Intangiriro:
Burya koko ngo amateka yisubiramo:
Mu mwaka wa 1996 ingabo za FPR zambutse umupaka muri Zayire zirasa impunzi ku manywa y’ihangu zirica karahava amahanga arebera. Icyo gihe ikinyoma cyashyizwe imbere y’akanama k’umutekano ka LONI ngo kwari gutandukanya impunzi zisanzwe, abasirikare ba FAR n’Interahamwe. Nyamara inkambi zari zituwe n’abanyarwanda bakabakaba miliyoni 2.5 mu gihe interahamwe nabo basirikare bagizwe urwitwazo babarirwaga nko mu bihumbi 20 ni ukuvuga 0.8% by’impunzi zose Nyamara imyaka 20 irashize bahiga iyo 0.8% yatumye impunzi zirenga 600 000 n’abanyekongo basa n’abahutu batabarika (8 000 000) bitikirizwa mu mashyamba ya Kongo. Muri abo batikijwe njyewe ubwanjye naburiyemo abantu 7 harimo na mama umbyara, abavandimwe tuvukana, incuti za hafi cyane zitabarika n’abandi.
Amateka yongeye yisubiyemo:
kuva 1996 habayeho za Kimya I&II, habaho za Amani leo , Umoja wetu n’ibindi ariko ikigambiriwe ari ugutsemba Abahutu n’abasa nabo no gusahura ubutunzi buri mu burasirazuba bwa Kongo. Mu mwaka wa 1996 umuryango wa LONI nta ngabo wari ufite muri Kongo ariko wari ufite ingabo igitero mu Rwanda kuburyo gutabara impunzi atari ikintu gikomeye. Habuze iki? Ubushake bwa politiki ndetse ntanuwatinya kuvuga ko habayemo ubugambanyi bukabije.
Hashize imyaka igiye gukabakaba 20 imiryango yita ku Mpunzi itereranye impunzi z’abanyarwanda. Impunzi z’Abanyarwanda ubu ziri mu mashyamba ya Kongo zirenga 250 000 zirimo gucurirwa imigambi mibisha yo kuzitsemba burundu kubera urwitwazo bavuga ko bari kumwe n’ urugaga rwazo FDLR ruharanira Demokarasi no kubohora u Rwanda,. Bivugwa ko FDLR ngo yaba ibarirwa mu bantu 1500 ni ukuvuga 0.6% by’impunzi zose. Nkuko muri iriya myaka yose urwitwazo rwabaye 0.8% ubu mu 2015 urwiwazo ni 0.6% by’impunzi zose. Ubu LONI ifite ingabo zirenga 20 000 muri Kongo, n’ibikoresho bitagira ingano. Ibyo bikoresho n’ingabo aho gukoreshwa barengera abanyantegenke (impunzi) babikoresheje mu myaka 20 yose bashyigikira abagamije kurimbura impunzi. NONEHO BIGIYE KUBA AGAHEBUZO KANDI NTA MIKINO IRIMO; NTA KINDI KIGANIRWA MURI LONI USIBYE KURIMBURA KANDI MONUSCO IZABIGIRAMO URUHARE NUBWO MURI MANDA YAYO KUGABA IBITERO BITARIMO . NTAWE UBURANA N’UMUHAMBA :BAZASHYIRA IGITUTU KU BIHUGU BYA SADC BINYUZWE MURI BRIGADE D’INTERVENTION (FIB) IRIMO TANZANIYA, AFURIKA YEPFO, etc NUBWO KUGEZA UBU TWIZERA KO BIRIYA BIHUGU TANZANIYA N’AFURIKA YEPFO BYOMBI BIZAKOMEZA KUMVISHA IBINDI BIHUGU UKURI KO UMUTI W’IKIBAZO ATARI UKURASA FDLR. Reka dutegereze ikizava ejobundi i Luanda tariki 15-16 Mutarama 2015 kandi byose tubyereke n’Imana.
Muri make urwitwazo barugize FDLR ariko muri rusange ikitwa impunzi y’umunyarwanda birayireba, ndetse tutibagiwe n’indi mitwe nka RUD-urunana na Force pour la Protection du Peuple-(Abajyarugamba) iri muri Kongo nubwo iyo mitwe idakunze kuvugwa ariko nayo ibitero ntibizabasiga kuko uwo barwanya numwe (FPR).
