Igihirahiro gikomeye ku Banyarwanda birukanwe muri Nijeri!

Yanditswe na Erasme Rugemintwaza

Abanyarwanda umunani bavanywe Arusha n’umuryango w’Abibumbye LONI, bakajyanwa muri Nijeri nyuma y’uko bari  bamaze igihe kinini bacumbikiwe, bashakirwa aho kuba, kuko babaye abere cyangwa barangije ibihano byabo ku byaha bashinjwaga bya Jenoside n’ibindi byaha byibasiye inyokomuntu mu Rwanda, ubu bari mu gihirahiro nyuma yo guhabwa iminsi irindwi na Leta ya Nijeri yo kuba bavuye ku butaka bwayo.  Ese ni iki cyihishe inyuma y’iki cyemezo mu gihe aba bantu batari bakamaze n’ukwezi kumwe muri iki gihugu?

Abo Banyarwanda ni bande?

Iteka  rya Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu no Kwegereza Abaturage Ubuyobozi ya Nijeri (Ministère de l’Interieur et de la Décentralisation), rigizwe n’ingingo eshatu gusa, The Rwandan yaboneye kopi, nyuma yo kugaragaza ingingo zinyuranye ryashingiyeho, haba Itegeko Nshinga rya Nijeri n’andi mategeko cyane cyane ku birebana n’uko umunyamahanga aba muri Nijeri, ingingo yaryo ya mbere iravuga ngo:

Abantu bafite amazina akurikira birukanwe burundu ku butaka bwa Nijeri, babujijwe igihe cyose kuhaba kubera impamvu za diporomasi!

Abo ni:

1. Zigiranyirazo Protais, wavukiye ku Gisenyi/Rwanda , kuwa 02/02/1938;
2. Nzuwonemeye François-Xavier, wavukiye i Kigali/Rwanda, kuwa 30/08/1955;
3. Nteziryayo Alphonse, wavukiye i  Butare/Rwanda, kuwa 26/08/1947;
4. Muvunyi Tharcisse, wavukiye i Byumba/Rwanda, kuwa  15/08/1953;
5. Ntagerura André, wavukiye i Karengera/Rwanda, kuwa 02/01/1950;
6. Nsengiyumva Anatole, wavukiye ku Gisenyi/Rwanda, kuwa 04/09/1950;
7. Mugiraneza Prosper, wavukiye i Kibungo/Rwanda, kuwa 02/10/1957;
8. Sagahutu Innocent,wavukiye i Cyangugu/Rwanda, kuwa 30/05/1962.

Aba Banyarwanda bose bakaba babaga Arusha aho bari barajyanwe kugira ngo bakurikiranwe n’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwa Arusha (TPIR/ICTR), ku byaha bakekwagaho bya Jenoside n’ibindi byibasiye inyokomuntu mu Rwanda. Muri aba bantu umunani harimo abagizwe abere ku byaha barezwe n’abarangije ibihano ariko bari baraheze Arusha bagishakisha uburyo basanga imiryango yabo mu bihugu bitandukanye byiganjemo iby’i Burayi n’Amerika cyangwa ibindi bihugu byakwemera kubakira.

Aba bantu bamwe bari mu buyobozi bo hejuru muri Leta ya mbere ya 1994, bamwe babaye ba Minisitiri na ba Perefe, abandi bari abasirikare bafite amapeti yo hejuru.

