Iri shyaka rifite umutwe w’ingabo zirwanira muri Congo, rigizwe n’abahutu bari impunzi muri Congo, uretse ko hari abandi bagenda barisanga bavuye mu Rwanda. Akenshi biturutse mu itotezwa bakorerwa, inkiko za gacaca n’izindi mpamvu zitandukanye.
Iri shyaka ryatangiye, rikurikira ALIR yari imaze gushyirwa ku rutonde rw’imitwe y’iterabwoba. Ingabo zaryo abazigize harimo abahoze mu ngabo z’u Rwanda (FAR) ndetse n’abandi bari abana bato bakuriye mu mashyamba ya Congo.
Nyuma y’aho FPR ifatiye ubutegetsi muri 1994, abanyarwanda benshi bahungiye muri Congo, mu nkambi zari zihari.
Ibihugu byinshi ndetse n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, nyuma yo kureka abanyarwanda bakamarana ntibatabare ngo batandukanye abarwanaga ngo bahagarike ubwicanyi bwakorwaga, byahisemo gufasha uruhande rumwe arirwo rwa Leta yari imaze kujyaho. Bishobora kuba byaratewe n’uko ubwicanyi bwakozwe n’abahutu aribwo bwagaragaye cyane, kubera ko akenshi bwakozwe n’abaturage batari bafite ubumenyi buhagije, babukorera ku mugaragaro kandi batari bazi ingaruka bizatera nyuma. Naho ubwakozwe n’uruhande rwa FPR bukaba bwarakozwe n’abasirikare mu ibanga rikomeye kandi mu buryo bwizweho neza ku buryo binaruhije n’ubu kubibonera ibimenyetso (ubu bwicanyi ntabwo bakozwe n’abasirikari bose ba APR ahubwo bwakozwe n’igice kimwe cy’abasirikari batoranyijwe, bizewe batojwe ubuhanga bwo kwica no gusibanganya ibimenyetso mu gihe gito. Abari barahungiye muri Congo n’ubwo bose batari baragize uruhare mu bwicanyi bose bafashwe nk’abicanyi amahanga arabatererana. Babanje guhatirwa gutaha, ariko kuko abenshi bari bafite ubwoba cyangwa bariboneye ubwicanyi bwa FPR n’amaso yabo, Hagiye hatahuka abantu bake cyane.
Muri 1996, nyuma yo kwitegura bihagije no gutoza abanyekongo bo mu bwoko bw’abatutsi. Bagize urwitwazo itoteza abandi banyekongo bagiriraga abo batutsi b’abanyekongo, batera Congo bashyize Laurent Désiré Kabira imbere nk’agakingirizo. Ingabo za Zaïre ya Mobutu ntabwo zashoboye kwihagararaho ngo zirwanye abari bateye ahubwo zakijijwe n’amaguru. Ingabo za Kagame zahise zitera inkambi z’abanyarwanda nk’uko Kagame yabyivugiye kugirango: ”ABAGOMBA KURASWA BARASWE, ABAGOMBA GUCYURWA BACYURWE”. Koko niko byagenze, ariko hari bamwe bashoboye kurokoka bihisha mu mashyamba, abandi nyuma y’urugendo rurenze 3000 km bagenda bicwa urusorongo, bashobora kugera mu bihugu bituranye na Congo.
Hagati aho u Rwanda rwashoboye gufata Congo, rushyira ku butegetsi Laurent Désiré Kabira. Bidateye kabiri yanze agasuzuguro k’abanyarwanda intambara iba irarose. Ibihugu byinshi byaramutabaye, maze Congo iba isibaniro hagati y’ibyo bihugu bihanganye n’ U Rwanda rwikingirije ishyaka rya RCD, u Burundi na Uganda. Kabira yahise yiyambaza impunzi z’abanyarwanda zari mu bihugu bituranye na Congo dore ko zari zimaze no gufasha Sasou Ngweso gufata ubutegetsi muri Congo Brazzaville. Izo ngabo z’abanyarwanda zarwaniriye Kabira zimufatiye runini cyane ku buryo abareba kure bemeza ko iyo atazigira aba yaravuyeho rugikubita n’ubwo bwose yari afite ibihugu bimushyigikiye. Kabira yaje kwicwa bitunguranye, maze umuhungu we ahita atangira imishyikirano. Yahise yiyibagiza inkunga izo ngabo zahaye se, (dore ko nawe iyo atazigira aba yaraguye ahitwa Poweto) maze azambura intwaro ashaka kuzohereza ku ngufu mu Rwanda. Abenshi baratorotse aho bari baregeranirijwe i Kamina muri Katanga, bayobowe na Général Major I.G Mudacumura, aribo ALIR 1 bashobora gusanga ikindi gice cyari mu mashyamba ya Kivu aricyo ALIR 2 cyari kiyobowe na Général Rwarakabije. Uyu yari yarasimbuye ba Lt Col BEM Nkundiye na Lt Col Dr Mugemanyi bari baraguye ku rugamba mu Rwanda. Mbibutse ko muri iyo ntambara yiswe iy’abacengezi yabereye mu majyaruguru y’igihugu, ingabo za Kagame zayigize urwitwazo zikica abaturage batagira ingano muri ako karere.
