ITANGAZO KURI RAPORO YA CNLG YO MURI 2019 KU BWICANYI BWAKOREWE ABATUTSI MURI CYANGUGU

Banyarwanda , Banyarwandakazi

Mbere na mbere tubanje kwunamira inzirakarengane zose zazize Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda n’ i Cyanguguby’umwihariko.

Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu RIPRODHOR ufite mu nshingano zawo guharanira ko habaho ubutabera bwigenga, Leta igendera ku mategeko no kurwanya ivangura iryo ariryo ryose rikorewe abanyarwanda b’ingeri zose.

Muri urwo rwego, Umuryango RIPRODHOR wakurikiraniye hafi kandi ucukumbura ibikubiye muri za raporo za Komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe kurwanya jenoside muri 2019, kubihereranye no gukusanya ibimenyetso bishimangira ubwicanyi bwakorewe abatutsi muri zimwe muzahoze ari perefegitura z’u Rwanda muri 1994.

Twibutse ko Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo Kurwanya Jenoside (CNLG) iteganywa mu Itegekonshinga rya Repuburika y’u Rwanda ryo muri 2003 nkuko ryavuguruwe muri 2015 mu ngingo yaryo ya 139. Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo Kurwanya Jenoside ifite inshingano yo kuba Urwego rwigenga rushinzwe kurwanya Jenoside n’ingengabitekerezo yayo.

Gukora ubushakashatsi kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi biri munshingano za Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo Kurwanya Jenoside nk’uko biteganywa mu ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko No 09/2007 ryo ku wa 16/02/2007 rigena inshingano, imiterere n’imikorere bya Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo Kurwanya Jenoside.

Umuryango RIPRODHOR ukaba ushima iyi Komisiyo muri iki gikorwa cyo gushakisha

ukuri n’ibimenyetso kubwicanyi bwakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda.

Gusa rero nubwo hari amakuru y’ingirakamaro iyo raporo yagezeho, iyo raporo ifite inenge nyinshi zirimo kugoreka nkana amateka no kwamamaza ibinyoma bya poritiki ihembera umwiryane mu banyarwanda. Ibyo tunenga iyi raporo turabikubira mungingo 4 z’ingenzi: Amateka y’igihugu n’ubuyobozi bwa Perefegitura ya Cyangugu; Ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside ,Gupfobya ibyemezo by’ubutabera; uruhare rw’Ubufaransa n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye.

A°Amateka y’igihugu n’imiyoborere ya Prefegitura ya Cyangugu

Muri ikigihe twibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi kuncuro ya 26 ni umwanya ukomeye wo gusubiza amaso inyuma tukareba neza aho tuva naho tugana. Kumenya neza amateka yaranze igihugu cyacu no kwirinda kuyagoreka ku mpamvu izo ari zozose cyane cyane izigamije gusingiza cyangwa kuyobya ubutegetsi ni imwe mu nenge zikomeye.

Aha twabanza kwibutsa ko ibyago igihugu cyacu kirimo ahanini biterwa n’umuco mubi wo kugoreka amateka no kwimika ikinyoma hagambiriwe gusingiza ubutegetsi buriho no gupfobya ubwavuyeho. Ibibyagaragaye kungoma zose zayoboye U Rwanda kandi uwo muco byagaragaye ko nta kindi bimarira ubutegetsi buriho uretse kuburoha kimwe n’abaturage bacyo.

Muri uru rwego, biratangaje ko iyi raporo nta nahamwe ivuga kandi ngo isesengure ku miyoborere mu gihe cy’ubwami na gikolonize mu gihugu no muri Cyangugu by’umwihariko. Nyamara buri wese azi neza ko imiyoborere mibi ishingiye k’ubuhake na gikolonize aribyo byabaye intandaro y’imyivumbagatanyo yabyaye imidugararo muri 1959: Uburetwa,guhekwa mu maceri, gufata igihe i butware n’ibwami, gukubitwa ibiboko n’ibindi ibihano bipfobya uburenganzira bw’inyoko muntu aribyo nyirabayazana (reba raporo kumiyoborere y’intara ya Shangugu yakozwe na R.BOURGEOIS Administrateri wa Shangugu muri 1934 urupapuro rwa 11-16).

Cyangugu kandi ifite umwanya wihariye mumateka ya Gikoloni mu Rwanda kuko ingaruka nyinshi zahagaragariye kandi zihungabanya imibereho n’imibanire mu baturage. Twabanza kwibutsa ko Abakoloni bambere b’Abadage bahereye i Cyangugu bakambitse i Shangi aho batikije ingabo z’Umwami zari ziyobowe na Bisangwa.

