Muri iyi minsi ikivugwa cyane muri politiki y’u Rwanda ni inama zitumizwa na Bwana Faustin Twagiramungu wigeze kuba Ministre w’intebe w’u Rwanda hagati ya 1994 na 1995, ubu akaba ari umukuru w’ishyaka RDI Rwanda-Rwiza ritavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi buriho mu Rwanda.
Amavu n’amavuko y’izo nama
Mu gihe hari ikibazo cy’inyeshyamba za M23 zarwaniraga muri Congo zishyigikiwe na Leta y’u Rwanda. Habayeho guhangana hagati y’ibihugu byo mu karere cyane cyane guhera mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 2013, ubwo Perezida Jakaya Kikwete wa Tanzaniya yasabaga ko niba Leta ya Congo ijya mu biganiro na M23, Leta y’u Rwanda nayo yagombye kujya mu biganiro n’abayirwanya ndetse na FDLR irimo. Aya magambo ya Perezida Kikwete yakiriwe nabi cyane n’abategetsi b’u Rwanda, kuva ku muturage usanzwe ushyigikiye Leta ya FPR kugeza kuri Perezida Kagame ubwe bifatiye ku gahanga Perezida Kikwete kugeza n’aho Perezida Kagame avuga ko azamumena.
Aya magambo ya Perezida Kagame, ubwishongozi, kutumva inama z’abandi n’agasuzuguro by’abayobozi b’u Rwanda, guhora Leta y’u Rwanda iteza akaduruvayo mu karere cyane cyane muri Congo byateye uburakari abayobozi ba Tanzaniya na bamwe mu bakuru b’ibihugu bigize SADC cyane cyane Perezida Jacob Zuma w’Afrika y’Epfo.
Iki kibazo cyabaye nk’aho giciyemo kabiri umuryango w’Afrika y’uburasirazuba, East African Community (EAC). Maze ba Perezida Kagame na Museveni biyegereza Perezida Uhuru Kenyatta wa Kenya hagamijwe guha akato igihugu cya Tanzaniya.
Ku ruhande rwa Tanzaniya naho ntibicaye kuko bahise batangira kwirukana abanyamahanga baba muri Tanzaniya ngo batujuje ibyangombwa akenshi biganjemo abanyarwanda.
Muri uko gushaka gushyira mu kato igihugu cya Tanzaniya, Perezida Kagame yashatse gukururira Perezida Nkurunziza muri icyo kigare cye kuko bari basanzwe babanye neza ariko akubita igihwereye.Kagame yari akeneye igihugu cy’u Burundi mu guteza umutekano muke muri Tanzaniya bibaye ngombwa. Kagame ntajya yihanganira ibintu nk’ibyo, bivugwa ko yahise yijundika Perezida Nkurunziza ndetse atangira gushaka uburyo yateza akaduruvayo mu Burundi, ku buryo yifuzaga gukoresha abatutsi baho ngo bahirike ubutegetsi nibiba ngombwa abahe ibikoresho n’ingabo.
Iyi migambi ya Kagame ndetse n’ibyo bibazo bindi twavuze haruguru byatumye abayobozi b’ibihugu bya SADC cyane cyane Afrika y’Epfo na Tanzaniya byagize uruhare mu gushyiraho ubutegetsi buriho mu Burundi no kugarurayo amahoro, byiyemeza gukura ku butegetsi Perezida Kagame mu buryo bushoboka bwose.
Uburyo bwa mbere bwatekerejwe n’ugufasha abarwanya Perezida Kagame bakishyira hamwe bagasaba ibiganiro na Leta y’u Rwanda mu mahoro maze ibihugu by’amahanga bishyigikiye uwo mugambi bigashyira igitutu kuri Leta y’u Rwanda ikajya mu biganiro byavamo igabana ry’ubutegetsi bishingiye ku moko nk’uko byagenze mu Burundi. Ubu buryo babona bwakuraho Perezida Kagame mu mahoro mu gihe nyuma y’igabana ry’ubutegetsi habaho amatora aciye mu mucyo.
Iyi nzira y’amahoro ibi bihugu byashyize imbere bivugwa ko izageragezwa mu buryo bushoboka bwose kugeza igihe bigaragariye amahanga yose ko Kagame ariwe kibazo mu karere bityo n’ingufu za gisirikare zigakoreshwa ibyo bigakorwa vuba mu gihe kitarenze imyaka 2 cyangwa 3 kuko abakuru b’ibihugu bashyigikiye uwo mugambi ibihugu byabo bigendera kuri demokarasi bazaba barangije manda zabo za kabiri badashobora kongera kwiyamamaza kandi ntawakwizera ko abazabasimbura bakomeza uwo murongo wa politiki.
