Murambabarira natinze nkana kuko twari duhugiye mu makuru y’umupaka batubwiye ko wafunguwe n’ubwo abawugezeho bagarutse batambutse.Ayo makuru yari mashya cyane kandi akenewe nanga guhita nyavangira nzana amateka. Reka twigarukire mu cyaro iwacu mbere ya 1994 dore ko wa mugani na kera kose twariho n’ubu tukaba tukiriho. Na byo tujye tubivuga, ubuzima bwacu ni burebure kuruta uko tubuvuga, twiyibutse uko umunyeshuri wa kaminuza yabaga abayeho iwabo mu cyaro.
Ubwo rero nkaba mbuze aho mbihera kuko Kaminuza zuzuye mu gihugu ubu ntizahozeho. Kera uwabaga yiga muri kaminuza baravugaga ngo yarongeje, yariyongeje. Ukumva abantu mu kabari bavuga ngo mwene kanaka yarongeje, bivuze ko yarangije amashuri yisumbuye agakomeza.
Gusa rero muri kiriya gihe cya za 1980, kaminuza yari izwi cyane yari imwe, yabaga i Butare nyuma iza kugira ishami i Nyakinama n’i Mburabuturo. Gusa rero habagaho n’iseminari nkuru yigwagamo n’abashaka kuba abapadiri iyo ikaba mu Nyakibanda. Hakaba n’ishuri rikuru rya gisirikari, ESM ryigagamo abasirikari bakuru. I Kigali ariko habagaho n’irindi shuri ry’umuryango bitaga OCAM wahuzaga ibihugu byo muri Africa yo hagati, rikaba hariya i Remera hafi y’ahahoze KIE. Abo banyeshuri mpuzamahanga babagamo n’abanyarwanda bake bakaba abakire cyane kuko habagamo abaturutse mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurica bivuga igifaransa kandi bagahembwa na OCAM, twabyitaga guhembwa. Bati bariya bariyongeje biga bahembwa. I Mburabuturo ho bigaga amategeko, bikavugwa na none mu mpuha ko ngo bashyize kaminuza y’amategeko i Kigali ngo abagore b’abategetsi bazabone uko bayiga bitabagoye.
Twivugiye rero ibya kaminuza muri rusange, abaturage basanzwe ntibabaga bazi uko umuntu ajyamo. Urebye n’uyigamo basaga n’abamuryanira inzara bamunnyega ko atarangije ayisumbuye ngo aze gukora akazi, ariko bakongeraho ko na we yiga ahembwa.
Iwacu mu cyaro rero abanyeshuri ba kaminuza bahabaga bari bake cyane, imiryango ibafite ikabafata nk’abami, bagasangira n’abantu bakuru mu bukwe, bagahabwa imyanya myiza mu gisharagati mu bukwe yenda batanatwerereye. Bari bake, ariko rwose babaga ari abantu bari mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Abo mu iseminari nkuru bo babaga ari abantu batuje kandi bubashywe na buri muntu n’ubwo yaba umuporoso yewe n’umudiventisti. Babaga bazwi n’abakristu bose mu gihe aba kaminuza babaga bazwi ku misozi yabo gusa. Abo muri ESM na bo narabamenye kuko muri segiteri yacu habaye babiri baje no kugera ku magarade ya major na Colonel. Aba imiryango yabo yarubahwaga cyane, abavandimwe babo bagasengererwa mu kabari kose baciyeho. Umwe ndetse yari yarahaye Nyina umubyara iyi ngofero ya gisirikari y’umukara akajya ayinigiriza yajyiye mu birori akaba azwi nk’umubyeyi wa Liyatona. Bakuru be baramwirahiraga, bakanamurisha ku buryo yagezeho abwira abantu ati bakuru banjye ntibakanyitwaze ngo babakange ntabyo mba nabatumye. Bakuru be bakomeje kumwita Liyatona (lieutenant) kuva yakwinjira ESM kugeza ubwo abaye Major batazi ko yanazamutse mu ntera.
Ku mashuri rero twese twigaga mu yisumbuye twifuza kuzajya muri Kaminuza cyane cyane nyuma y’aho inashyize ishami i Nyakinama. Yemwe aho abigayo bakaza kudusura ku ishuri bambaye neza tukabasaba kudusengerera twitwaje ko ngo biga bahembwa…bari abantu bakomeye rwose.
