Banyarwanda, Banyarwandakazi,
Kwizihiza imyaka mirongo itanu y’ubwigenge bw’igihugu cyacu kuri uyu wa mbere Nyakanga 2012 ni igikorwa gihambaye kizakomeza kwibukwa mu mateka y’U Rwanda. Mu kwifatanya n’Abanyarwanda muri iki gikorwa, ishyaka RDI ryifuje ko twasubiza amaso inyuma, tukibukiranya intambwe z’ingenzi zatewe mu kwigobotora ingoma ya cyami-gihake n’iya gikolonize, ndetse tukavuga ibigwi abayobozi b’imena ba Revolisiyo yo muw’1959.
Iyo Revolisiyo ni yo dukesha Repubulika muw’1961, n’ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda muw’1962.
Kuri uyu munsi ariko, tuboneyeho no kwibutsa ko bikwiye guharanira ko imitegekere y’u Rwanda ivugururwa, mu rwego rwo guhosha amakimbirane yo kurwanira ubutegetsi yokamye igihugu cyacu, na n’ubu akaba agenda arushaho gukaza umurego, cyane cyane kuva aho umutwe FPR-Inkotanyi ufatiye ubutegetsi ku ngufu za gisirikare mu mwaka w’1994.
Guhindura imitegekere, mu nzego zose, ni byo byonyine bishobora gusubiza Abanyarwanda icyizere batakaje kubera ubutegetsi bubi bukora amahano, bugatuma igihugu gihora gicura imiborogo.
Kugira ngo Repubulika n’ubwigenge twabonye twiyushye akuya binogere rubanda koko, ni ngombwa ko ubutegetsi bushingira imizi ku mahame ya demokarasi kandi bukubahiriza uburenganzira busesuye bwa buri mwenegihugu, nta busumbane cyangwa ivangura iryo ari ryo ryose.
Iri jambo ry’ishyaka RDI ku bwigenge bw’igihugu cyacu rikubiye mu ngingo enye z’ingenzi :
I. DEMOKARASI N’UBURINGANIRE MU BENEGIHUGU NI BYO SHINGIRO RY’UBWIGENGE
Rwagati mu kinyejana cya 20, abakoloni batunguwe n’uburyo ibihugu byari ku ngoyi yabo byakangukiye rimwe, bigasaba ubwigenge bishishikaye. Ni ko byagendekeye n’Akoloni b’Ababiligi bari mu Rwanda. Mu gihe Leta y’Ababiligi yakoraga ibishoboka byose ngo itinze ubwigenge bw’ibihugu byari mumaboko yayo, indobanure z’Abatutsi zari ku ngoma mu Rwanda, zo zari zishishikajwe no kugumana indonke z’ubutegetsi bwa cyami na gihake, zigasaba ko igihugu gihita gihabwa ubwigenge, ubundi ingoma ya cyami igakomeza gukandamiza rubanda nk’uko byari bisanzwe. Ku rundi ruhande, impirimbanyi ziganjemo Abahutu zari zegereye rubanda rwapyinagajwe n’ingoma ya gihake, na zo zaharaniraga kugeza u Rwanda ku bwigenge, ariko zigasaba zikomeje ko habanza kubaho demokarasi n’uburinganire mu benegihugu bose.
Abari ku ngoma icyo gihe ntibakozwaga igitekerezo cyo gushyikirana n’impirimbanyi zaharaniraga demokarasi. Ahubwo bahisemo gusagarira abo barwanashyaka mu magambo ndetse no kubagabaho ibitero bagamije kubaca intege. Nyamara bene gutangiza iryo hangana ntibyabahiriye, kubera ko batsinzwe, ari na byo byavuyemo Revolisiyo yo mu 1959-1961.
Abayobozi b’iyi Revolisiyo bahereye ko baca akarengane n’ubusumbane byari bimaze kurambira abenegihugu, bafungura imiryango ya demokarasi ku buryo ubwigenge bwaje ku ya mbere Nyakanga 1962, Abanyarwanda bakiruhutsa bagira, bati « inkono ihiriye igihe ».
