Yanditswe na Arnold Gakuba
Inkuru ivugwa ubu ni iy’abasirikare n’abapolisi b’u Rwanda bagera ku 1,000 berekeje muri Mozambike bivugwa ko bagiye mu gikorwa cyo kugarura amahoro mu Ntara ya Cabo Delgado iherereye mu majyaruguru y’icyo gihugu. Nk’uko byagiye bigenda mu bihe byashize, ingabo z’u Rwanda ndetse n’igipolisi bagiye boherezwa hirwa no hino mu bihugu bitandukanye ngo muri gahunda yo kugarura amahoro. Nyamara abakurikiranira hafi kandi bagasesengura imikorere ya Paul Kagame, basanga akenshi haba hari izindi mpamvu ze bwite zihishe inyuma y’ibyo bikorwa. Ese aho muri Mozambike naho siko byaba bimeze?
Dusubize amaso inyuma
Kuva muri 1996 abasirikare b’u Rwanda boherejwe muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo (DRC). Leta ya Paul Kagame yavugaga ko ikurikiranyeyo abakoze ibyaha muri jenoside yo muri 1994 no gucyura impunzi z’abanyarwanda zari muri icyo gihugu. Nyuma yaho muri 1998 nabwo yongeye gusubirayo noneho avuga ko agiye kurwanya abitegura guhungabanya umutekano w’u Rwanda. Kongo akaba ari rumwe mu ngero zerekaba aho Paul Kagame yohereje ingabo ze bitazwi kandi bitemewe ariko akanga akabikora kubera inyungu ze akenshi ziganjemo iz’ubukungu na politiki nk’uko byagiye bitangazwa na benshi ndetse barimo n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye mu cyiswe “mapping report“.
Kuva 2005 abasirikare b’u Rwanda boherejwe i Darfur muri Sudani mu cyiswe UNMIS. Abakurikiranira hafi bakaba bemeza ko aha Paul Kagame yabonye uburyo bwiza bwo gushushanya amahanga ayereka ko igisirikare n’igipolisi by’u Rwanda ari akataraboneka. Ku rundi ruhande, muri ubu butumwa bw’ingabo z’u Rwanda muri Sudani, ngo Paul Kagame yaba yarabonyemo akayabo k’amadolari. Umwe mu basirikare bagiye mu butumwa muri Darfur yabwiye The Rwandan ko igice kinini cy’amafaranga uwoharejwe mu butumwa yagenerwaga n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye kidahabwa nyirubwite ahubwo kiguma muri Leta.
Mu bihe bitandukanye, igipolisi cy’u Rwanda cyoherejwe mu butumwa bwo kugarura amahoro hirya no hino nko muri Haïti (2011-2019), Côte d’Ivoire Libéria, Sudan y’amajyepfo n’ahandi hatandukanye. Aho hose, hakaba hari hagamijwe kwiyerekena ariko cyane cyane hagamijwe no gukurayo akayabo k’amadolari.
Kuva muri 2019 abasirikare n’abapolisi b’u Rwanda bohetejwe i Bangui muri Centrafrique mu cyiswe MIMUSCA. Nk’uko byagenze muri Sudani, aha naho Paul Kagame yarebaga akamiya. Ku rundi ruhande ariko hashobora kuba harimo n’impamvu za politiki dore ko Perezida w’icyo gihugu arindwa n’abasirikare b’u Rwanda. Si Ibyo gusa kuko mu mwaka wa 2020 igihe Inyeshyamba zasatiraga umujyi wa Bangui, Kagame yohereje izindi ngabo muri Centrafrique zo zidaciye muri ONU.
Amakuru avugwa ubu ni ay’abasirikare n’abapolisi barenga 1,000 boherejwe ku mugaragaro muri Mozambike, hakaba hanavugwa kandi ko hari abagezeyo mbere nyamara bikaba bitaratangajwe. Aho hose twavuze ndetse n’ahandi tutavuze, u Rwanda rwagiye kandi rugenda rwohereza abasirikare n’igipolisi harimo aho rubikora ku buryo buzwi kandi bwemewe n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ndetse n’indi miryango n’ibihugu, ariko harimo n’aho bikorwa bitemewe cyangwa bitazwi. Gusa n’aho byemewe ushobora gusanga haba harimo n’izindi mpamvu zihishe inyuma.