Igitangaje ariko, mu gihe umunyamashuri ( uwiga mu yisumbuye) wabonaga yishyira hejuru, abo muri Kaminuza bo bicishaga bugufi ugasanga ahubwo baratwa n’imiryango yabo n’ababazi. Mu gihe uwo mu yisumbuye yagenderaga mu birere, ababyeyi be bamwishyuriraga biyushye icyuya bo wasangaga ahubwo bahorana inkeke kubera ubukene bibatera. Uwa Kaminuza we ntiyirataga na mba, wasangaga harimo abari mu muvure w’ibitoki bafatanya n’ababyeyi babo kwenga. Bajyaga gutemera urutoki no gututira urubingo rwo kubaka nk’abantu basanzwe m gihe abanyamashuri bamwe (abo mu yisumbuye) babaga bifatiye mu mifuko y’amapantalo !
Naje kwibaza rero impamvu abigaga kaminuza bari bake cyane, nza guhura n’umuntu wayizemo muri za 1982 ansobanurira ko ngo leta yemereraga muri kaminuza umubare w’abanyeshuri izabasha guha akazi. Yanansobanuriye ko yiga i Butare hari hari n’ibyumba byo kuraramo bifunze kuko abanyeshuri bakiriwe ari bake. Kandi koko bisa n’ibyumvikana kuko ibigo hafi ya byose byatangaga akazi byari ibya leta.
Muri 1985 ariko habaye kudohora, abantu babishoboye bakaba bakwiga biyishyurira kaminuza, amafaranga y’ishyuri yari ibihumbi mirongo itanu n’icyenda y’amanyarwanda (59.000), hafi amadolari y’amanya America 590 y’icyo gihe. Ikindi cyabaye gishyashya, haje na kaminuza zigenga, iy’abadiventisti ba Mudende yari muri Komini Mutura hariya za Busasamana mu Cyahoze ari Gisenyi, ikigisha iyobokamana na Psychologie, hakaba n’indi ya Kajeguhakwa na Rwabukumba yari i Gisenyi bitaga St Fidèle yigaga ikoranabuhanga, Informatique. Iyi Saint Fidèle bivugwa ko yahendaga cyane, icyakora ngo Kajeguhakwa hari abana yishyuriragamo batabashije kubona umwanya muri kaminuza kandi ari abahanga, akenshi ngo byabaga bitewe n’uko ari abatutsi.
Igihe kinini na none nta wakwirengagiza ko iringaniza muri Kaminuza ryari ikintu kimenyerewe. Gusa kubona inkunga yo kwiga hanze y’u Rwanda cyane cyane i Burayi byari iby’abigerera i Bukuru . Abo babavugaga mu iradiyo ngo basabwe kwihutira kugera kuri Ministère y’amashuri makuru n’ubushakashatsi kubera bourse basabye. Aho wahageraga ari uwagusabiye.
Habaga n’abemererwa kujya kwiga muri Afurika nko muri Togo na Zaire cyane cyane i Kinshasa, Sénégal ndetse na Cameroun. Abo bose bigaga hanze y’u Rwanda babashaga gusagura amafaranga yo kubakira iwabo inzu. Kandi iyo bavagayo, dore ko abenshi babaga ari abasore, bashoboraga kurambagiza umukobwa bashaka bitabagoye na gato dore ko bahitaga banabona akazi keza.
Habagaho na none ariko abiga ku nkunga zinyuranye, habagaho abiga bishyurirwa na CEPGL, abenshi bigaga i Kinshasa na Bujumbura muri Polytechnique, abandi bakishyurirwa n’ikigega cy’i Burayi FED, abo bagakunda kwiga za Burayi, ariko urebye amashuri menshi yabonekaga mu Burusiya no mu Bushinwa. Icyarangaga abigaga mu Burusiya na none ni uko bagarukaga bambaye neza, amakote n’amapatalo ateye ipasi iriho umukunjo utema isazi. Ikibazo cyabo, nta gifaransa babaga bazi kuko babaga baracyibagiwe.
Hari na none ikintu cyananiye kucyumva kugeza ubu. Muri biriya bihe abantu bajyaga kwiga mu Bubiligi, Pologne, Allemagne de l’Est, URSS, Bulgaria, Autriche.. bakiga mu ndimi zaho kandi bagatsinda. Hari abanyarwanda bigaga mu gifalama bakakimenya mu mezi atandatu gusa. Ubu indimi abantu baraziga bakanazigamo mu Rwanda ariko bakagumya kuzandika nabi.
Biragoye kuvuga byinshi kandi bitarimo amakosa kuri aba bantu bigaga kaminuza kuko namenye bake, ariko abo nabonye bose wabonaga barusha abiga ayisumbuye kubana neza n’abaturage no kwiyoroshya
Jean Claude NKUBITO
31 Mutarama 2022
