko zatanzwe na Kaminuza zitazwi. Gutanya Abanyarwanda kurenze uko ni ukuhe?<\/p>\n Minisiteri utamenya umubare w\u2019abaminisitiri<\/b><\/p>\n Kimwe mu bindi bintu bituma ireme ry\u2019uburezi ritakara ni imicumgire y\u2019iyi Minisiteri. Minisiteri y\u2019uburezi niyo Minisiteri idashobora gusigara iyo habaye impinduka muri guverinoma, kubera akajagari kenshi kugeza ubwo noneho na Perezida Paul KAGAME, atabyihanganira akabaza abayoboraga iyo minisiteri imikorere yabo. Ubwo ni ejobundi muri 2017, ubwo yayoborwaga na Papias Musafiri MALIMBA muri 2017, byagaragaraga ko we n\u2019Abanyamabanga ba Leta babiri baba muri iyo Minisiteri, ushinzwe amashuri abanza n\u2019ayisumbuye n\u2019ushinzwe ubumenyingiro badashyira hamwe. Nyuma ya Papias MALIMBA haje Dr. Eugene MUTIMURA, guhera mu mpera za Gashyantare 2020, ubu hari Dr. Valentine UWAMARIYA. Ni umwitozo ukomeye kuba wamenya abaminisitiri bose basimburanye muri Minisiteri y\u2019Uburezi ariko barenga 15. Urebye\u00a0 <\/span>buri minisitiri azana agashya ke, noneho kukumvihanaho n\u2019abanyamabanga babiri iyo minisiteri igira, akenshi bikananirana.<\/p>\n Ingaruka zo gutakara kw\u2019ireme ry\u2019uburezi ni nyinshi cyane, haba ku barerwa, ku miryango yabo, ku muryango nyarwanda muri rusange. Igihugu ntabwo cyatera imbere neza kandi vuba kidafite abahanga benshi, kidafite abayobozi barezwe cyangwa bize neza, kidafite abashakashatsi, kidafite abakozi bafite ubumenyi buhagije. Hari imirimo iboneka mu gihugu igakorwa n\u2019abanyamahanga, kubera ko nta bumenyi n\u2019abahanga bihagije dufite. Ibigo byinshi nk\u2019Ikigo cy\u2019ingufu(REG) gikoresha ibiro by\u2019abikorera cyane (Consultance), ukaba wakeka ko nta bakozi gifite. Barimo ariko ntibashaka gukora cyangwa ntibazi icyo gukora. Ibyo byose rero bituma hari amafaranga menshi asohoka, hari nk\u2019agura ibikoresho twakagombye kuba twikorera hano iwacu, ariko nta bumenyi buhagije dufite. Itakara ry\u2019ireme ry\u2019uburezi rizatera igihugu kugira abashomeri benshi. Urugero rufatika ni urwa Minisiteri y\u2019uburezi ubwayo yatanze ibizamini ku bapiganira imyanya mu burezi. Minisiteri yasanze 85% batsinzwe, bibuze ko nta bumenyi n\u2019ubushobozi bari bafite. Ariko byarangiye bahumirije babashyira mu kazi: ni ugufata impunyi ngo iyobore indi, zose zirangirira mu rwobo. Ngaho aho ikibazo cy\u2019ireme ry\u2019uburezi kirimo kiganisha igihugu cy\u2019u Rwanda, abantu benshi bize ni byiza, ariko abo bantu bize nta bumenyi ni umutwaro ku gihugu no kuri bo ubwabo. Ibyo ni byo bigiye kubyara ubushomeri ku bantu biyita ko bize, kandi ubushomeri bubyara ibintu bibi gusa harimo ubujura, uwambuzi, uburaya,ubwonazi, ubusinzi. Abo bantu ariko kandi ni pepiniyeri yo kuvanamo abarakare bashobora no kuvamo abanzi b\u2019igihugu.