Bana b’u Rwanda, cyane cyane Urubyiruko
Tugomba kwirinda kugwa mu mutego w’ikinyoma n’amacenga by’Udutsiko tw’abantu bamwe baharanira inyungu zabo bwite gusa, bakaba bagerageza gusibanganya mu mateka y’igihugu cyacu igikorwa gikomeye cy’intwari zarokoye rubanda, ziyobowe na Nyakubahwa Geregori Kayibanda. Birakwiye rwose ko tuvuga ibigwi ubuziraherezo, abarwanashyaka dukesha Repubulika n’ubwigenge, intwari zitangiye igihugu mu buryo butagereranywa, zigakura rubanda mu nzara z’ubutegetsi bw’akarengane. Izo ntwari z’igihugu zigomba guhora zihabwa icyubahiro kizikwiye, zigahora zibukwa n’Abanyarwanda uko ibisekuru bisimburana, kuko zemeye guhara amagara yazo, kugira ngo igihugu kibone ubwigenge nyabwo.
II. IYI MYAKA 50 Y’ UBWIGENGE IDUSIGIYE IKI ?
Imyaka 50 tumaze mu bwigenge yagejeje u Rwanda kuri byinshi biteye ubwuzu, ariko haracyariho n’ibibazo by’ingutu bigomba gushakirwa ibisubizo mu maguru mashya.
Mu byiza twagezeho, twavuga ibi bikurikira :
1°Haciwe burundu Ubutegetsi gakondo bwa cyami n’imigenzo yabwo ishingiye ku bwiru n’ubuhake bwari bwarahejeje rubanda mu buja.
2°Hashyizweho Ubutegetsi bwa Repubulika n’inzego z’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu zishingiye ku matwara ya demokarasi, abaturage bahabwa uburenganzira bwo kwitorera abayobozi babanogeye.
3°U Rwanda rwemewe nk’igihugu cyigenga kandi ruhabwa intebe mu rugaga rw’amahanga;
4°Ubutegetsi bwa Repubulika bwashyize ingufu mu guteza imbere uburezi, bwongera amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye, bushinga na Kaminuza ya mbere mu gihugu (UNR), bwubaka imihanda n’ibindi bikorwa by’amajyambere, kandi buteza imbere imibereho myiza y’abaturage, hifashishijwe imishinga y’amajyambere mu turere twose tw’igihugu.
Nta byera ngo de
Nk’uko rero « nta byera ngo de », no mu mateka y’u Rwanda rwigenga dusangamo ibikorwa ndetse n’imyifatire biteye ipfunwe. Twavuga nk’ibi bikurikira:
1°Umuco na politiki birangwa n’ibisigisigi bya gihake, kutoroherana no kutamenya kujya impaka zubaka (biratangaje kubona na n’ubu hari abanyarwanda bumva ko umwera uturutse i bukuru ugomba gukwira hose)
2°Umuco mubi wo kugundira ubutegetsi n’uwo gushaka kubufata ku ngufu; bityo ingoma zigasimburana ari uko habanje kumeneka amaraso menshi cyane. Koko rero, kuva u Rwanda rwakwigenga batatu mu bigeze kuba Abaperezida ba Repubulika bapfuye bahotowe, utarishwe na we yajugunywe mu munyururu n’uwamusimbuye.
3°Guhindura amoko y’Abanyarwanda igikoresho cya politiki, iyo udutsiko dushaka gufata ubutegetsi byanze bikunze, cyangwa kubugundira ku nyungu zatwo gusa. Kuri iyi ngingo, turibukana akababaro kenshi Abatutsi bagiye bicirwa imbere mu gihugu, bahitanywe n’Abahutu babazizaga ko bashobora kuba ari ibyitso by’Inyenzi, ubwo zabaga zigabye ibitero by’iterabwoba muri za 60, zigambiriye gufata ubutegetsi ku ngufu. Mu mateka ya vuba, turibuka intambara y’Ukwakira 1990 yashojwe na FPR ndetse n’itsembabwoko n’itsembatsemba byo mu 1994 ubwo FPR yari imaze kwivugana ba Perezida Habyarimana Yuvenali na Sipriyani Ntaryamira. Ayo mahano yahaye FPR urwaho rwo kugera ku butegetsi, nyamara byahitanye amamiliyoni y’Abatutsi n’Abahutu mu Rwanda, ndetse n’impunzi z’Abahutu zari zakwiriye imishwaro mu mashyamba ya Congo, abazihigaga bakazitsembamo ibihumbi amagana.