Zimwe mu mpamvu zo kohereza abasirikare n’igipolisi cy’u Rwanda kanze
Kwibonekeza no kubeshya amahanga
Imikorere n’imiyoborere ya Paul Kagame yaranzwe no kwibonekeza mu ruhando rw’amahanga. Ibi bikorwa mu rwego rwo kugirango amahanga abone ko Leta ya Kagame ari intangarugero, akataraboneka ko hari byinshi yakwigirwaho. N’ubwo wenda abasirikare n’igipolisi cy’u Rwanda byaba bifite icyo birusha ibindi, n’ubwo ari ibyo kwitondera kuko nta kibigaragaza, ntabwo wahamya ko ari intangarugero mu ruhando rw’amahanga ku buryo aribo bitabazwa kenshi. Igishobora kuba kihishe inyuma ni ukugirango amahanga arangarire utwo dukorwa duto maze ntashobore kubona imiyobore mibi y’ubutegetsi buriho mu Rwanda. Ibyo kandi byaragaragaye kuko bigarukwaho mu mbwirwaruhame nyinshi za Paul Kagame n’abamushyigikiye aho bakunda gusobanura ko ari intangarugero muri byinshi maze bagatanga ingero ku gisirikare n’igipolisi byoherejwe mu butumwa hanze.
Gushaka imitungo
Kohereza abasirikare mu bindi bihugu, byaba ari muri gahunda zo kubungabunga amahoro cyangwa se izindi zihariye, byagaragaye ko Leta ya Paul Kagame iba ihanze amaso kukizavamo, akamiya. Ibi bikaba bigerwaho ku buryo butaziguye nko kwikubira igice kinini cy’imishahara y’ababa boherejwe muri ubwo butumwa ariko na none hakaba harimo no kuba bagira ububasha kuri imwe mu mitungo kamere y’ibyo bihugu (urugero nko muri Congo no muri Centrafrique) ndetse no kwinjira mu isoko ry’ubucuruzi ku buryo uretse ibikoreshwa n’izo ngabo bigurwa mu masosiyete ya FPR, ayo masosiyete abona amasoko ukomeye muri Ibyo bihugu biba birimo Ingabo z’u Rwanda.
Politiki
Kubera ko ingoma ya Paul Kagame yahemukiye kandi yatsikamije benshi mu banyarwanda maze ababona ubuzima bwabo buri mu mazi abira bagahitamo gukuramo akabo karenge ngo bakoze amagara yabo, Paul Kagame ahora atekereza ko hari ibibi baba bategura. Ibyo bituma Paul Kagame yohereza ingabo ze (igisirikare n’igipolisi) bitwaje ubutumwa bw’amahoro nyamara bagamije kureba no kuneka bimwe mu bikorwa by’abanyarwanda baba baherereye muri ibyo bihugu.
Kuki abasirikare n’abapolisi boherejwe muri Mozambike
Nk’uko tumaze kubisobanura haruguru, impamvu zitumye Paul Kagame yohereza abasirikare muri Mozambike zishobora kuba zidatandukanye cyane n’izimaze kuvugwa. Isesengura ry’iyo ngingo rishobora gushingira ku bintu bitatu by’ingenzi: gahunda yo gukomeza kwibonekeza nk’inararibonye mu by’umutekano, ubukungu ndetse na politiki.