Mu gushyira hamwe abatavuga rumwe na Leta y’u Rwanda, ibyo bihugu n’abandi bifuza ko ibintu bihunduka mu Rwanda bagiriye inama FDLR yo gutangaza ko ihagaritse imirwano inashyize intwaro hasi yiyemeje inzira ya politiki ibyo bihugu nabyo biyizeza ko ingabo zabo ziri muri Congo zitazayitera, bikumvisha Leta ya Congo ko nayo igomba kuba ihugiye ku kibazo cya ADF-NALU igaha amahoro FDLR.
Mu kwegeranya opposition nyarwanda ibyo bihugu byahisemo bwana Faustin Twagiramungu kugira ngo agerageze guhuza opposition nyarwanda. N’ubwo bwose Leta ya Tanzaniya yabihakanye, ariko Bwana Twagiramungu yagiye mu gihugu cya Tanzaniya aho yagiranye ibiganiro na bamwe mu bahagarariye ibihugu bya SADC cyane cyane abo muri Tanzaniya n’Afrika y’Epfo. Umuntu akaba atakwirengagiza ko igihugu cya Tanzaniya cyagize uruhare runini mu guhindura ubutegetsi mu bihugu baturanye (Uganda bakuyeho Idi Amin, mu Burundi bafashije CNDD-FDD, muri Mozambique bafashije FRELIMO, Afrika y’Epfo bafashije ANC, mu Rwanda bafashije FPR n’ahandi n’ahandi..)
Ni ukuvuga ko rero guhuza opposition ariko buri shyaka rigakomeza kugira ubwigenge bwaryo si igitekerezo bwite cya Twagiramungu kandi gahunda ya Twagiramungu ntabwo ihubukiwe kuko abifuza gufasha ntabwo bazahora ku butegetsi basigaje imyaka 2 cyangwa itatu gusa ku butegetsi.
Imbogamizi
Imbogamizi ya mbere yaturutse ku Ihuriro Nyarwanda RNC aho abayobozi baryo bamwe batishimiye ko Bwana Twagiramungu ariwe ibyo bihugu bihisemo dore ko yanze kujya muri iryo huriro rigitagira nk’uko yari yabisabwe. Kuri RNC, Twagiramungu ni umuntu utava kw’izima badashobora gupfa gucenga uko babonye kandi muri iyi minsi aragaragara nk’umuntu ushaka gusiga izina mu mateka y’u Rwanda ku buryo hari benshi batangajwe n’ubunyangamugayo basigaye bamubonana muri iyi minsi.
Ikindi kitashimishije bamwe muri RNC n’uburyo hashobora kubaho imikorane n’andi mashyaka icyo gitekerezo kitavuye muri RNC kandi ngo inayobore icyo gikorwa.
Izi nama za Bwana Twagiramungu zabaye nk’izisenya igitekerezo cya Bwana Théogène Rudasingwa cyo gutumiza inama mpuzamahanga ku Rwanda (INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RWANDA) yifuzaga ko yaba hagati mu kwezi kwa Werurwe 2014. Iyo nama ngo yatumirwamo abahuza bashobora kuba ari abahoze ari abakuru b’ibihugu, umuryango w’Africa yunze ubumwe, ibihugu byo mu karere, imiryango mpuzamahanga n’abandi bakwifuza gufasha muri icyo gikorwa, Leta y’u Rwanda, imitwe ya politiki yose ari irwanya Leta n’iyishyigikiye, société civile, abahoze mu butegetsi, abanyamadini, indorerezi n’abandi.
Uko bivugwa n’uko izi nama za Bwana Twagiramungu zigize umusaruro kuri RNC bigaragara ko yatakaza ingufu n’abayoboke kuko hari benshi bagiye muri RNC batitaye ku mahame shingiro y’iryo huriro bizeye gusa ko izahindura ibintu vuba, ifite ingabo n’ibindi …
Mu gihe iki gikorwa cya Bwana Twagiramugu cyagira icyo kigeraho kandi mu gihe ubutegetsi bwahinduka cyangwa hakabaho ibiganiro RNC idafitemo uruhare rukomeye ngo inagire ingufu mu butegetsi bwakurikiraho bishobora gushyira mu kaga bamwe mu bayobozi ba RNC bafite ibyaha by’intambara cyangwa ibindi bahemukiyemo abanyarwanda. Hari benshi mu bahutu badatinya kuvuga ko nta kuntu Kayumba Nyamwasa n’abandi bakwidegembya ngo habe ari abafungiye Arusha n’ahandi. Bakaba babona ubutabera cyangwa imbabazi rusange bigomba kureba bose.
Ikindi gishobora gutera RNC kutareba neza ibyo biganiro n’uko mu gitekerezo cyatanzwe na SADC harimo kugabana ubutegetsi bishingiye ku moko ibyo bikaba byagushamo abatutsi bo muri RNC kuko byaba ngombwa ko bagabana imyanya n’abatutsi bagenzi babo bo muri FPR mu gihe bizwi ko FPR na RNC kuba hamwe ari nko guteka ibihanga bibiri mu nkono imwe, kubera inzangano n’ibindi bibazo ni ibintu bigaragarira buri wese ko RNC na FPR bidashobora kuba mu butegetsi bumwe.