Ikindi tugomba kwibutsa ni uko Cyangugu yakiriye umwami Musinga amaze kunyagwa no kwirukanwa n’Ababiligi. Musinga Abanyacyangugu bamwakiriye nk’Umwami, baramuyoboka kuburyo byarakaje Abakoloni bagahitamo kumucira ishyanga muri Kongo ahitwa Moba ari naho yatabarukiye.

Umwami Kigeri Ndahindurwa uherutse gutabaruka nawe ubwe yavukiye i Cyangugu aranahakurira kandi ntawamutunze urutoki. Kuva icyo gihe cyose kugeza ubu Cyangugu yakomeje kuba icyambu cy’amahoro gihuza impunzi z’abari barahungiye i Kongo n’imiryango yazo yabaga yarasigaye mu gihugu.

Ikindi kitagomba kwiyibagizwa ni uko Musinga amaze kuvanwa i Cyangugu hoherejwe abatware bashya bavuye mu Nduga barushijeho gukaza amatwara y’ibya gihake na gikolonize arimo uburetwa, shiku n’ikiboko.

Kudaha agaciro bene aya mateka muri raporo ni inenge ikomeye ituma abantu badashobora kumva neza uruhare urugomo n’amatwara ya gikoloni byagize mukwangisha abantu ubutegetsi bwa cyami na gikolonize ndetse n’abatware bari babihagarariye kuva kuba shefu kugeza ku bamotsi, ari nabo baje kwibasirwa muri Revolisiyo ya 1959.

No muli aya mahano yagwiririye u Rwanda kuva muli 1994 Cyangugu yakiriye abanyarwanda b’ingeri zose,bavuye hirya no hino mu gihugu nta vangura iryo ali ryo ryose bakorewe, ari abahungaga bajya Zayire n’abenshi bahagarukiye bagatahuka iwabo mu ma prefegitura yabo.

B° Ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside muri Cyangugu

Indi nenge igaragara henshi muri iyi raporo ni ugufata urugomo rwakozwe n’abantu bake akitirirwa abahutu bose b’i Cyangugu, bakagerekwaho kumaherere kuba abicanyi no kugira ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside. Ibi bigaragara cyane ahavugwa iby’imvururu zabaye muri 1959 kimwe n’urugomo rwakurikiye ibitero by ‘Inyenzi muri Perefegitura ya Cyangugu.

Gihamya y’uko urugomo rwa bamwe rudashobora kwitirirwa abantu bose tuyisanga muri rumwe mu ngero nke iyi raporo ikomozaho. Aha twavuga urugero rwiza rwa Kamoso Agustini, umuminisitiri w’umu Parmehutu wafashe kajugujugu yo kujyana kuvuza abapadiri Matajyabo Robert na Kajyibwami Modeste baribagiriwe nabi n’abanyeshuri b’i Nyamasheke muri 1973.

Hariho izindi ngero nyinshi abakoze ubushakashatsi bujyanye n’iyi raporo bashoboraga kubona bikabarinda kubeshyera Cyangugu ko yasabitswe n’ingengabitekerezo yo kwanga no gutoteza abatutsi.

Ikirushijeho gutera impungenge muri iyi raporo ni uko usanga abavugwaho ko bafite ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside ari abantu batavuga rumwe n’ishyaka riri kubutegetsi FPR cyane iyo bakomoje mukuvuga imicungire mibi y’ibyarubanda.

Bene ubwo buhamya bushinja abandi ingengabitekerezo nanone usanga butangwa n’abatangabuhamya bamwe bagiye bavuga ibintu batari bahagazeho cyangwa badafitiye ibimenyetso bifatika.

C° Gupfobya ibyemezo by’ubutabera mpuzamahanga hakimakazwa ibyemezo

y’inkiko Gacaca n’amabwire.

Iyo raporo nanone yifashishije inkiko gacaca ivugako zakoze akazi kazo neza nyamara zinengwa cyane n’abanyarwanda n’imiryango mpuzamahanga yita ku burenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu kubera kubogama, no kutagira ubwigenge busesuye mu gufata ibyemezo bw’inyangamugayo. Aha twavuga raporo yakozwe n’umuryango Human Rights Watch yo kuwa 31 gicurasi 2011.

Indi nenge ya raporo ya CNLG ni ukwikoma abagizwe abere n’Urukiko mpuzamahanga Arusha (TPIR) ndetse n’inkiko zisanzwe ziri mu Rwanda himakazwa za gacaca zashingiye kuri munyangire n’amabwire ku mugaragaro.