1. Zigiranyirazo Protais: Ni muramu wa Habyarimana Yuvenali wari Perezida w’u Rwanda. Ni  musaza wa Agatha Kanziga, umugore wa Perezida Habyarimana. Uyu mugabo bahimbaga « Z ». Yabaye Perefe wa Perefegitura ya Ruhengeri mu gihe cy’imyaka irenga 10. Muri 2008 yari yahamijwe ibyaha bya jenoside, nyuma mu bujurire mu 2009 aba umwere. ;
2. Major François-Xavier Nzuwonemeye : Yari umukuru w’umutwe w’ingabo zigenda imbere y’izindi zikora ubutasi (Bataillon de reconnaissance) ;
3. Andre Ntagerura : Yabaye Minisitiri w’Ubwikorezi n’Itumanaho muri Leta ya mbere ya  1994. Yarezwe ibyaha bya jenoside mu rubanza rwitiriwe Cyangugu, ariko aza kugirwa umwere mu bujurire mu mwaka wa 2006 ;
4. Prosper Mugiraneza : Yabaye Minisitiri w’abakozi ba Leta. Yahamijwe ibyaha  bya jenoside n’urukiko rwa Arusha, ariko aza kubihanagurwaho mu bujurire mu mwaka wa 2013;
5. Lt Col Anatole Nsengiyumva: Yari umukuru w’ingabo muri Perefegitura ya Gisenyi.
6. Lt Col Alphonse Nteziryayo: Yahoze ari Perefe wa Butare;
7. Lt Col Tharcisse Muvunyi: yabaye Umukuru w’icyahoze ari ishuri ry’abasirikare b’aba sous-officiers mu Mujyi wa Butare, ryitwaga ESO (Ecole des Sous-Officiers);
8. Capt Innocent Sagahutu: Yari yungirije umukuru w’umutwe w’ingabo zigenda imbere y’izindi zikora ubutasi (Bataillon de reconnaissance).

Aba Banyarwanda bageze Nijeri ryari, gute?

Tariki ya 05-06/12/2021 aba banyarwanda uko ari umunani bose bajyanywe muri Nijeri bakuwe Arusha muri Tanzaniya, hakurikijwe amasezerano yasinywe hagati y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye LONI n’igihugu cya Nijeri. Ibi bikaba byaremejwe na Perezida w’Urwego rwasigariye Urukiko rwa Arusha, Umucamanza Carmel Agius, uvuga ko kwimura abo banyarwanda byakozwe hubahirizwa amasezerano yasinywe mu kwezi kwa 11/2021, hagati ya LONI na Guverinoma ya Nijeri. Aya masezerano akaba ateganya ko Nijeri ibaha ibyangombwa bibaranga nk’abatuye mu gihugu ku buryo buhoraho. Buri muntu muri aba kandi Umuryango w’Abibumbye LONI, ukamuha amafaranga y’inshuro imwe yo kumutunga angana n’amadolari ibihumbi 10 (10.000 USD), ni ukuvuga agera kuri miliyoni icumi mu mafaranga y’u Rwanda. LONI kandi ikabarihira amafaranga y’icumbi mu mwaka wabo wa mbere. Bivuga ko bagombaga kumara umwaka babeshejweho n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye LONI, noneho nyuma y’uwo mwaka, bakajya mu buzima busanzwe bwo kwirwanaho. Muri ayo masezerano ariko hagaragaramo ko Leta ya Nijeri “itohereza cyangwa ngo isubize mu bundi buryo ubwo aribwo bwose abantu barekuwe [bavugwa muri aya masezerano] cyangwa ababaye abere u Rwanda cyangwa iyindi Leta”. Ngayo amasezerano atangiye kwicwa mu gihe hatarashira n’ukwezi kumwe asinywe. Kuko kuva kuwa kane tariki ya 23/12/2021, Ubuyobozi bw’Igihugu cya Nijeri bwatse aba bantu ibyangombwa bari babahaye byo kuba mu gihugu byemewe n’amategeko “Permis de séjour”, bababwira ko ari  “mu rwego rwo kubikosora!”. Kuva icyo guhe kugeza ubu tariki ya 28/12/2021, aba bantu ntibasohoka aho batujwe, ahubwo bagoswe n’abasirikare!

Aba bantu bakaba baratunguwe rero no kubona kuri uyu wa 27/12/2021, Nijeri isohora Iteka rya Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu ryo kubirukana burundu mu gihugu, bahabwa iminsi irindwi yo kuba bavuye mu gihugu, ndetse hatangwa n’amabwiriza ku nzego zirimo Polisi y’Igihugu, zigomba gukurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’iri teka. Ese ni iki cyihishe inyuma y’uko guhinduka nk’igicu kw’igihugu cya nijeri?