Abari ALIR baje guhindura izina bitwa FDLR (Front Démocratique de Libération du Rwanda) kubera ko ALIR yari imaze gushyirwa ku rutonde rw’imitwe y’iterabwoba. FDLR yahise ishyiraho ubuyobozi bushya bugizwe n’abantu bashya Leta ya Kigali itari kubona icyo irega imbere y’amahanga. Aribo Ignace Murwanashyaka, Straton Musoni, Alexis Nshimiyimana, Callixte Mbarushimana n’abandi..
Kubera impamvu zitandukanye bamwe mu bayobozi ba gisirikare bahora batahuka mu Rwanda, bagahabwa imyanya yo kugirango bareshye abasigaye mu mashyamba. Navuga nka Général Rwarakabije (ubu niwe ushinzwe amagereza, sinzi niba ariko kazi basanze kamukwiriye cyangwa ari uburyo bwo kuzamugerekaho imibereho mibi abanyapolitiki bafunze bafite muri Gereza.) Hari na Général Ngandahimana, ubu arimo gukoreshwa mu gushinja abafaransa (Rapport Mucyo) no guhakana icyegeranyo cya ONU ku bwicanyi bwakorewe abanyarwanda b’abahutu muri Congo (Mapping report). Iri shyaka ryaje gucikamo ibice, igice kinini gisigarana na Ignace Murwanashyaka na Général Mudacumura, ikindi gifata izina rya RUD – Urunana.
Nyuma yo kwigomeka ku butegetsi kwa Général Nkunda wakoreshwaga n’u Rwanda akenda no gufata umujyi wa Goma, u Rwanda rwagiranye amasezerano na Congo yari ashingiye ku bintu bibiri by’ingenzi:
Kureka ingabo za Kagame zikinjira muri Congo ku mugaragaro(Zari zisanzweyo rwihishwa) zigakurikirana FDLR
Kubuza Général Nkunda gukomeza guteza umutekano mucye muri Kivu. Nkunda yarafashwe ubu afungiye mu Rwanda.
Icyo gikorwa kiswe ”Umoja Wetu”, ariko ntabwo cyashoboye gutsinda FDLR burundu. Habaye n’ibindi bikorwa byiswe Kimya 1 na 2 ariko nabyo ntacyo byashoboye kugeraho.
Nyuma yo kunanirwa gutsinda burundu FDLR, Leta y’u Rwanda ikoresheje itangazamakuru, n’imiryango imwe n’imwe itagengwa na Leta, bahagurukiye kurwanya FDLR bakurikije za Rapports n’inkuru ku bijyanye n’iyicwa ry’abasiviri, gufata abagore ku ngufu no gucukura amabuye y’agaciro. Bakoresheje ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe bikorwa n’abasirikari ba FDLR nyirizina, barabikabirije cyane ndetse bayigerekaho n’ibikorwa byose n’abasirikari ba Congo, imitwe itandukanye ifite intwaro y’abakongomani, n’abasirikari ba Kagame bari muri Congo rwihishwa. Ubu ikibaye cyose muri Kivu cyitirirwa FDLR yaba ariyo yabikoze cyangwa atari yo.
Ubwo buryo bwo kurwanya FDLR bushyashya bwaje gutanga imbuto kuko ubu abayobozi bose ba FDLR bari mu burayi barafashwe bari mu nkiko: Murwanashyaka na Musoni mu Budage, Mbarushimana i La Haye.(yarekuwe na ICC kuko abacamanza basanze ibimenyetso bimushinja uruhare yaba yaragize mu byaha by’intambara byakorewe muri Congo bidahagije. Ariko akigera mu Bufaransa yamenyeshejwe ko hari ibindi birego bimureba agomba kuburana mu Bufaransa ku bijyanye na Génocide)
FDLR irimo abantu bari mu bice bitandukanye ariko nababwira iby’ingenzi:
Icyi gice cya mbere kigizwe n’abafite umurongo ukarishye badakozwa ibyo gutahuka cyangwa kugira ikindi kintu cyose cyabahuza na Leta ya Kigali kirimo bibiri:
a.igice cy’abantu badashobora gutaha mu Rwanda n’iyo wagira gute, akenshi kubera ubwicanyi bwakorewe n’ingabo za Kagame mu Rwanda ndetse no muri Congo ku miryango yabo, bumva barihaze bazarwana kugeza kuwa nyuma, iki gice kirimo abana bakuriye muri Congo babonye ababyeyi babo bicwa, aba Ex FAR bamwe bumva igihe cyo gushyira intwaro hasi kitaragera. Kandi ko kujya mu Rwanda ari ukujya kuba igikoresho cya FPR yamara kugukoresha ikakujugunya cyangwa ikagushakira icyaha ugafungwa, hari ingero nyinshi zibatera gutekereza gutyo.
