Ni iki gitumye Paul Kagame arambye ku ngoma?

(Igice cya mbere)

Yanditswe na Arnold Gakuba

Intangiriro

Basomyi bakunzi ba The Rwandan, hari ibibazo byinshi benshi bibaza kuri Paul Kagame, perezida w’u Rwanda kuva mu mwaka wa 2000 (mu buryo butaziguye) ubwo perezida Bizimungu Pasteur yananizwaga maze akegura akamurekere ubutegetsi ku mugaragaro no kuva mu mwaka wa 1994 (mu buryo buziguye) kuko aribwo yatangiye kuyobora u Rwanda, Bizimungu Pasteur ari agakingirizo. Ibyo bibazo akenshi biterwa n’imiyoborere, imiterere n’imikorere y’uyu mugabo yaba ituma, n’ubwo akora nabi bwose, bamwe cyangwa benshi basa nk’aho batabibona, maze akaba amaze imyaka igera kuri 27 ayobora u Rwanda, akaba yarihaye manda y’imyaka 7 ngo y’igihembo cy’uko yayoboye u Rwanda neza, akabeshya ko ari abanyarwanda babikoze, ndetse akaba yarihaye n’izindi manda 2 z’imyaka 5 ibyo byose bikazamugeza muri 2034 aho azaba afite imyaka 77 y’amavuko, benshi bemeza ko naba akiriho azanakomeza kuyobora. The Rwandan yiyemeje kubakorera ubusesenguzi bwimbitse kuri zimwe mu mpamvu zituma Paul Kagame arambye ku butegetsi, n’ubwo bwose ayobora nabi kandi atishimiwe na benshi (niba atari bose). Muri iki gice cya mbere, turasesengura impamvu eshatu arizo kwigwizaho, ubwoba no gukoresha iterabwoba.

1. Kwigwizaho ubuyobozi, ububasha  n’imitungo

Kimwe mu byaranze Paul Kagame kuva akiva mu gihugu cya Uganda muri 1990 agatangiza urugamba rwo kurwanya ubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana wayoboraga icyo gihe u Rwanda ni “ukwigwizaho“. Ibyo kandi ngo byamuranze kuva na mbere y’aho mu mirimo yakoze muri Uganda itandukanye yiganjemo iy’ubutasi.  Kuva Museveni yafata igihugu cya Uganda muri 1986, yahise azamura mu ntera Paul Kagame amugira umusirikare mukuru ahita anamugira umuyobozi w’ubutasi mu bya gisirikare “head of military intelligence” (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Kagame). Muri uwo murimo yakoze kugera ashoye urugamba rwo guhirika ubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana ngo yaba yararanzwe no kwigwizaho ubuyobozi n’ububasha (centralization of power). Ibyo akaba aribyo yakomeje mu Rwanda kuva muri 1994 kugeza ubu..

a) Kwigwizaho ubuyobozi

Twifashishije ikiganiro Dr. David Himbara wabaye umujyana wa Paul Kagame yagiranye na  Mulindahabi Jean cyasohotse kuri YouTube ku itariki ya 2 Gicurasi 2021, uyu muhanga mu by’ubukungu w’inararibonye yagaragaje ko ubuyobozi, ubushobozi n’ububasha bwose mu Rwanda bifitwe na Paul Kagame gusa. Ububasha bwose ni ubwa Paul Kagame uhereye ku bubasha-nshingamategeko (legeslative power), nyubahiriza-tegeko (executive power) n’ubucamanza (judiciary power). 

Dr. David Himbara yatangaje ko akantu kose kaba mu gihugu ngo Paul Kagame aba agomba kukamenya nk’umutasi w’umwuga kandi wabikoze igihe kirekire. Ibyo yabigezeho mu Rwanda ashyiraho urwego rw’ubutasi rutuma umwana aneka umubyeyi, umubyeyi akaneka umwana, umugabo akaneka umugore, umugore akaneka umugabo bityo bityo. Paul Kagame rero nta muyobozi numwe aha ububasha bwo gufata icyemezo yaba umuminisitiri, guverineri, umusirikare; byose arabyikorera nk’uko David Himbara wabanye nawe abitangaza.  Kuba ububasha bwose buri mu biganza bya Paul Kagame, bituma nta wamunyura mu rihumye ngo abe yahirahira gukora icyamukura ku ngoma none imyaka 27 irashize kandi n’indi iracyaza Paul Kagame ari byose.

