Iyi mvugo ifite ireme ni iy’umunyamakuru Philibert Ransoni. Ni imvugo ikwiye kuvamo inyigisho ku bakora umwuga w’itangazamakuru ndetse no ku bategetsi birengagiza ko itangazamakuru rinabereyeho no kwerekana ibitagenda ngo bikorwe cyangwa bikosorwe. Ku munsi wa none, umubare wa radiyo, televiziyo, ibinyamakuru byandika wariyongeyere mu Rwanda. Ni ibyo kwishimira. Ahasigaye ni ukwisuzuma kugira ngo buri wese arebe niba ari umusemburo wo gufasha igihugu mu kukibera indorerwamo yatuma cyita ku mibereho ya buri muturage. Hagati aho ntawakwibagirwa ko hari ibinyamakuru byabujijwe imikorere, abanyamakuru bishwe, abafunzwe, abandi bagahunga.
Tariki ya 3 Gicurasi ni umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe ubwisanzure bw’itangazamakuru. Wizihizwa kuva 1993, mu cyemezo 48/432) cyafashwe n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (ONU). Ubu burenganzira bunashamikiye ku bwisanzure mu bitekerezo buracyabangamiwe hirya no hino ku isi, mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari, ndetse no Rwanda si shyashya.
Kuri 12 Gashyantare 2015 ku rutonde rw’ibihugu 180 rwashyizwe ahagaragara na Reporters Sans Frontières (umwe mu miryango mpuzamahanga yita ku burenganzira bw’itangazamakuru), Urwanda rwaje ku mwanya w’161, Uburundi ku mwanya w’145, na ho RDC ni iy’150. Muri kariya karere Urwanda n’urwa nyuma. Ibindi bihugu birukikije, Tanzaniya ni iya 75, Uganda ni iya 97.
2014-2015 Itangazamakuru mpuzamahanga ntiryorohewe mu Rwanda
Umwaka w’2014 n’uyu w’2015, ntufite isura nziza ku itangazamakuru mpuzamahanga, by’umwihariko BBC na Deutch Welle mu Rwanda. Kuri 25 Ukwakira 2014, BBC Gahuzamiryango yakomanyirijwe kumvikana mu Rwanda ku murongo wa FM. Iri shami ry’ikinyarwanda n’ikirundi rya BBC, ntiryazize ibyo ryakoze. Iki cyemezo cyo kubuza buriya burenganzira Gahuzamiryango cyafashwe biturutse ku kiganiro « Rwanda’s untold story » cyanyuze ku rindi shami rya BBC (BBC TWO) mu gihugu cy’Ubwongereza.
Iki kiganiro cyateye uburakari bwinshi abategetsi b’Urwanda kuko hanavuzwemo uruhare rukomeye perezida Paul Kagame ngo yaba afite mu bwicanyi. Ikindi kitashimishije abo bategetsi n’ahavugwa ko uretse na jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, ko hari n’ubundi bwicanyi ndengakamere bwakorewe abanyarwanda ndetse n’abanyamahanga mu Rwanda no muri Kongo, bikavugwa ko bidahabwa uburemere bikwiye. Komisiyo yashyizweho mu Rwanda ngo yige iki kibazo cya BBC, iherutse gusaba ko amasezerano Leta yarifitanye na yo yaseswa burundu.
Ku itariki 28 Werurwe 2015 radiyo mpuzamahanga y’abadage « Deutch Welle » yafunze iminara yayo yari isanzwe mu Rwanda i Kinyinya, iyijyana mu gihugu y’abaturanyi cya Tanzaniya. Kugira ngo umuntu asobanukirwe umuzi n’umuhamuro w’iri fungwa ry’iminara y’iyi radiyo yasoma inkuri ebyiri. Iya mbere n’iy’ikinyamakuru Igihe kigaragaza akababaro k’Ambasaderi w’Ubudage mu Rwanda Peter Fahrenholtz wumiwe abonye Deutch Welle ishushubikanyijwe.
Indi nkuru yanditswe n’ikinyamakuru Veritas Info ivuga ko nyuma y’imyaka isaga 50 Deutch Welle ikorera mu Rwanda kandi neza, ababikurikiranira hafi bemeza ko yashyizweho amananiza menshi arimo kongererwa imisoro ikabije, n’amabwiriza y’imikorere abadage batabashije kwihanganira.
Ikibazo abantu batabura kwibaza ni iki. Washushubikanya itangazamakuru ry’abaguterinkunga n’ibihugu bikomeye nk’ibi, maze ukibwira ko iryawe cyangwa irindi rikorera mu gihugu uyobora ryakorana mutima ki ? Ryakorera mu mwuka ki ? Muri Gicurasi 2014, abanyamakuru babiri ba radio Salus batawe muri yombi na polisi y’igihugu bazira amagambo adashimishije umukuru w’igihugu.
Ese biratangaje ko Urwanda ruza ku mwanya w’161, mu bihugu byanyuma mu kubahiriza ubwisanzure bw’itangazamakuru ? Inyungu y’iyo myitwaririre n’iyihe ? Hari n’ubwo abanyamakuru b’abanyamahanga bimwa uburenganzira bwo kwinjira mu gihugu cyangwa bakakirukanwamo.
Abategetsi batazi ko kuniga itangazamakuru ari ugutera intambwe ujya inyuma, umuntu yabibutsa akanashimangira iri jambo ry’umunyamakuru Philibert Ransoni : « ITANGAZAMAKURU RISINGIZA UBUTEGETSI RIBA RIBUROHA ».
Ku munsi nk’uyu, turibuka abatotejwe n’abishwe bazira umwuga w’itangazamakuru, ni benshi ntawabarondora, ariko hari ingero. Jean- Léonard Rugambage wishwe mu w’2010, Charles Ingabire wishwe mu w’2011, Emmanuel Munyemanzi wishwe mu w’1998
Abanyamakuru bakora badatatira umwuga mu bihe bitoroshye ni abo gushimirwa, by’umwihariko abakorera imbere mu bihugu birimo itoteza n’amananiza. Mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari muri rusange no mu Rwanda by’ubwihariko, muri aya mezi agana ku matora ya perezida wa Repubulika, itangazamakuru rifitiye akamaro igihugu ni irizatanga ijambo ntawe riheje kandi rigatangaza amakuru ntakubogama. Uyu mwuga ufite uruhare rukomeye mu mibereho y’abantu. Ni uburenganzira buharanirwa kuko nk’ubundi bwose ntawubuhereza undi ku isahani. Cyakora inzego z’ubutegetsi ntizikwiye kurwanya ababuharanira ahubwo zikwiye kuborohereza mu kazi kabo kuko na wo ni umwuga ufite uruhare rukomeye mu iterambere ry’igihugu.
Jean-Claude Mulindahabi
École Supérieure de Journalisme de Paris