<\/p>\n Muri rusange uburezi bw\u2019u Rwanda bwarazambye, ireme ryarapfuye kandi ibyo byose bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku muryango nyarwanda no ku gihugu ubwacyo. Uhereye mu muryango kubera ibibazo byamunze umuryango nyarwanda birimo amakimbiranye anyuranye, ubukene, abana ntibatekanye bityo ngo bige batuje. Iyo bageze ku ishuri ibibazo biriyongera kuko akenshi bigishwa n\u2019abarimu nabo badafite ubuhanga nyabwo bitewe n\u2019uko bize nabi cyangwa uburyo bahawemo akazi ari ikimenyane. Mwarimu kandi ntabwo ashishikariye umurimo we kubera ko, mwarimu wahoze asangira na Burugumesitiri, bakabyarana abana muri batisimu, ubu ntiyakandagira ahi meya yicaye kuko ubu umushahara we usigaye ugereranywa n\u2019uw\u2019abacuruza ubunyobwa, mwarimu ntiyishimye. Iyo agiye kwigisha bwo asanga integanyanyigisha zihabanye n\u2019ubumenyi bw\u2019abana, agategekwa ahubwo gutanga amanota y\u2019ubusa. Umwana w\u2019ubu ashobora kurangiza kwiga atabonye ku gitabo cy\u2019imfashanyigisho cyangwa igitabo kimugeraho kikaza impitagihe integanyanyigisho yacyo yarahise kera.<\/p>\n Ibi byose ariko usanga byarazambijwe na politiki yo kwiga kuri bose yazanywe n\u2019ubutegestsi bwa FPR-Inkotanyi kuko mbere mu Rwanda hari sisitemu yo kwiga yaremaga intiti nyazo, zikabonerwa n\u2019akazi. Amavugurura anyuranye ajyanye n\u2019imyimukire y\u2019abana, aho kwimuka amanota atitabwaho byatumye abana bumva amanota ntacyo avuze, akabona yakwiga atakwiga n\u2019ubundi azimuka. Nyamara ibyo byose byo kuzambya uburezi bw\u2019u Rwanda biba mu gihe Igihugu cyafunguriye amarembo kaminuza zikomeye zo hanze. Izi kaminuza zihenze zigwamo n\u2019abana b\u2019abifite. Ng\u2019uko uko hagati y\u2019Abana b\u2019u Rwanda hagiye kuzamo urundi rwobo rubatandukanya.<\/p>\n Leta y\u2019u Rwanda yarikwiye kwicaza abahanga bayo mu burezi, abo baminisitiri bayoboye iriya minisiteri, dore\u00a0 <\/span>ko ari benshi cyane bakabashyira ahantu, nka cya gihe cy\u2019ibiganiro byo muri Village Urugwiro n\u2019ubwo ibyavuyemo bitakurikijwe, maze bakavugutira umuti ikibazo cy\u2019uburezi bw\u2019u Rwanda, bamwe bwagiye butakariza ireme mu biganza byabo.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Yanditswe na RUGEMINTWAZA Erasme Hashize iminsi, aho ugiye hose, haba mu cyaro cyangwa mu mijyi, yaba uwize cyangwa se utarize wumva havugwa ngo \u201cuburezi bwataye ireme\u201d. Yewe n\u2019abanshinzwe ubwo burezi, ntibatinya kubivuga, bakabyivumburaho, ariko ugategereza icyakorwa ugaheba. Ukabona ko abantu basa n\u2019abahebeye urwaje. Urwo rwaje tuzi twese, rwaje gute, rwazanywe nande? Turwemere se nta buryo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":42827,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[77],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42825","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-isesengura"],"yoast_head":"\nUbushobozi (ibikoresho)<\/b><\/h3>\n
Inkuru nyazo zandagaza uburezi.<\/b><\/h3>\n
Ubushobozi bw\u2019imari<\/b><\/h3>\n
Umwanzuro<\/b><\/h3>\n