HRW yagaragaje ko hari Abanyarwanda bafungiwe kwa Kabuga bamwe bakagwayo kubera imyiteguro ya ‘CHOGM

Yanditswe na Nkurunziza Gad

Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, Human Rights Watch (HRW) wasohoye raporo uvuga ko abategetsi b’u Rwanda bakusanyirije abantu b’ingeri zitandukanye bakabafungira muri gereza itazwi ahitwa “kwa Kabuga” mu mezi yabanjirije inama mpuzamahanga yo ku rwego rwo hejuru yari iteganijwe muri Kamena 2021.

Mu bafungiwe kwa Kabuga harimo abazunguzayi (Abacururiza mu muhanda), indaya, abatinganyi, abasabiriza hamwe n’abana bo mu muhanda  bazwi kw’izina rya ‘Mayibobo’.

HRW ivuga ko yaganiriye n’abantu 17 bafungiwe ‘Kwa Kabuga’ i Gikondo mu gihe cy’ibyumweru, mbere gato y’inama ya CHOGM yari kuba mu kwezi kwa gatandatu ikimurirwa igihe kitazwi. Ibi abategetsi bakaba babikora mu rwego rwo gusukura Kigali.

Abahafungiwe bavuga ko bari bacucitse cyangwa se bapakiye mu byumba batabasha kwinyagambura kandi batabonaga iby’ibanze nk’amazi n’ibiryo bikwiye kandi ko abaryamana bahuje igitsina bakubitwaga kenshi ku munsi kurusha abandi bafungwa.

Mu bari bafunze bose nta warezwe ibyaha mu buryo busanzwe, ngo abone umwunganizi mu mategeko cyangwa ngo agezwe mu bushinjacyaha.

Gusukura Kigali kubera CHOGM

Hagati ya Mata na Kamena 2021, nibwo HRW yavuganye kuri telefoni n’abantu 17 bafungiwe kwa Kabuga, muri bo harimo Umugore w’imyaka 18 ucuruza ku muhanda wahafungiwe ibyumweru bibiri ari kumwe n’umwana we w’amezi icyenda yabwiye HRW ati “Batubwiye ko leta ishaka gusukura umujyi kubera inama ya CHOGM kandi ko bazadufunga kugeza irangiye.”

Abahoze bafunzwe bari bafungiwe i Gikondo hagati ya 2019 na 2021 bavuze ko abakobwa n’abahungu 50 kugeza kuri 200 bafungiye icyarimwe mu ‘cyumba cy’abana’, mu bihe bibi kandi bateshwa agaciro.

Banasobanuye uko ibintu byifashe mu cyumba cy’abagabo leta yita inzererezi aho ingimbi nazo zifungirwa, abagore ndetse n’abana b’impinja nta byo kuryamira abantu bose baryama hasi.

Umwe mu babajijwe yavuze ko bidashoboka kubona ikirere cyo hanze kandi ko mu byumba bifungirwamo, abafunzwe bose baryama hasi ku isima.

Benshi mu bahoze bafunzwe bavuze ko bahabwa ibiryo by’inticantikize rimwe ku munsi kandi bidafite intungamubiri ku ku buryo abataguyemo bafungurwa bafite ikibazo cy’ imirire mibi.

“Ibiryo ntibihagije cyane cyane ku bana bato n’impinja barwara buri gihe.”  Umugore umwe yasobanuye ko yarekuwe nyuma y’uko umwana we arwaye ku buryo bukabije, undi avuga ko umwana we yimuriwe mu bitaro kubera imirire mibi.

Abafungiwe mu cyumba cy’abagore babonaga amazi meza yo kunywa, rimwe na rimwe rimwe ku munsi. Umwe mu babajijwe wari ufungiye i Gikondo mu kwezi kwa Mata yagize ati “Rimwe na rimwe twamaraga umunsi wose tutanyweye amazi, hanyuma bageraho bagatanga amazi macye tugomba gusaranganya twese bamwe ntibayabone[…] gukaraba ni rimwe mu cyumweru.”

Batatu babajijwe basobanuye ko mu gihe bari i Gikondo, babonye cyangwa bumvise abagororwa bapfuye bazira ubuzima bubi no kutavurwa neza. Umucuruzi w’imyaka 40 ucururiza mu muhanda yagize ati “Mu byumweru bibiri namaze [i Gikondo], habaye amajoro atatu igihe tutashoboraga gusinzira kuko mu cyumba hari abantu benshi cyane.” ni muri Mata. “Abantu babiri barapfuye bazize kubura ubuvuzi […] Barwaye, impiswi. Ntibemerewe kujya kwa muganga maze mu gitondo basanga bapfuye. Sinzi amazina y’abo bapfuye.”