RNC muri izi mpungenge zayo yazikuruyemo bamwe mu banyapolitiki bafite ibyo bapfa na Bwana Twagiramungu ku giti cyabo natanga urugero rwa Bwana Nkiko Nsengimana utaribagirwa amasinde ye na Bwana Twagiramungu yo mu myaka irenga 20 ishize mu nama yo ku Kabusunzu.
Aho kuvugisha ukuri hakunze gukoreshwa ijambo ryo kuvuga ngo Bwana Twagiramungu arihutisha ibintu, izi nama zirahubukiwe, barashaka kudushyira muri Forum nka ya yindi ya FPR n’ibindi
Si ku ruhande rwa RNC gusa hari impungenge kuko hari andi mashyaka nka CNR-Intwari ya ba Emmanuel Habyalimana na Théobald Rwaka ishaka kuza muri iyo nama nka plateforme bityo ikazana n’igice cya FDU-Inkingi kigizwe na Eugène Ndahayo na Jean Baptiste Mberabahizi. Amakuru atugeraho avuga ko CNR-Intwari yanze kwitabira ibiganiro yonyine mu gihe ku ruhande rwa Bwana Twagiramungu ho bahisemo uruhande rufite abayoboke benshi kandi rushyigikiye Madame Victoire Ingabire. Tutirengagije ko n’ubwo nta matora araba abayoboke ba CNR-Intwali babarirwa ku mitwe y’intoki.
Kuba Emmanuel Habyalimana yarashatse gufatanya n’umunyaBwisige mwene wabo Jean de la Paix Mupenzi wiyitaga Général de Brigade mu mishinga wagaragaraga nk’uwo guhangana na FCRL-Ubumwe yari imaze kuvuka byagaragaye kuri benshi nko kuba opportuniste dore ko icyo gikorwa cya Mupenzi cyasamiwe mu kirere n’abandi nka ba Anastase Gasana ubu cyagiye nka nyomberi.
Irindi shyaka ritagaragara muri biriya biganiro bivugwa ko ritanatumiwe n’ishyaka Ishema rya Padiri Nahimana Thomas, mu by’ukuri ntawamenya impamvu iryo shyaka ritatumiwe ariko ababikurikiranira hafi bavuga ko bishobora kuba bituruka ku masinde ari hagati ya Bwana Twagiramungu na Padiri Nahimana dore ko Padiri Nahimana yabanje kuba umuyoboke w’ishyaka RDI Rwanda Rwiza mbere yo gushinga ishyaka Ishema ry’u Rwanda.
Ikindi gishobora gutuma Padiri Nahimana atitabira ibyo biganiro ngo n’uko agaragaza kutoroherana na gato, kandi ngo akaba ahagaze bidasubirwaho ku murongo yise Revolisiyo itamena amaraso. Bamwe bakaba bayifata nk’inzozi dore ko yibwira ko abaturage bazahaguruka bakigaragambya ngo abasirikare ntibabarase mu gihe Padiri Nahimana yivugira ubwe kenshi ko izo ngabo ari iz’ubwoko bumwe n’ishyaka rimwe kandi zatojwe kwica. Benshi bakaba basanga iyo Revolusiyo ya Padiri aho kumena amaraso ku mpande zombi ahubwo yamena amaraso y’abaturage gusa kandi ntigire icyo igeraho.
Ikindi cyavuzwe n’amashyaka yababajwe n’uko atatumiwe azizwa ko ari mato, ariko ku ruhande rwa Bwana Twagiramungu bivugwa ngo yatumiye amashyaka abona akomeye ngo ibiganiro bikaba bizakomeza n’abandi nyuma hari ikimaze kugerwaho.
Hari n’abibaje impamvu ishyaka Amahoro ryatuwe ku ikubitiro kandi ari ishyaka rito, kuri iki kibazo abasesengura basanga Bwana Twagiramungu yarifuje ko hatabaho ubwiganze bw’amashyaka yiganjemo abahutu gusa ahubwo akifuza ko muri iyi mana hagaragaramo amashyaka menshi yiganjemo abatutsi. N’ubwo ishyaka Amahoro ryagiriwe icyizere rigatumirwa ntabwo ryitabiriye ubutumire, benshi bakaba bakeka ko haba harimo igitutu cya RNC.