Mu kwezi kwa Mata k’uyu mwaka wa 2021, perezida wa Mozambike Filipe Nyusi yasuye Paul Kagame w’u Rwanda. Mu by’ingenzi byamugenzaga harimo kuganira ku kibazo cy’iterabwoba. Urwo ruzinduko rwabaye nyuma y’uko inyeshyamba zisunga amahame ya kiyislamu zigabye igitero, muri Werurwe 2021, mu mujyi wa Palma uherereye mu majyaruguru ya Mozambike zigahitana ubuzima bwa benshi. Uwo mujyi wa Palma ukaba ari ihuriro ry’ubukungu. Twakwibaza uruhare Paul Kagame yaba afite mu guhosha iterabwoba. Ikindi na none twakwibaza ni impamvu Filipe Nyusi yahisemo kwegera Paul Kagame ngo amugire inama kuri icyo kibazo. Ese aho ntabwo yaba yarabeshywe ko abanyarwanda bibera muri Mozambike bishakirayo amaramuko baba bari muri ibyo bikorwa noneho akumva ko Paul Kagame yazamufasha kubarwanya?
Twibutse ko igihugu cya Mozambike kiri muri bimwe mu bihugu bya Afrika birimo abanyarwanda benshi bagiyeyo ku mpamvu zitandukanye zirimo ubuhunzi ariko kandi hari na benshi bagiye muri icyo gihugu gukorerayo ubucuruzi kuko kwa Paul Kagame byari byanze. Wasanga nabyo byarariye Paul Kagame agahitamo kujya kubavuyanga no kubabuza umutekano. Mu byiciro by’abanyarwanda baba muri Mozambike kandi harimo n’impunzi zahunze u Rwanda kuva 1994, Paul Kagame yita interahamwe. Ikinyamakuru rya Leta ya Paul Kagame “Rushyashya” cyatangaje kuri uyu wa 9 Nyakanga 2021 inkuru igira iti “Interahamwe n’ibigarasha Biba Muri Mozambike Byahiye Ubwoba Byumvise ko U Rwanda Rugiye Koherezayo Ingabo N’abapolisi.” Ese ntabwo kwaba ari uguca amarenga ku mpamvu zijyanye abasirikare n’abapolisi ba Paul Kagame muri Mozambike?
Amajyaruguru y’igihugu cya Mozambike aherereyeho intara ya Cabo Delgado ni agace kagize kuri gaz ubu icukurwa na sosiyete yitwa “Total” yo mu gihugu cy’Ubufaransa. Twibutse ko ubu umubano w’u Rwanda n’Ubufaransa uhagaze neza cyane ku buryo aho Ubufaransa bwaba buri bitagorana ko n’u Rwanda rwahatera amatako kugirango bafatanye mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi dore ko ikibazo cya politiki cyo barangije kugikemura. Ikindi kizwi neza ni uko Paul Kagame atakohereza abasirikare n’abapolisi be nta nyungu z’amafaranga afitemo. Wasanga rero iyo gaz nayo Paul Kagame yaba ayihanze amaso ngo abone uko akomeza kongera umutungo we.
Twanzure
Mu myaka 27 amaze ku butegetsi mu Rwanda, Paul Kagame yagaragaye ko yashatse kandi agishaka kwibonekeza mu ruhando rw’amaganga, kugwiza umutungo abinyujije mu nzita nyinshi zirimo no gukoresha igisirikare ndetse n’igipolisi ndetse no gusahura imitungo kamere y’ibindi bihugu mu buryo bwa rwihishwa nk’uko byagenze muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo (DRC). Ku rundi ruhande, ku ngoma ya Paul Kagame, hari abanyarwanda benshi biganjemo abanyapolitiki, abasirikare bakomeye ndetse n’abari abacuruzi bahunze igihugu kubera umutekano wabo maze bajya kwibera mu bihugu bitandukanye byaba ibyo ku mugabane w’Uburayi ndetse n’ibyo muri Afrika. Mozambike ikaba ari kimwe mu gihugu cy’Afrika abanyarwanda bagiye gushakiramo imibereho. Kuba Paul Kagame yagira umudendezo muri Mozambike bishobora kumuha uburyo bwiza bwo kumenya imibereho y’abanyarwanda bari muri icyo gihugu. Ese aho ntiwasanga zimwe muri izi mpamvu turondoye arizo nyamukuru zamujyanye muri Mozambike yitwaje kujya kubungabunga amahoro?