Aha twatanga ingero zimwe na zimwe muli nyinshi zigaragara muli iyo raporo:

  • Muri Cyangugu, Munyengabe Théodore, Mangara Potien n’abandi barekuwe n’Urukiko rw’ubujurire rwa Cyangugu, banga kubarekura babasubiza muri Gacaca kandi binyuranije n’amategeko kuko ntawe uhanishwa bwa 2 icyaha yaburanishijwe n’izindi nkikozemewe.
  • Igiteyeimpungengekurushahoniuburyobamwemubicanyiruharwabirezebakemera icyaha bakoreshwa mu gushinja inzirakarengane cyane cyane abari baragerageje kwamagana no kurwanya ubogome bw’abo bicanyi. Aha twatanga urugero rw’ukuntu umwicanyi ruharwa SINZABAKWIRA Straton wayogoje Karengera yakoreshejwe gushinja ibinyoma muri Gacaca abantu bagize uruhare mu kwamagana no kurwanya urugomo rwibasiraga Abatutsi. Mu bo uwo Sinzabakwira yashinje muri Gacaca harimo Habimana Theoneste. Nyamara abaturage bose bazi ko Habimana ari we wafashe iya mbere agafatanya n’abaturage b’i Karengera na Komite y’Umutekano ya Cyangugu hamwe n’Abasirikari b’Abafaransa mu gukoma imbere Sinzabakwira n’abandi bicancyi bagahunga.
  • Hariho na none aho usanga Raporo ivangitiranya ibintu nkana, igashaka kuganisha ibintu byinshi kuri jenoside kandi bidafite aho bihuriye. Urugero: Abitwa Kanamugire Fideli, Batagata Laurien na Rugambarara Jean bo muri Komini Karengera raporoivuga ko bafunzwe mu byitso muri 1990. Nyamara birazwi ko bafunzwe muri za 1975, bakurikiranweho urupfu rw’uwitwa BIRIKUNZIRA Guillaume nyuma baje kurekurwa n’inkiko .

D° Uruhare rw’Ubufransa n’umuryango w’Abibumbuye muri Jenoside muri Cyangugu.

Iyo raporo kandi iravuga ko abasirikare b’abafransa baje muri opération Turquoise muri Cyangugu batije umurindi Interahamwe muri Cyangugu muri rusange no mu nkambi ya Nyarushishi by’umwihariko. Iki ni ikinyoma cyambaye ubusa kandi giteye isoni. Abari i Cyangugu bazi ko Abafaransa bahumurije kandi bafatanya n’abaturage b’i Cyangugu guhosha urugomo rw’Interahamwe ndetse banafasha guhumuriza Abatutsi bari bihishe no kubageza mu nkambi ya Nyarushishi yari yashyizweho n’ubuyobozi bwa Cyangugu na jandarumeri. Birababaje kubona Komisiyo yo kurwanya Jenoside iharabika Abafaransa ishingiye gusa kubinyoma n’ibihimbano biteye isoni biri mu buhamya bw’abantu babiri gusa mu nkambi yarokokeyemo abantu barenga 13500.

Nyamara abatutsi benshi barokokeye i Nyarushinshi bashima uko ingabo z’Abafaransa zabarokoye zafatanije n’ingabo ziyobowe na Major Cyiza Augustin na nyakwigendera Lt Koloneri Bavugamenshi Innocent. Aha twakwibutsa ko Cyiza na Bavugamenshi ari bamwe mu basirikari bakuru bitandukanikanije na Goverinoma ya Kambanda, bagafatanya n’abandi Banyacyangugu bagashyiraho“Komite y’Umutekano ya Cyangugu” yakoze umurimo utoroshye muri ibyo bihe bikomeye yambura interahamwe intwaro, igacunga umutekano w’abantu arinako ifasha abarokotse jenoside.

Iyo Komite yashyizeho ubuyobozi bw’agateganyo bwayoboye Cyangugu ifatanije n’ingabo z’Abafransa nyuma na Minuar2 kandi habayeho ihererekana bubasha na governema y’ubumwe yashimye imikorere yiyo komite mu butumwa bwatanzwe na ba nyakwigendera Ministri BIHOZAGARA Jacques na Seth SENDASHONGA muli nzeri 1994 . Nta mpamvu igaragara nka komisiyo yigenga yayibujije kubaza bamwe mubari muli iyo komite dore ko abenshi bakiriho usibye Majoro Cyiza waburiwe irengero muli 2003.

Birazwi ko Abatutsi bahungiye i Nyarushishi bafashwaga n’imwe mu miryango nka Croix Rouge yabaruraga abari bahari bose. Biratangaje kubona Komisiyo yemeza ko hari abantu biciwe i Nyarushishi mu maso y’abafransa ariko ntibagaragaze urugero na rumwe cg ibarura bashingiraho.