Isenyuka ry’amashyaka cyangwa isezera ry’abayoboke
Amashyaka yagizweho ingaruka n’abayobozi bamwe bayo bashatse kurwanya igitekerezo cya Bwana Twagiramungu ni abiri:
Twahera kuri RNC aho benshi mu bayoboke bayo bibaza impamvu RNC yarwanyije iki gitekerezo cya Bwana Twagiramungu, bakaba bibaza impamvu itakwitabira inama maze impungenge n’ibitekerezo ikabivugira muri iyo nama.
Bamwe mu bayoboke ba RNC batashyigikiye uwo murongo babona utabanogeye nka Dr Paulin Murayi, Saleh Karuranga n’abandi bahisemo kwitabira inama ya Bwana Twagiramungu yo kuya 2 Mutarama 2014, biranavugwa ko bitabiriye n’inama y’uyu munsi kuya 15 Gashyantare 2014.
Amakuru agera kuri The Rwandan aravuga ko Dr Paulin Murayi aribwitabire inama yo kuri uyu wa gatandatu tariki ya 15.02.2014 ahagarariye ishyaka rishya amaze gushinga we n’abandi bahisemo kuva muri RNC kuko ngo babona umurongo irimo ikurikira ubu uhabanye cyane n’uwo baje bakurikiye igihe binjiraga muri iryo huriro. Ikindi kivugwa n’uko ngo hari byinshi babona bidasobanutse mu miyoborere ya RNC babona bisa n’amacenga cyangwa inyungu zindi batazi. Uretse ko hari na benshi bahisemo kuryumaho birinda kujarajara bahindura amashyaka.
Igikomereye kurushaho RNC ni uko benshi mu bayoboke cyane cyane abo mu bwoko bw’abahutu bagiye bakurikira RNC bakurikiye impinduka zihuse, kutavangura amoko n’ibindi RNC yabizezaga. Benshi bakaba baragiriye icyizere RNC kubera Nyakwigendera Colonel Patrick Karegeya wari uzi kubana, akagira inshuti nyinshi ndetse akaba yari yarafashije abantu benshi bityo akagirirwa icyizere. Urupfu rwa Karegeya uwavuga ko rutangiye kugira ingaruka mbi ntabwo yaba yibeshye.
Irindi shyaka ryagizweho ingaruka ni FDU-Inkingi aho Bwana Nkiko Nsengimana ukuriye urwego rwa FDU ruri i burayi rushinzwe gutera inkunga abari mu Rwanda yashatse kugendera mu murongo wa RNC avuga ko ishyaka FDU ritazitabira iriya nama. Hari n’abakabya bavuga ko nta cyemezo na kimwe afata atabajije Dr Rudasingwa umuhuzabikorwa wa RNC. Ibi bikibutsa benshi itariki ya 6 Mata 2012, ubwo abayobozi bamwe ba FDU banze kwitabira igikorwa cyo kwamagana raporo y’abafaransa yavugaga ko indege ya Perezida Habyalimana abayihanye bari mu kigo cya Kanombe.
Ku bijyanye na Bwana Twagiramungu bivugwa ko aba bagabo bombi bafite ibyo bapfa bituruka mu ishyaka MDR byo mu myaka irenga 20 ishize.
Mu gihe abayoboke benshi ba FDU n’abandi banyarwanda bijujutiraga Bwana Nkiko Nsengimana ndetse bamwe bavuga ko bakiba mu ririya shyaka kubera kwanga guturerana Madame Victoire Ingabire, hahise hasohoka itangazo navuga ko ryahumurije benshi, aho Bwana Boniface Twagirimana yavuze yitandukanije n’abadashaka kujya muri iriya nama anasaba Bwana Yozefu Bukeye na Bwana Michel Niyibizi kwitabira iriya nama ariko bakirinda kugira icyemezo bafata batabajije Kongere y’ishyaka. Amakuru atugeraho avuga ko ngo ibyo byasabwe na Madame Victoire Ingabire ubwe abicishije kuri Bwana Boniface Twagirimana.
Igisigaye ni ukwibaza ibizakurikiraho muri iri shyaka.
Umwanzuro:
Iyi nama ya Bwana Twagiramungu nititonderwa ishobora gusiga yangije byinshi cyangwa ishyize mu buryo byinshi byari bitarasobanuka.
Icyo twasaba abiyemeje gukora politiki ni uko bagerageza gushyira inyungu z’abanyarwanda imbere y’izabo cyangwa iz’amashyaka yabo. Ibibatanye cyangwa ibyo batumva kimwe bikaganirwaho kuko nta na hamwe kw’isi abantu bose bumva ibintu kimwe.
Kuri Bwana Twagiramungu by’umwihariko agomba kumenya ko inshingano yemeye gufata zikomeye cyane ku buryo asabwa koroherana kuko hari benshi bamurwanya cyangwa bazamurwanya, kwitondera ibyo akora no kumva abandi kurushaho, mwibutsa kandi ko ibi byose Leta ya Kigali ibikurikiranira hafi idasinziriye.
Marc Matabaro
The Rwandan