Nk’uko mubizi muri iyi myaka 24 ishize umuryango mpuzamahanga LONI wagiye ugaragaza kubogamira ku ruhande rw’abafashe ubutegetsi ku ngufu (FPR). Sinavuga ko FPR yatsinze urugamba kuko kuba u Rwanda ubu ari a no war zone (zone sans combats) ibyo ntibisobanuye ko intambara Rwando-Rwandais yarangiye. Gusa icyo sicyo kinzinduye uyu munsi kuko nzagishakira umwanya wacyo ngisobanure nerekana n’ingero zifatika zituma nemeza ko iyo ntambara ikiriho kandi ko LONI yabogamiye bikabije ku gatsiko ka Kagame/FPR kandi ibyo sinjye ubibona njyenyine kuko bigaragarira buri wese ushaka kumenya ukuri.
Mu minsi ishize natekereje icyo nakora gikomeye cyakunganiraho aba bavandimwe b’abanyarwanda ndakibura Ntekereza ko imbaraga zanjye zidahagije mu kuburizamo umugambi w’ibitero w’ibihugu bikomeye kw’isi kubera inyungu zabyo zitandukanye bifite muri Kivu. Nubwo izo ngufu zabo tuzizi, sinatereye agati mu ryinyo ngo nimpfumbate ntegereze igihe Abanyarwanda benewacu bazarimburwa tubarire twihanagure. Oya, nagerageje gushakisha n’ubu ngishakisha kandi nzakomeza gushakisha icyadufasha mu guhangana n’umwanzi wacu twese (FPR n’amashumiyayo).
Ni muri urwo rwego nifashishije ubuhanga (budahambaye) mfite mubijyanye na Information Technology (IT) nasanze hari umuganda natanga mu kunganira kurokora impunzi z’abanyarwanda ziri mu mashyamba mu gihe ingabo za FARDC zifatanyije na MONUSCO zaba zishyize mu bikorwa umugambi n‘amabwiriza ya LONI yo kubarasa. Ni muri urwo rwego nakusanyije uburyo 25 bw‘inama ku mpunzi bwerekana ibyakorwa mu kwirinda indege zitagira abaderevu.
Nkuko mubyibuka mu mpera z’Ukuboza 2013 hari indege zitagira abaderevu zoherejwe muri Kongo n’ibihugu by’ibihangange binyuze kuri LONI, muribuka kandi ko izo ndege zageze mu burasirazuba bwa Kongo mu gihe intambara ya M23 yarimo irangira. Ndetse muribuka ko ibihugu by’u Rwanda na Uganda byakoze urwiyerurutso rwo kwamagana izo drones hejuru y’ikirere cyabo ariko ntibyabujije ko izo ndege gushyirwa aho bari bakeneye ko zijya. Ntawabura kuvuga kandi ko akazi nyirizina ka ziriya ndege ubu karimo gakorwa. Ako kazi nta kandi ni ukugenzura ahirunze impunzi z’abanyarwanda, ibirindiro (positions) n’itumanaho ry’imitwe y’impunzi yifuza kubohora u Rwanda harimo cyane cyane FDLR yanashyize hasi intwaro zayo mu minsi ishize.