Raporo ivuga ko ingabo za APR arizo zakijije abatutsi bahungiye i Nyarushishi, ngo kuko interahamwe zabicaga abafaransa barebera, nyamara ingabo za FPR zarageze muri Cyangugu mu kwezi kwa cumi 1994 abafransa baragiye kera zakirwa na Komite y’umutekano n’ingabo zari ziyobowe na Majoro Cyiza ali nazo zagiye kuvangwa niza APR i Gako.

Mu nkambi ya Nyarushishi harokokeye abatutsi benshi. Abo bantu barokotse ahanini kubera ubufatanye bwaranze Abanyacyangugu bafatanije n’abajandarume ba nyakwigendera Lt Coloneli Bavugamenshi bunganiwe n’ingabo ziyobowe na Majoro Cyiza n’abandi bari bafatanije nabo muri Komite y’Umutekano bafashije abafransa gutahura Interahamwe no kuzihashya .

Byagaragaye kandi ko Abanyacyangugu benshi bari mu nzego zinyuranye bitandukanije

kumugaragaro n’ibikorwa by’ubwicanyi n’urugomo byibasiye abatutsi mu gihugu.

Ibi byahamijwe n’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Arusha rwagize abere Abanyacyangugu bari mu butegetsi barimo Minisitiri Andereya Ntagerura, nyakwigendera Generali Gratien Kabiligi na Perefe Emmanuel Bagambiki.

Byagaragariye kandi mu bayobozi b’ikubitiro bagiye muri Guverinoma yasimbuye iy’Abatabazi barimo Minisitiri w’Intebe Faustin TWAGIRAMUNGU na baminisitiri nyakwigendera Alphonse Marie Nkubito na Jean Marie Vianney NDAGIJIMANA none ubu iyo raporo nibo yitirira ingenga bitekerezo ya Jenoside kubera ko batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwa FPR .

Harimo kandi n’abandi benshi bagaragaye mu bikorwa binyuranye byo kuzahura igihugu no kwomora ibikomere byasizwe na Jenoside mu nzego zinyuranye zirimo Abihayimana,Itangaza- makuru n’imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bw’Ikiremwamuntu, harimo iyavukiye i Cyangugu.

Kurenga kuri ibyo byose n’ibindi tuzagaragaza birambuye ugasiga Abanyacyangugu isura mbi yo kwanga no gutoteza abatutsi bitera impungenge zatuma umuntu yibaza niba abakoze iyi raporo batari bafite ikindi bagambiriye kinyuranye n’inshingano za Komisiyo. Ibi bisaba ubundi bushakashatsi bucukumbuye.

Umwanzuro

Dushingiye ku nenge tumaze kuvuga, Umuryango RIPRODHOR wiyamye wivuye inyuma ibinyoma byinshi biboneka muri raporo ya 2019 yakozwe na Komisiyo y’Igihugu ishinzwe kurwanya Jenoside n’ingengabitekerezo yayo kuri Perefegitura ya Cyangugu kuko bigamije guha nkana isura mbi kandi nta shingiro abaturage bose b’i Cyangugu.

Ntawemerewe kwitwaza iri tangazo ngo avuge ko rigamije guhakana cyangwa gupfobya

jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda cyangwa i Cyangugu by’umwihariko.

Koko rero, Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yarabaye n’abayikoze bamwe barakurikiranwe.

Rigamije gusaba ko abashaka kuyivugaho bose bayivuga ukuri, aho kuyivuga uko itagenze.

Nkuko biteganywa n’amategeko mpuzamahanga kandi n’u Rwanda rugenderaho, icyaha ni gatozi, kandi umuntu aba akiri umwere igihe cyose atarahamwa n’icyaha cyemejwe n’inkiko zitabogamye. N’uwo izo nkiko zihanaguyeho icyaha agirwa umwere.

Umuryango wa RIPRODHOR uboneyeho gusaba Komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe kurwanya Jenoside, ko amakosa yagaragaye muri iriya raporo yakosorwa, biyambaje abatanga buhamya b’inyangamugayo no gushyira mu nshingano zayo intego yo kunga abanyarwanda aho kubashora mu nzangano zibatanya. Bityo ikaba ifashije izindi nzego za Leta gutanga ubutabera ku babukeneye bose no kwimakaza ukwishyira ukizana mu rwatubyaye.

Bikorewe i Lyon ku wa 18/04/2020

RUTIHUNZA Théobald

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