U Rwanda rwateye ubwoba LONI na Nijeri!

Impamvu yatanzwe n’igihugu cya Nijeri ni impamvu za diporomasi. Ese izo mpamvu za diporomasi zaba ari izihe? Ese iki cyemezo cyo kwirukana aba Banyarwanda, Nijeri yaba yagifashe yonyine dore ko gihita gisesa amasezerano iki gihugu cyagiranye n’Umuryango w’abibumbye LONI, agasinywa na Bwana Abubacar Tambadou, Umunyamabanga Mukuru Wungirije w’Umuryango w’Abibumbye LONI? Ese Nijeri iramutse yatinyutse gufata iki cyemezo yonyine, nta ngaruka byaza kuyigiraho? Cyangwa byari biteganyijwe mu masezerano? Icyo umuntu yavuga ni uko gusesa amasezerano yasinywe n’impande ebyiri, ubusanzwe habaho kumvikana kw’abasinye.

Mu nkuru yasohotse, tariki 13/12/2021, mu kinyamakuru cya Leta y’u Rwanda cyitwa New Times, ifite umutwe ugira uti “Rwanda seeks clarification over transfer of ex-ICTR detainees to Niger”(U Rwanda rurashaka ibisobanuro ku iyimurwa ry’abahoze ari imfungwa z’Urukiko rwa Arusha muri Nijeri), haragararamo impamvu za diporomasi Nijeri ikomozaho mu guca iteka ryo kwirukana Abanyarwanda.

Muri rusange u Rwanda rubinyujije muri Ambasaderi warwo muri LONI, Madamu Valentine RUGWABIZA, rwasabye ibisobanuro haba LONi ndetse n’Igihugu cya Nijeri, mu nama y’Akanama gashinzwe umutekano ka LONI, yabaye kuwa 13/12/2021. U Rwanda ruvuga ko iryo jyanwa ry’Abanyarwanda muri Nijeri ryakozwe rutabizi, ndetse Madame Valentine RUGWABIZA agasa n’aho arega LONI imikoreshereze mibi y’ingengo y’imari, abaza nkana niba abo bantu bazakomeza gutungwa na LONI. Mu magambo adaciye ku ruhande, Madame RUGWABIZA yagize ati “Tuzishimira ibisobanuro bizatangwa n’Abayobozi b’Urwego rwasigaye rwita ku bibazo by’Urukiko rwa Arusha, mu Nteko Rusange ya Komite, tumenye niba  kwimura, gutuza no gutunga abo bantu badafite icyo barebwaho n’Urwego rwasigariye Urukiko rwa Arusha, byaba biri mu ngengo y’imari y’Urwego”. Akomeza agira ati “Turizera ko Nijeri izakora inshingano zayo kugira ngo hatagira umuntu n’umwe ukoresha ubutaka bwayo mu bikorwa byo guteza imidugararo  byatumye akarere k’Ibiyaga bigari kagira umutekano muke mu myaka mirongo ishize.” Yakomeje avuga ko muri abo Banyarwanda boherejwe muri Nijeri hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko bamwe muri bo bagiye mu bikorwa byo guteza imidurumbanyo nyuma yo kurangizanya ibibazo byabo n’Urukiko rwa Arusha. Muri iyo nkuru y’iki kinyamakuru cya Leta hakaba hagaragaramo icyifuzo cya Leta y’u Rwanda muri iki gikorwa yatangije cyo kuburabuza aba Banyarwanda, ikoresheje kubaharabika na diporomasi ikomeye: U Rwanda rurifuza ko aba banyarwanda bazanwa mu Rwanda.