‘Inama yasubitswe ejo muzarekurwa’

Harimo kandi ko abahinduye igitsina cyangwa abaryamana bahuje ibitsina, abagore batatu bafunganywe n’impinja zabo, abagabo bane bakoraga akazi ko gucuruza mu mihanda ku masoko ndetse n’umuhungu w’imyaka 13 utuye mu mihanda ya Kigali yemeje ko iryo hohoterwa ryakozwe.

Uyu mwana w’imyaka 13 abajijwe yavuze ko yafunzwe ibyumweru bibiri hagati y’ukwezi kwa Mata na Gicurasi, mu cyumba kirimo abandi bana barenga 200 bo mu muhanda, maze arekurwa nyuma y’itangazo. Yaravuze ati “Polisi yaratubwiye iti:Ntimutinye, bana. Inama ntizaba, ejo muzarekurwa.” Abahoze bafunzwe bavuze ko abapolisi bababwiye ko ari ‘imyanda’ kandi ko bazafungwa kugeza iyo nama bakarekurwa muri Kanama. Umucuruzi w’imyaka 20 ucuruza umuhanda wafunzwe ibyumweru bibiri muri Mata hamwe n’umwana we w’amezi 9 yagize ati: “Mbere y’inama [Commonwealth], baradufashe bafata ibintu byacu.” “Igihe inama yegeraga… Gikondo [yari] yuzuye abantu.”

Yongeyeho ko abayobozi b’akarere batoraguye abana bose bafungiwe i Gikondo babasubiza mu mihanda ya Kigali. Nta mfashanyo yahawe yo guhura n’umuryango we cyangwa gusubira ku ishuri.

Aba baganiriye na HRW bose bifuje ko imyirondoro yabo itashyirwa hanze kubera gutinya ko bahanwa n’abategetsi. Raporo ya HRW ivuga ko nyuma y’uko iyo nama isubitswe, abari bafunzwe baje kurekurwa.

“Abapolisi batubwiraga ko turi imyanda”

Mu gihe bari bafunze, icyorezo cya Covid-19 cyari kimeze nabi mu Rwanda, ariko nta gikorwa na kimwe cyakozwe n’ubutegetsi aba bantu icyorezo kandi abahoze bafunzwe basobanuye ko batigeze bapimwa ko barwaye, mu gihe bari bafunze nta amasabune, masike cyangwa ibikoresho by’isuku n’isukura bigeze bahabwa.

Umwe mu bagize sosiyete sivile i Kigali yagize ati “Imihanda yari irimo ubusa mbere y’inama. Ntabwo twongeye kubona umwana wo mu muhanda mu mujyi. Ndetse n’abacuruza imbuto ‘abazunguzayi’ bajyanywe  i Gikondo. Iminsi micye inama isubitswe nibwo bongeye kuboneka mu mihanda.”

Yongeyeho ati “abana barafunzwe, tagisi za moto zagombaga guhagarika akazi, abacuruzi bo mu mihanda barahohotewe  byose kubera inama ya Commonwealth. Kuva yasubikwa, ihohoterwa ryaratuje.”

Abatinganyi mu mazi abira

Ifungwa ry’abatinganyi ‘abakora imibonano mpuzabitsinabahuje ibitsina’ i Gikondo ryatangajwe mu bitangazamakuru mu Gushyingo 2020. Abantu icyenda bahinduye ibitsina n’abahuje ibitsina Human Rights Watch babajije bafungiwe i Gikondo hagati yUkuboza 2020 na Mata 2021 bavuze ko bafungiwe i Gikondo.

Abantu benshi basobanuye ko batawe muri yombi n’abapolisi cyangwa abashinzwe umutekano nyuma y’amakuru yatangajwe n’abantu bababonye hamwe n’abandi bahuje igitsina, abaryamana bahuje ibitsina, abahuje ibitsina ndetse n’abahindura ibitsina (LGBT) cyangwa bambaye imyenda y’abagore niba babonaga ko atari abagore.

 I Gikondo, abapolisi cyangwa abarinzi babashinjaga kuba batagira aho baba, abajura cyangwa abakoze ibyaha maze bakabafungira mu cyumba cyagenewe ‘abakoze ibyaha’.

Umusore w’imyaka 27 yagize ati: Banjyanye i Kabuga bambwira ko nateje ibibazo mu Rwanda[…] Ngezeyo abapolisi bambaza impamvu nsa n’uyu. Kuki nsa n’umukobwa? Barambajije bati ‘uri indaya? ‘Naramusubije nti ‘ Oya, ndi Umunyarwanda. Baramfunze hamwe n’abandi bantu bashinjwaga abajura.”