4°Ikibazo cy’irondakarere cyagaragaye ubwa mbere ahagana mu 1968, ubwo Abaparimehutu bo mu mumajyepfo n’abo mu majyaruguru y’u Rwanda, bateshukaga ku nshingano yo guharanira inyungu rusange, ahubwo bagasamarira indonke zabo bwite, cyahumanyije bikomeye uburyo bwo gukora politiki mu Rwanda ku gihe cya Repubulika ya mbere n’iya kabiri. Na n’ubu ayo amacakubiri akaba akomeje kuranga bamwe mu banyarwanda b’impuguke babarizwa mu buhungiro, ndetse akaba yaranadukiriye urubyiruko kandi ari rwo rwari rukwiye gushyira hamwe ingufu kugira ngo rusezerere ingoma y’igitugu ihejeje Abanyarwanda ku ngoyi.
5°Ikibazo cy’irondakoko cyarushijeho gukara bitewe n’uko ishyaka rya FPR-Inkotanyi, rimaze gutsinda intambara y’amasasu, ryashyizeho ubutegetsi bwubakiye ku kinyoma cyahawe intebe hifashishijwe ingengabitekerezo yuje uburiganya yitwa” Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ikozwe n’Abahutu bose”. Iryo vangura ryashinze imizi no mu bucamanza hakoreshejwe Inkiko Gacaca zigamije gukingira ikibaba Agatsiko k’Abatutsi bakoze ibyaha bikomeye no guhashya Abahutu bose muri rusange. Aha twakongeraho n’uruhare rw’umuryango IBUKA ufatanyije na FPR mu guhimbira ibyaha abahutu; cyane cyane abishoboye cyangwa abakekwaho ubushobozi bwo kuba bashishikariza abaturage guharanira uburenganzira bwabo.
6°Ikibazo cy’impunzi cyaburiwe umuti kugeza aho uyu munsi u Rwanda rubarirwa mu bihugu bisumbya ibindi umubare w’impunzi. Igiteye impungenge kurushaho ni uko muri izo mpunzi dusangamo n’uwahoze ari umwami w’u Rwanda, Kigeli V Ndahindurwa n’abandi benshi bahoze mu buyobozi bw’igihugu no mu mirimo yindi inyuranye, kandi bakabaye bakigikorera. Abo bose ni ingufu u Rwanda rukomeje gutakaza.
III. IBINTU BIGEZE IWA NDABAGA
Bana b’u Rwanda, nshuti z’u Rwanda,
Mu myaka 18 FPR imaze ku butegetsi, igitugu cyarimitswe, maze akarengane gasakara mu gihugu mu ngeri zose z’ubuzima bwa buri munsi.
1°Ku birebana na politiki, ubutegetsi bwikubiwe n’Agatsiko k’abasirikare bakuriye mu buhungiro mu gihugu cya Uganda. Barangajwe imbere na Jenerali Paul Kagame wahinduye igihugu akarima ke, akaba agitegeka atitaye ku nyungu rusange z’Abanyarwanda, ahubwo ashyize imbere gusa inyungu ze bwite n’iz’agatsiko ka bene wabo n’incuti ze. Ikirushijeho gutera Abanyarwanda agahinda ni ukubona abagize kariya gatsiko ari ba ruharwa mu bwicanyi nyamara bakaba badakurikiranwa n’inkiko, kandi abenshi muri bo bashakishwa n’ubutabera mpuzamahanga , nk’ubw’igihugu cya Hispaniya ndetse n’ubwo mu Bufaransa.
Kugira ngo bimakaze ubutegetsi bwabo bw’igitugu cya gisirikare, Jenerali Paul Kagame n’ibyegera bye bashyizeho amategeko yo kuniga uburenganzira bw’Abanyarwanda uhereye ku bw’itangazamakuru ryigenga, ukageza ku bw’amashyaka ya politiki yangiwe gukorera mu bwisanzure mu gihugu.
Amacakubiri hagati y’amoko atuye u Rwanda yarenze urugero, ku buryo amahoro avugwa mu Rwanda ari ay’icyitiriro gusa, hagamijwe kujijisha amahanga. Dore ikibigaragaza:
Icya mbere, ni ubwinshi bw’abasirikare bitwaje imbunda bahora bajagata mu baturage amanywa n’ijoro nk’aho igihugu kikiri mu ntambara. Bivugwa ko baba babungabunga umutekano, nyamara hirya no hino mu gihugu abantu baburirwa irengero cyangwa bagahotorwa mu manzaganya, bikitirirwa abagizi ba nabi batajya bamenyekana.