Ibi byose Madame RUGWABIZA nyamara yabivuze nyuma y’uko Perezida w’Urwego rwasigariyeho Urukiko rwa Arusha, Umucamanza Carmel Agius  agaragarije ko kwimura izo mfungwa z’Abanyarwanda byakozwe hubahirizwa amasezerano yasinywe mu kwezi kwa 11/2021, hagati ya LONI na Guverinoma ya Nijeri.

Ngizo impamvu za Diporomasi Leta ya Nijeri yashingiyeho yirukana hutihuti abo Banyarwanda. Nijeri yatewe ubwoba ko igihe kwakira Abanyabyaba ruharwa kandi batigeze bahinduka, ahubwo bashobora gukoresha ubutaka bwayo mu bikorwa bibi, naho LONI yo inengwa gukomeza gukoresha umutungo nabi ku bantu itagishinzwe. Ariko inyuma y’ibi byagaragajwe mu ruhame, hari amaboko ashobora kuba yarakoreye mu mwijima mu ifatwa ry’iki cyemezo gikomeye hakaba hari abakeka bitugukwaha cyangwa igitutu cya bamwe mu bayobozi b’u Bufaransa bacuditse n’u Rwanda bashyize ku bayobozi ba Nijeri bakeneye inkunga y’igihugu cy’U Bufaransa mu ntambara barwana n’intagondwa zitwaza idini ya Islamu.

Umusozo

Mu gusoza reka tugerageze kureba ingaruka z’iki cyemezo cyo kwirukana aba Banyarwanda. Ingaruka z’iri teka ni nyinshi cyane. Icya mbere na mbere ni uko aba Banyarwanda bari mu gihirahiro gikomeye, imiryango yabo irahangayitse dore ko kuva kera na kare bari barangiwe ko bahuzwa n’imiryango yabo. Bariya Banyarwanda birukanwe, batangiye kubona ko bashobora kuzanwa mu Rwanda, bakabibonamo inzira y’umusaraba kuko batinya byinshi birimo umutekano wabo, ndetse no kuba bakongera kujyanwa mu nkiko, ku byaha bishobora guhimbwa, ariko cyane cyane  agasuzuguro no kuba bakoreshwa ku gahato mu nyungu za Leta ya FPR-Inkotanyi. Ibi bikaba byashimangiwe n’umwe muri bo ubwo yavuganaga na BBC gahuzamiryango kuri uyu wa kabiri tariki ya 28/12/2021. Capitaine Innocent Sagahutu yavuze ko ntaho bafite ho kujya dore ko nta n’ibyangombwa bafite kuko babyambuwe babashuka ko bagiye kugira icyo babikosoraho.  Abajijwe niba bashobora kwemera kujya mu Rwanda biramutse bibaye umwanzuro wa LONI, mu magambo aremereye cyane, Capitaine Innocent Sagahutu yabwiye BBC ko LONI izi neza ko bidashoboka ko bakwemera kujya mu Rwanda  kuko babyanze kuva kera. Yavuze ko Leta ya Kigali ifite ibibazo, byo guhora ikoronga abantu ngo ni abajenosideri, yemwe n’ababaye abere. Ko rero ntabwo bagiye kuba abaja mu gihugu cyabo, ko batiteguye kugenda bubitse umutwe. Yavuze ko cyokora habonetse u Rwanda ruzima bataha naho Leta iriho ifite ikibazo ku buryo ntawayigirira icyizere. Yavuze ko bari mu maboko ya LONI n’ubwo ubu ngubu kubona abakozi bidashoboka kubera ikiruhuko barimo kizarangira tariki ya 10/01/2021; ko ariko bashatse avoka wo kubafasha dore ko badasohoka kandi bagoswe n’abasirikare. Leta ya FPR-Inkotanyi ikaba ishaka gushyira ubwoba n’ipfunwe ku bantu bose bahoze muri Leta zayibanjirije, ndetse n’abariho muri icyo gihe muri rusange, aho bari hose, ibabwira ko batsinzwe ko kandi ntaho bafite ho guhungira, ko amahanga yose ndetse na LONI babakuyemo amaboko.