b) Kwigwizaho imitungo

Si ukwigwizaho ububasha gusa, Paul Kagame yigwijeho n’umutungo. Paul Kagame niwe ufata ibyemezo byose birebana n’imikoreshereze y’umutungo w’u Rwanda. Ibigo byose byinjiza akayabo birimo Ikigo cy’ubwiteganyirize bw’abakozi (caisse sociale), Ikigo cy’ubwishingizi bw’ubuvuzi (Mutuelle de santé), Banki Nkuru y’igihugu na banki zitandukanye z’ubucuruzi, inganda ndetse n’ibindi byose bicungwa na, nako ni ibya Paul Kagame. Ikindi gitangaje ni uko amasoko yose y’igihugu ahabwa kompanyi za Paul Kagame. 

Ibyo byose byatumye Paul Kagame igira umutungo utabarika (ikirenga) wo gukoresha mu bishoboka byose kugirango agume ku butegetsi kuko ushatse kumurwanya cyangwa uwo batavuga rumwe wese yashyiramo amafaranga yasabwa ayo ariyo yose maze akamwikiza maze agasugira agasagamba. Ikindi ni uko kwiharira ububasha ku mutungo (absolute control of economic power) bimuha ububasha buhanitse kuri buri wese kuko igihugu cyabaye nka sosiyete ye y’ubucuruzi (commercial entreprise). Uyibonyemo akazi akaba ahembwa “intica ntikize”, agategekwa kutagira ahandi akura amafaranga, (reba Ingingo ya 9 y’Itegeko N°54/2018 ryo ku wa 13/08/2018 ryo Kurwanya ruswa) kugirango ahore mu bukene maze yemere kuba umucakara wa Paul Kagame. Ubu ni uburyo Paul Kagame yashyizeho bwo gucunga umutungo wa buri munyarwanda wese ngo hatavaho hagira undi wagira ubutunzi utari Paul Kagame. Ibyo bituma buri wese uhawe akazi muri sosiyete ya Paul Kagame yigengesera ngo atavaho abura umugati (n’ubwo benshi bibarangirana nabi ahubwo babuze n’ubuzima bwabo). Yewe n’abikorera ku giti cyabo nabo akenshi birangira imitungo yabo ayigaruriye.

Ububasha busesuye ku mutungo bituma uwo Paul Kagame adashaka wese cyangwa uwo akeka ko amurwanya, aho yaba ari hose, amafaranga byatwara byose, Paul Kagame ayatanga, kuko ayafite ariko icyo ashaka kumukorera kikagerwaho. Urugero ruri hafi ni urwa Paul Rusesabagina wakodesherejwe indege yihariye ariko umugambi wo kumushimuta muri Kanama 2020 akajyanwa mu Rwanda ukagerwaho. Kwigwizaho umutungo, akoresha mu nyungu ze bwite, byahaye Paul Kagame imbaraga (economic power) zo kugera kucyo ashaka maze bimuha kuramba ku butegetsi bw’u Rwanda na magingo aya.

2. Kubiba ubwoba hose no muri bose

Ubwoba, guhahamura, gutukana, gususugura ni zimwe mu ntwaro zikomeye za Paul Kagame. Umuntu yakwibaza impamvu yabyo. Abize imiterere n’imitekerereza ya muntu bemeza ko umuntu ukorera ku bwoba ataba yigenga kandi ahora ahangayitse kuko aba atazi uko ejo hazaba hameze. Paul Kagame yakoresheje kubiba ubwoba bukabije mu banyarwanda baba abaturage ndetse n’abayobozi bo mu nzego zose iza gisivili ndetse n’iza gisirikare maze abusakaza muri bose, baba abari mu gihugu imbere cyangwa se abari hanze y’u Rwanda; kugera n’aho abantu basigaye bikangana ngo “dore Paul Kagame“. Bishatse kuvuga iki? Paul Kagame afatwa nk’umuntu udasanzwe (cyangwa ikigirwamana), utinyutse,  utavugwaho. Uko gutinywa rero bituruka ku bibi akorera abanyarwanda, kuko burya ntawe uterwa ubwoba n’ikintu cyiza ahubwo ni ikibi.