Ikindi kigaragaza ko mu by’ukuri nta mahoro Abanyarwanda bafite, ni ubwoba n’urwikekwe bahorana. Ntawe ukizera umuvandimwe we. Abanyagihugu bahahamuwe n’uko ubutegetsi bwa Kagame bubagirira nabi bukoresheje inzego z’ubutasi zunganira igisirikare mu kujujubya abaturage, nk’uko byakorwaga ku ngoma z’abanyagitugu kabuhariwe; nka Hitleri mu Budage cyangwa Cewosesiku muri Rumania.
2°No mu rwego rw’ubukungu ibintu ntibyifashe neza. Agatsiko kari ku butegetsi mu Rwanda gakomeje kwigwizaho ubukungu bw’ikirenga katitaye ku bukene bwa rubanda rwa giseseka, kakaba gashishikajwe gusa n’inyungu zako bwite hamwe n’iz’abantu cyangwa amasosiyete y’ubucuruzi agashyigikiye. Ako gatsiko kabeshya amahanga ko kateje imbere igihugu kerekana amazu y’imiturirwa kazamuye mu mugi wa Kigali ndetse n’imibare y’ibikabyo na za disikuru zo kwivuga ibigwi. Ibyo kandi bikorwa mu gihe abakene batabarika birukanwa mu migi, bagacirwa mu byaro aho bicirwa n’umudari, kure y’amaso y’abanyamahanga.
3° Ibirebana n’umuco nabyo si shyashya. Uburezi bwasubiye inyuma cyane, impamyabumenyi zihanitse zitangwa ku bwinshi nk’inzoga ibishye, inyinshi muri zo zikaba ari umusaruro w’inyigisho zidafite ireme. Nta mugayo kuko ibyigishwa n’imfashanyigisho biciriritse cyane, ndetse na benshi mu barimu bakaba bafite ubushobozi buke, hagakubitiraho ko banahabwa umushahara w’intica ntikize. Abanyeshuri basiba amasomo uko bishakiye, amanota agatangwa hakurikijwe icyenewabo ndetse na ruswa, ku buryo kubaka amashuri yigenga bisigaye ari ubushoramari nk’ubundi bwose bw’abaharanira kwinjiza ifaranga gusa.
Ubundi uko tubizi, amateka ni kimwe mu bintu by’ibanze umuco wa buri gihugu ushamikiraho. Birahangayikishije kubona mu Rwanda amateka y’igihugu atakigishwa mu mashuri nyuma y’aho FPR Inkotanyi ifatiye ubutegetsi muw’1994, bikaba biri muri gahunda y’abahezanguni bashaka kugoreka amateka uko iminsi igenda ihita. Icyo FPR igamije mu by’ukuri, ni ugusimbuza amateka ibyiyumviro byenyegeza inzika mu Banyarwanda, ari nayo mpamvu abaharanira ukuri n’imibanire myiza y’abaturarwanda bagomba kwamagana iyo migirire, bagakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo amateka nyayo abe ariyo asugira mu bana b’u Rwanda.
Abanyarwanda bafite umwihariko n’amahirwe byo kuba bose bumva kandi bakavuga ururimi rusange rw’Ikinyarwanda. Ibyo bishoboka hake muri Afrika. Amashuri yakagombye kwigisha Ikinyarwanda ashyizeho umwete, abari mu nzego z’ubuyobozi bagashishikarira kuvuga ururimi gakondo mu buryo butunganye. Birababaje rwose kubona benshi mu bategetsi ndetse n’abanyamakuru bo mu Rwanda basa n’aho batoranywa hakurikijwe ubumenyi buke bw’amagambo n’ikibonezamvugo by’Ikinyarwanda.
Birakwiye kandi ko n’Abanyarwanda baba mu mahanga bakwihatira gukunda ururimi rw’Ikinyarwanda no gutoza abana babo kuruvuga no kurwandika neza.
Umuco w’igihugu twawugereranya n’umutima wacyo, akaba ari nayo mpamvu biteye agahinda kubona Abanyarwanda bamwe basamarira imico y’amahanga, ari na ko batakaza uwabo.