Indege zitarimo umuderevu zoherejwe muri Kongo ntizaje gukina ibyo tubimenye. Niyo mpamvu kumenya uko birinda ibitero byazo ari ikintu k’ingenzi ku mpunzi z’abanyarwanda n’abenegihugu ba Kongo ziri muri Kongo. By’umwihariko ku mpunzi z’abanyarwanda, kumenya neza uko birinda drones ni bumwe mu buryo bwabunganira mu kurokoka ibitero byo mu kirere ndetse no kubutaka mu gihe byaba bikozwe
Nagerageje gushakisha mu bitabo no kuri Internet imikorere ya za drones n’uburyo bwakoreshwa mu kwirinda ibitero by’izo drones. Documents na za links nifashishije byari mu rurimi rw’icyongereza ngerageza kubishyira mu Kinyarwanda nubwo bwose kubibonera amagambo akwiye bitoroshye. Ku bumenyi twakusanyije twongeyeho n’inama twahawe na bamwe mu bahugukiwe mu bumenyi bwo kurinda abenegihugu mu bihe by’intambara Ibyo byose twabikubiye mu nshamake twise ‘‘Uburyo 25 bwo kwirinda ibitero bya drones’
Iyi nyandiko nohereje mu binyamakuru bisomwa cyane n‘impunzi Ikaze-Iwacu, the Rwandan no mu bindi bitangazamakuru nkaba nifuza ko impunzi z’abanyarwanda ziri muri Kongo n’abayobozi bazo babona iyi nyandiko kakiri kare bakayisoma bityo bakabona igihe cyo kwimenyereza uburyo bwo kwihisha drones no kwiga andi mayeri (strategies) y’uko babyifatamo mu gihe ibitero by’umwanzi.
1. Mbere yo kubagezaho uburyo 25 reka tubanze tumenye mu ncamake icyo drones aricyo nyuma tumenye uko twazirinda
Drone ni indege itarimo umuderevu (pilote). Kugirango drone igere aho igomba gukora igikorwa runaka (kurasa, gufata amafoto, n’ibindi) iyoborwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya telekomande. Drones zikoreshwa aho indege zitwarwa n’abaderevu basanzwe zidashobora kugera cg zishobora kugira ingorane zo kuraswaho.
Muri ubwo buhanga bwa telekomande umurabyo (signal- command) woherezwa uvuye ku butaka mu kigo muri Amerika (base militaire) ikagera kuri imwe muri satellite (icyogajuru) y’abanyamerika iri mu kirere. Satellite iri mu kirere nayo iyo imaze kwakira umurabyo (signal) iwohereza kuri drone yashyizwe mu kirere aho igikorwa cyo kurasa cg gufata amafoto kibera. Hafi y‘aho drone ikora ibikorwa hashyirwa ikigo (base) mu gihugu runaka. Muri icyo kigo niho haba hari izindi telekomande zo kuzimya cyangwa kwatsa drone no mu gihe bikenewe ko ijya mu kirere cyangwa igaruka ku butaka . Urugero mu gihe ikigambiriwe ari ukurasa mu duce twa Goma cg Bukavu base ya drones ishobora gushyirwa Kampala, muri MONUSCO i Goma cg i Kigali ariko byose ibikorwa bikoherezwa muri kigo kibishinzwe (airbase) muri Amerika.
Bivugwa ko indege imwe ya drone ishobora kumara mu kirere amasaha 17 itaragaruka ku butaka. Ayo masaha iyamara izenguruka ikora reconnaissance, ifata amaforo cyangwa ikora ibindi bikorwa birimo no kurasa mu karere yatumwemo.
Iriya foto iratwereka mu buryo bw’ishusho uko drones zikora (aho hari mu ntambara muri Afganistan).
2. DORE UBURYO 25 BWO KWIRINDA IBITERO NA ESPIONAGE BYA DRONES
Ubu buryo bwa tagitiki tugiye kubagezaho bushingiye muri rusange kuri tekiniki zo kwirinda guhura n’ubukana bw’itumanaho rya drones (fréquence de communication), uburyo bwo kurinda abantu benshi, guhuma ikirere drone zishaka kurasamo ndetse n‘uburyo bwo guceremba, kuyobya amarari, no kujijisha drones hakoreshejwe ubwugamo n’ubwihisho butandukanye
1. Gushyira réseaux de reconnaissance ( ikipe y’intasi) bambaye ibyatsi cg ibihuru kugirango batagaragara) bagahabwa inshingano zo kumenya no guhiga aho drones zashyizwe mu kirere . Akenshi drones zishyirwa mu kirere hagati ya 1 Km na 6Km z’ubutumburuke.
2. Ikindi gikomeye kandi cy’ibanze ni ukumenya ikigambiriwe n’ibikubiye mu butumwa bwa drone. Biraruhije kubimenya ariko hari akuma kakozwe n’abarusiya kitwa “sky grabber” kakwifashishwa mu gusoma information za mission ya drone. Aka kuma gafasha kandi no kumenya fréquence (ubukana) bwa drones, Ariko bisaba ko gakoreshwa n’umuntu uzi neza gukoresha ibyuma bya murandasi (ordinateurs).