b.igice cyigizwe n’abashobora kuba baragize uruhare mu bwicanyi bw’abatutsi muri 1994, batinya gutaha ngo badafungwa cyangwa bakicwa.
Igice cya 2 kigizwe n’abadafite amakuru ahagije y’ibibera mu Rwanda, hari n’abafite imiryango mu Rwanda ariko bifitiye ubwoba gusa. Cyangwa bageze muri Congo vuba bahunze Gacaca n’akandi karengane, ku buryo iyo babonye ubuzima bubananiye cyangwa ibibazo bahunga bobona bigabanije ubukana bahebera urwaje bagatahuka. Iki gice ni nacyo kirimo abagore n’abana b’abo barwanyi.
Igice cya 3 kirimo abashyigikiye FDRL bari mu Rwanda. Barimo ibice bibiri by’ingenzi:
a.Igice cya mbere kirimo abatahutse bakabeshya ko bitandukanije na FDLR ariko bagakomeza kuyikorera rwihishwa mu gihugu imbere, harimo abari mu buzima busanzwe bwa gisiviri, abasirikari, ndetse hari n’abari mu buyobozi. Rimwe na rimwe basimbukira muri Congo bajyanye amakuru, ibikoresho n’amafaranga abayishyigikiye baba batanze avuye mu Rwanda, muri Africa, i Burayi n’America.
b.Ababa mu Rwanda batahutse kera cyangwa batigeze bahunga, batanga imfashanyo z’amafaranga cyangwa bakaba bayishyigikiye rwihishwa ntawe ubizi. Abenshi babiterwa n’urwango bafitiye Leta ya Kagame kubera ubwicanyi bwakorewe imiryango yabo mu Rwanda, Congo no mu ntambara y’abacengezi; ibikobwa bibi bakorerwa na leta, Gacaca, cyangwa amasano bafitanye n’abari mu Buyobozi bwa FDLR. Iki gice kirimo abayishyigikiye batanga inkunga y’amafaranga n’ibitekerezo baba mu mahanga, muri Africa, I Burayi, America n’ahandi.
Kuba rifite intwaro byatumye bamwe mu banyarwanda bahungiye mu mashyamba ya Congo baticwa cyangwa ngo bagirirwe nabi.
Iri shyaka rikunze gukoreshwa na Leta y’u Rwanda nk’urwitwazo mu guteza umutekano muke muri Congo, gutera ubwoba abaturage b’abatutsi ko abahutu bari muri Congo bazaza bagakomeza Genocide, guhimbira abanyapolitiki ibyaha n’ibindi.. Mu minsi ishize ryaregwaga ibikorwa byo gutera ibisasu bya grenade na leta y’u Rwanda.
Amakuru amwe n’amwe avuga ko abahoze muri FDLR benshi batahuka mu Rwanda basubizwa muri Congo bagakomeza gukora nka aba FDLR ariko bakorera Leta yu Rwanda, ahanini bahabwa amabwiriza yo gukorera abanyekongo ibikorwa by’urugomo ndetse bagasiga inyuma ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ari aba FDLR, ikindi abo nibo bakoreshwa cyane na Leta y’u Rwanda mu gucukura no kurinda ibirombe by’amabuye y’agaciro u Rwanda rufite muri Congo.
Ikintu gikomeje gutangaza abantu n’uko Leta y’u Rwanda, burigihe ikunze kurega FDLR kuba igizwe n’abantu ngo bakoze Génocide. Nyamara iyo hagize abatahuka bagatangira gukorana na Leta ya Kagame nta n’umwe ushyikirizwa ubutabera, ahubwo bazamurwa mu ntera. Ibi bituma abantu bibaza niba kutavuga rumwe na Kagame bisobanura kuba umuntu yarakoze Génocide! Cyangwa gukorana na FPR bikaba bihanagura ibyaha byose bijyanye na Génocide umuntu adaciye imbere y’inkiko.
Ubwanditsi