Gusukura Kigali byabaye urwitwazo

Ingamba z’u Rwanda zo guteza imbere Kigali mu kwakira inama n’ibindi bikorwa mpuzamahanga, akenshi birimo guhohotera abaturage bakennye cyane by’umwihariko mu murwa mukuru.

Ibi byavuzwe na Lewis Mudge uhagarariye HRW muri Africa yo hagati wagize ati “Uburyo bw’u Rwanda bwo guhindura Kigali umujyi w’inama akenshi bubamo guhohotera abakene kurusha abandi bawutuye[…]guhohotera abatarebwa neza n’abakene kubera ko gusa  abategetsi babona banduza isura y’igihugu bibangamiye uburenganzira bw’umuntu.”

HRW ivuga ko ibi byo ‘gusukura’ imihanda ya Kigali byabaye na mbere mu 2016 mbere y’inama rusange y’umuryango w’ubumwe bwa Africa.

Mudge yakomeje avuga ko Inama imaze gusubikwa, abafatanyabikorwa b’u Rwanda muri Commonwealth bahisemo kuvugira uburenganzira bw’abahohotewe.

Nyuma ya raporo zasohotse mu 2015, 2016 na 2020 zerekeye ihohoterwa ryakorewe mu kigo cyo ‘Kwa Kabuga’ i Gikondo, ibyo bikorwa bibi byamaganywe muri Gashyantare 2020 mu gihe cyo gusuzuma u Rwanda muri komite y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe uburenganzira bw’umwana i Genève mu Busuwisi.

U Rwanda ni kimwe mu bihugu bike byo muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba bidahana icyaha cyo guhuza ibitsina byumvikanyweho. Kuzerera, gusabiriza n’uburaya nabyo ntabwo ari ibyaha. Icyakora, abayobozi bakomeje gukoresha ikigo cyo kwa Kabuga I Gikondo kugira ngo bafunge abaregwa ‘imyitwarire idahwitse ngo ibangamiye rubanda’ barimo abacuruza imihanda ndetse n’abatuye mu mihanda babita ‘inzererezi’.

U Rwanda rugomba gufunga byihutirwa ikigo cyo kwa Kabuga no guhindura amategeko agenga ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe.

Abayobozi bagomba guhita bakora iperereza ku manza zose zavuzwe zerekeye gufata nabi hamwe n’ibikorwa byo gukubita imfungwa bikorwa n’abapolisi n’abakozi bo mu kigo cyavuzwe haruguru harimo na raporo z’abafunzwe bapfuye.

Lewis Mudge yashoje agira ati “Dushingiye ku byabaye mu bihe byashize, birashoboka cyane ko ihohoterwa nk’iryo rizabaho mbere y’itariki nshya izatorwa mu nama ya Commonwealth.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Gufunga abantu no kubagirira nabi kubera gusa ko abayobozi bemeza ko bangiza isura y’igihugu bibangamira icyubahiro cya muntu. Abayobozi ba Commonwealth ntibagomba kwihanganira ibi.”

Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu Human Rights Watch wasabye Minisiteri y’Ubutabera n’Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe igororamuco amakuru ku bibera kwa Kabuga, ariko nta gisubizo cyigeze kiboneka kandi uyu muryango ntiwabashije kwikorera igenzura mu bwigenge.

Kugeza ubu mu Rwanda hari ibigo by’agateganyo bifungirwamo abantu bigera kuri 28, muri ibyo Ikigo cyo kwa Kabuga ni kimwe mu bivugwamo iyicarubozo rikorerwa abahafungiwe barimo n’abana b’impinja bafunganwa n’ababyeyi babo.

Ubutegetsi bwo bukavuga ko icyo kigo atari ahantu ho gufungira abantu ahubwo ari ahanyuzwa (transit) abantu runaka kandi bataharenza amasaha 72.

Yolande Makolo, umuvugizi wa guverinoma y’u Rwanda, yatangarije kuri Twitter ko raporo ya HRW ari “ukugerageza guhungabanya urwego rw’ingenzi rw’ubukungu bwacu hakoreshejwe ibirego byacuzwe.” Yakomeje avuga ko gutoba bitazakora kuko ibyo birego atari ukuri.

Yakomeje avuga ko u Rwanda rutavangura ku gitsina cyangwa ku mahitamo ashingiye ku gitsina mu mategeko muri politiki cyangwa mu ngiro.