3. Mu rwego rwo kujijisha fréquence za drones: hashobora kwifashishwa utwuma tusohora amajwi kuri fréquences nyinshi ; ibi byangiza system ya telekomanda ya drones no gutuma drones zidakomeza kohereza amakuru nyayo kuri za satellites ziri mu kirere cyangwa ziri muri Amerika. Kugirango ibi bigerweho hagurwa utwuma twinshi twitwa “Racals”. Izi “Racals” zibonetse zituma ibi byo kujijisha telekomande za drones byoroha cyane.
4. Kuzimya imiyoboro yose y’ikoranabuhanga idakoresha urutsinga (wireless): telephone zifite kamera na internet, mudasobwa n’ibindi.
5. Kwirinda guteranyiriza impunzi ahantu hagaragara (ahantu hafunguye)
6. Kwihisha no kwirinda kubonwa na za drones cyane cyane igihe cya nijoro hirindwa gucana umuriro, amasitimu n’ibindi binyarumuri.
7. Kujijisha umwanzi ukoresheje guhindaguranya no kwimura regulièrement ibirindiro by‘abayobozi .Muri ibi bihe abayobozi bakuru bagerageza kuba mobile birinda kuguma mu birindiro bisanzwe bizwi na MONUSCO cg FARDC
8. Kwirinda no kugabanya za mouvements na communications unitiles: ibi birareba cyane cyane Abayobozi bakuru b‘impunzi
9. Gukoresha ubwihisho bwo mu myobo kuko drones zirasa za missiles zisimbukana abantu (missiles anti-personnel) ntabwo ari drones zirasa missiles zirimbura amazu.
10. Kujya ahantu hatagera imirasire y’izuba; nko kujya mu gicucucu cy’amazu cg mu nsi y’amashami y’ibiti.
11. Gukuraho imodoka zose no kuzihisha cyane cyane igihe cy’intambara cg cy’urugamba rwa drones).
12. Kwihisha ku biti by’inganzamarumbu kuko ni bumwe mu buryo bwo kwirinda kubonwa n’indege.
13. Gushukashuka cg kujijisha za drones hakoreshejwe kwinjirira no gusohokera ahantu hatandukanye. Ibi bivuze gukoresha amazu afite imiryango myinshi yo gusohokeramo.
14. Gushyiraho ikipe y’abatasi bavumbura abatasi b’umwanzi bagendagenda hafi y’ibirindiro by’abayobozi bakuru b‘impunzi. Ikipe z’ubutasi zikomeza gukora neza kurusha mbere.
15. Hagabanywe ingendo za famille zanyu zibasura ku birindiro by‘ubuyobozi kandi mwite kugenzura cyane cyane abinjira n‘abasohoka aho mutuye.
16. Kujijisha umwanzi hakoreshejwe za kadahwema cg ibipupe bifite statut imeze nk’abantu
17. Kwirinda kwirundanya ahantu hamwe no kujya mu modoka zimwe ahubwo abantu bakanyanyagira ahantu hanini kuko drones ntizishobora kwiruka kuri buri wese ume umwe icyarimwe.
18. Kwihisha mu buvumo cg mu mashyamba y’inzitane kure y’imihanda.
19. Mu gihe cy’urugamba drones zatangiye kurasa kwirinda gukoresha uburyo bw’itumanaho iryo ariryo ryose (telephone, ibyombo, amaradiyo, mudasobwa) kuko umwanzi aba yaratahuye amanumero yabo n‘amajwi yabo ku buryo umwanzi ashobora kubagwa gitumo amaze kumenya aho baherereye. Mwibuke uko byagendekeye Savimbi muri Angola cg na John Garange muri Sudan.
20. Mugihe urugamba rugeze mu mahina muri zone ziri kuraswaho na drones bashobora kwirwanaho bagatwika amapine menshi muburyo atagurumana cyane ahubwo agatwikwa kuburyo acucumura ibyotsi byinshi bigahuma ikirere drones zikoresha zibasukaho ibisasu.