Mu gutera ubwoba abanyarwanda, Paul Kagame abikorana ubugome ndengakamere bugera no kwambura ubuzima umuntu wese uhirahiriye, agashirika ubwoba,  akavuga ku makosa ya Paul Kagame. Utamutinya wese akamubwiza ukuri ntatinda gupanga kumwikiza aho yaba ari hose. Uko niko byagenze kuri Patrick Karegeya muri Afrika y’Epfo muri 2013, Seth Sendashonga i Nairobi muri Kenya muri 1998, Kizito Mihigo mu Rwanda muri   2020 ndetse n’abandi benshi tutarondora muri iyi nkuru. Ibyo bituma buri munyarwanda wese, aho yaba ari hose ashya ubwoba. Abanyarwanda bayoborwa kandi babayeho mu bwoba bwinshi cyane kubera umuntu umwe gusa “Paul Kagame” aho iyo avuze, ku giti cye cyangwa abinyujije mu bakozi be nabo bakoreshwa n’ubwoba, icyo avuze cyose gihita cyubahirizwa kabone n’aho yaba ari kugambana, gushinja ibinyoma cyangwa kwica. Birababaje kandi biteye agahinda!

3. Gukoresha no gushyigikira iterabwoba

Gukoresha no gushyigikira iterabwoba ni indi ntwaro ikomeye ikoreshwa na Paul Kagame. Nk’uko twabibonye mu gika giheruka, Paul Kagame yaranzwe kandi arangwa no gukoresha iterabwoba. Yabikoze neza aho ubu yashyizeho inzego z’umutekano mu gihugu zidateganywa n’amategeko zishinzwe guhungeta abaturage no kubahatira gukora ibitabafitiye inyungu kugirango barengere inyungu za Paul Kagame. Abo harimo Abadaso, inkeragutabara, n’abandi. Ikibabaje kandi giteye n’agahinda ni uko n’inzego z’umutekano, igipolisi n’igisirikare, zakagombye gucunga umutekano w’abaturage nazo zikoresha iterabwoba rya Paul Kagame ku baturage. 

Usibye rero gukoresha iterabwoba mu gihugu imbere, Paul Kagame bivugwa ko akorana n’imitwe y’iterabwoba n’ibyihebe. Paul Kagame ngo yaba afitanye umubano uhambaye na Emir wa Qatar ukunze gushyirwa mu majwi ku bijyanye no gufasha iterabwoba (abatalibani, Hamas n’abandi). Ikindi ni uko Paul Kagame yaba yakira abakekwaho iterabwoba birukanwa n’ibindi bihugu (nka Amerika n’ibindi). Hakaba hakekwa ko yaba afite gahunda yo kuzabakoresha mu minsi iri imbere mu kwikiza abo adashaka cyangwa mu guteza intugunda mu bindi bihugu ahereye ku by’abaturanyi. Aha ntidushatse kurondora imitwe yitwara gisirikare yateye kandi agitera inkunga ikorera muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo nka Mai Mai, M23 n’iyindi. 

Paul Kagame rero akaba akoresha iterabwoba nk’igikoresho gikomeye cyo kugumisha ku butegetsi akorera mu Rwanda no ku banyarwanda ndetse ataretse n’amahanga ahereye ku bihugu bihana imbibi n’u Rwanda.

Umwanzuro

Bakundwa, basomyi ba The Rwandan,  tubahishiye byinshi mutari muzi ku mpamvu Paul Kagame arambye ku butegetsi, uretse ibyo yirirwa abeshya abanyarwanda n’amahanga. Urutonde ni rurerure. Iyi nkuru yabagejejeho impamvu eshatu “kwigwizaho, ubwoba no gukoresha iterabwoba“. Ikigaragara rero ni uko kuba Paul Kagame ayoboye u Rwanda nabi igihe kingana gitya si uko ayobora neza; si uko akunzwe; si uko akora ibyiza; si uko akoresha ukuri; si uko abanye neza n’abanyarwanda cyangwa amahanga; si uko akunda abaturage; si uko yubahiriza amategeko; kandi si n’uko afite inshuti nyinshi.

Biracyaza.