Avugana n’ijwi ry’Amerika, Madame Léoncie Ntagurura utuye mu Bufaransa, avuga ko yumiwe ko nawe byamurenze, avuga ko abantu babo ntabwo babwiwe iyo bajya. Yakekaga ko hari impamvu za diporomasi nk’uko byanditswe mu cyemezo kibirukana, ariko byamaze kugaragara ko ari u Rwanda rwatumye ibintu bijya i Rudubi nk’uko yabikekaga avuga ko ubwo hari igihugu kitishimiye ko abantu babo baba muri Nijeri. Madame Ntagerura Léoncie yatanze icyifuzo, ati « Icyo twasaba ubu ngubu baracyari mu maboko ya “Nations-Unies”, uko byagenda kose “Nations-Unies” niyo izi ibyo bintu, twasaba ko “Nations-Unies” yongera ikabafata nk’uko yabavanye Arusha ikabajyana Nijeri, ibafate yongere ibasubize Arusha, niba idashoboye kubajyana Arusha hari “Mechanisme”  iriya yari yabasigaranye Arusha, ikorera i La Haye, babafate babajyane i La Haye, noneho abantu bacu bagire amahoro. Ntabwo numva rero  ikindi  gihugu gishobora kubakira icyo aricyo. » 

Iki cyemezo kiragaragaza diporomasi ihambaye ya Leta ya Kigali ituma ishobora gusesa amasezerano LONI yagiranye n’ikindi gihugu kitari u Rwanda. Ibyo Madamu RUGWABIZA yavuze bisa n’iterabwoba kuri LONI agaragaza gucunga nabi umutungo, ndetse n’iharabika ryakozwe kuri bariya Banyarwanda abwira Nijeri yo yikururiye icyishi, bihishe icyifuzo gikomeye cy’uko bariya Banyarwanda bazanwa Rwanda. Biragaragara ko u Rwanda rwifashishije n’izindi nshuti zarwo kugira ngo bumvishe Nijeri ko igomba kwanga bariya Banyarwanda, bityo inzira yo kubohereza mu Rwanda igatangira guharurwa. Muri izi nshuti ntawabura gutekereza ku Bufaransa ku nyungu nyinshi bufite ku Rwanda cyane cyane mu kurinda umutekano w’ibikorwa by’ubucukuzi bwa Gaz by’Abafaransa muri Mozambique.

Abasesengura basanga kuba u Rwanda rwifuza bariya Banyarwanda atari ineza yo kubagarura mu gihugu cyababyaye ahubwo Leta ya Kagame bikekwa ko irashaka kubakoresha mu gushimangira ibyo ivuga byose harimo itegurwa rya Jenoside, bigahamirizwa na bariya bantu dore ko bari Abayobozi bakomeye mu nzego za Leta n’igisirikare, tutaretse ndetse n’ihanurwa ry’indenge ya Habyarimana Juvenali yabaye imbarutso ya Jenoside. Ibi bintu byombi, bikaba ari byo Leta ya FPR-Inkotanyi ishyira imbere. Kubona rero umuntu uvuga ibyo ivuga ni ugushimangira ubutegetsi bwayo ariko cyane cyane ni ugukomeza guha Paul Kagame umwidegembyo n’ubuhangange mu maso y’abanyarwanda n’abanyamahanga cyane cyane abamunenga.

Uko biri kose iki cyemezo ni icyemezo gikomeye cyane kandi gifite ingaruka nyinshi cyane. Ni icyemezo u Rwanda rwagizemo diporomasi ihambaye kuko rugifitemo inyungu nyinshi zo gushimangira ubutegetsi bwa FPR-Inkotanyi na Kagame; ariko na none ni icyemezo  cyakagombye gusaba umuryango mpuzamahanga kwibaza byinshi ku burenganzira bwa muntu dore hashize imyaka isaga 75 butangajwe. Ese koko LONI izareka bariya bantu bajyanwe mu Rwanda? Reka tubitege amaso.