IV.UMWANZURO : U RWANDA RUZAKIZWA N’UBUTEGETSI BUSHYA
N’ubwo FPR yakomeje kubeshya yigaragaza nk’aho ubutegetsi bwayo bushishikariye kuzamura igihugu mu bukungu, ikinyoma cyayo kirimo kujya ahabona. Bimaze kugaragara neza ko ingoma ya Kagame ari iy’igitugu cy’agatsiko gashaka kwihambira ku butegetsi, gahutaza ndetse gahitana abanyamakuru bigenga n’abanyapolitiki batavuga rumwe na ko, kabafungira akamama, ari nako kabashyiraho iterabwoba.
FPR yashyizeho politiki ikaze y’ivanguramoko idatandukanye na busa na politiki ya ruvumwa ya Apartheid yaciwe muri Afrika y’Epfo. Iyo politiki y’ivangura ibangamiye bitavugwa imbaga y’Abanyarwanda. Bikaba ndetse bigaragarira buri wese ko politiki iyoboye u Rwanda muri iki gihe isa n’iyariho mu gihe cya gihake na cyami, mbere y’Ubwigenge.
Bana b’u Rwanda namwe ncuti z’u Rwanda,
Mu by’ukuri, nta kindi cyarangiza iki gihirahiro Abanyarwanda benshi barimo, uretse ihinduka ry’ubutegetsi n’ivugururwa rihamye mu mikorere ya politiki mu gihugu cyacu. Nyamara ubutegetsi bw’igitugu bwa FPR na Perezida wayo Paul Kagame bakomeje kunangira no kuvunira ibiti mu matwi.
Ni yo mpamvu, kuri iyi Yubile y’imyaka 50 u Rwanda rumaze rwigenga, ishyaka RDI ryongeye guhamagarira Abanyarwanda bose baharanira demokarasi, guhuriza hamwe imbaraga bidatinze kugira ngo baboneze uburyo bwo kugera kuri iyo mpinduka.
Kugira ngo ibyiza dukesha Ubwigenge, ari byo Repubulika na demokarasi, bye kugenda nka Nyomberi, ni ngombwa ko dushyiraho mu Rwanda inzego nshya z’ubutegetsi bw’inzibacyuho nk’ubwateganywaga n’Amasezerano y’Arusha, izo nzego zigahabwa inshingano yo gukoresha mu maguru mashya amatora anyuze mu mucyo no mu bwisanzure; kandi azira uburiganya.
Iyi mpinduka duharanira izagerwaho bivuye ku butwari n’ubwitange bw’abahungu n’abakobwa b’u Rwanda barahiriye kudatatira Intwari zatugejeje ku Bwigenge na Repubulika, bakaba baragize nk’intego yabo: Ukuri; Ubutabera n’Ubwisanzure. Ni muri ubwo buryo Leta y’Inzibacyuho izaba ifite inshingano yo gufasha u Rwanda gutera intambwe yo kuba igihugu cyubahiriza uburenganzira bw’abagituye bose, mu buringanire, ikazihutira gukoresha Inama Rukokoma kugira ngo Abanyarwanda bigire hamwe mu bwisanzure imvo n’imvano y’akaga bahuye na ko muri iki kinyejana tuvuyemo, igashaka n’ibisubizo bizubakirwaho Igihugu cy’Amahoro.
Inama Rukokoma izagaragaza amakosa ya buri wese, abahekuye u Rwanda bose ibakanire urubakwiye, ariko cyane cyane iyo nama ikazaba ishingiro ry’umuryango nyarwanda mushya urangwa n’ituze n’ubwiyunge, aho ukuri kuzaba nk’umukenyero ubutabera bukaba umwitero.
Nibahuza uyu mugambi, abaharanira impinduka mu Rwanda bazaba bahaye igihugu cyacu umusanzu ntagereranywa wo guha abana bacu ndetse n’abuzukuru icyizere cyo kurya imbuto z’Ubwigenge ubuziraherezo.
Mu kurangiza, nifurije Abanyarwanda n’Abanyarwandakazi, ndetse n’inshuti z’u Rwanda kugira Yubire nziza y’Ubwigenge, aho bari hose !
Harakabaho Ubwigenge!
Harakabaho Repubulika y’u Rwanda!
Harakabaho Demokarasi
Bikorewe i Buruseli, ku wa 30 Kamena 2012.
Fawustini TWAGIRAMUNGU
Perezida wa RDI-Rwanda Rwiza