21. Kwirinda kw’ataka (attaquer) ingabo z’abibumbye MONUSCO kuko ni icyaha mpuzamahanga cyo mu ntambara gikomeye kereka mu gihe bibaye ngombwa mwitabara
22. Kugerageza kwirinda kwikorera ibikoresho biremereye. Ibiremereye byabikwa ahantu h’ibanga.
23. Kujijisha fréquences n’itumanaho rinyarutse rya drone hakoreshejwe gucana (gufungura) twa moteurs tw’ibyuma bishaje. Uru rugero rwagize umusaruro mu gihe abaturage bo muri Yugoslavia birindaga ibitero bya missiles za NATO bakoreshaga microwave (utwuma dushyushya ibiribwa) mu gihe cy’ibitero bakazifungurira rimwe. Gusa biraruhije ku bari mu ishyamba kubona za microwave cyangwa ibindi byuma kuko nta mashaanyarazi bafite.
24. Kurambika no gukwirakwiza ibisate by’ibirahure hejuru y’amazu cyangwa imodoka zikoreshwa cyane cyane n’abayobozi b‘impunzi Kubera propriétés réfracteurs z’ibirahure zideviya( dévier) icyerekezo cya onde bigatuma amafoto yafatwa na drones atagaragara neza. Ibi bisaba guhora bikorwa régulièrement kuko drones uba utazi igihe zatangiriye gufata amafoto nigihe zizarangiriza.
25. Gukoresha moyens possible zose mu kwirinda gutakaza abantu bacu nibikoresho byabo (abo twabuze si bake!)
Umwanzuro
LONI iri gushakira ikibazo aho kitari kandi nayo irabizi neza uretse kwigiza nkana. Abagénocidaire butwi bishe bakanicisha abanyarwanda baridegembya i Kigali bicaye nku ntebe y’ubutegetsi ariko bakomeza no kwica abanyarwanda babajugunya mu migezi n’ibiyaga. Niba koko LONI iharanira amahoro kw’isi kandi ikba ifite intege nyinshi nireke guhimbira ku mpunzi ijye i Kigali ifate Kagame n’agatsiko ke abanyarwanda twiruhutse.
Banyarwanda Mpunzi bavandimwe ntimukuke imitima ariko muryamire amajanja. Kwirinda drones birashoboka birasaba kumenya neza imikorere ya drones nk’uko twabisobanuye hejuru. Nimwirinde drones kandi mwibuke kwirinda n’ibitero byo ku butaka.
Ndatekereza ko kabone niyo abagambiriye kubarimbura kw’isi bakwisubiraho bagasubiza inkota zabo mu nzubati (nubwo ntabihamya) ubumenyi nk’ukubu ntako busa kuko buzabafasha no mu minsi yindi mibi.
Nk’umwe mu bantu barokokeye mu mashyamba ya Kongo nyuma yo gutereranwa n’amahanga yose sinzatererana abakiri muri ariya mashyamba kuko ntazibagirwa na rimwe abacu bayatsembewemo kugeza uyu munsi tukaba tutarahabwa uburenganzira bwo kubaherekeza mu cyubahiro. Uyu ni umusanzu wanjye ni ubwo nkeka ko ari muto bwose ariko muwakire uko uri kuko uvuye ku mutima w’umuntu ukunda Abanyarwanda utifuza ko impunzi benewacu batsembwa naba mpatsibihugu banyuze kuri Kagame na Museveni n’amashumi yabo bashaka gukomeza kwigabanya umutungo wa Kongo.
Mbijeje kuzakomeza kubaba hafi haba mu masengesho no mu bikorwa bindi bifatika ndetse nzakomeza gushakisha n’ikindi cyose cyabafasha mwe mukiri mu mashyamba muri Kongo ntibagiwe n’itzindi mpunzi z’abanyarwanda zinyanyagiye n’ahandi kw’isi hose mu gushaka umuti urambye wo gusubira mu gihugu cyacu twemye:
Imana ibidufashemo, iduhe urukundo n’amahoro yayo!
Jean-Marie V Minani
Umwe mu barokokeye muri Kongo akaba n’Umukuru w’ISANGANO
Email: [email protected]
Tariki 11/01/2015
