Umuturage uwo ari wese [yaba azi gusoma cyangwa atabizi], yaba ikigo cy’ubucuruzi cyangwa igikora ibindi; bemerewe kuguriza Leta amafaranga ava ku bihumbi 100 (Rwf 100,000) ukazayasubizwa nyuma y’imyaka 3 ariko buri nyuma y’amezi 6 Leta ikajya iguha inyungu kw’ijana z’ayo wayigurije.
Minisitiri w’Imari n’Igenamigambi Ambasaderi Gatete yabitangaje mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru aho yababwiye ko ibyo bidasobanura ko Leta ifite ikibazo cy’ubukene bw’amafaranga nkuko babibazaga ahubwo ko ari bumwe mu buryo iba yarateganyije kuzakuramo amafaranga agize ingengo y’imari. Ati “oya, nta kibazo cy’amafaranga cyangwa amadeni Leta ifite ahubwo ni uguha Abanyarwanda amahirwe yo gushora imari muri Leta ku nyungu ishimishije.”
Minisitiri Gatete yatangaje ko Leta yatangiye urugendo rwo gushakisha abantu bayiguriza amafaranga angana na miliyari 12 na miliyoni 500 izishyura mu gihe cy’imyaka 3 iri imbere. Yavuze ko ibi bikozwe mu rwego rwo gukomeza isoko ry’imari n’imigabane hamwe no kurangiza imishinga y’ibikorwa remezo no gufasha Abanyarwanda kwizigamira ari nako bungukirwa na Leta.
Leta nimara kubona aya mafaranga angana na miliyari 12 na miliyoni 500 izayakoresha mu bikorwa remezo birimo imihanda, amashanyarazi n’ibindi. Ingengo y’imari ya 2013/14 iteganya ko amafaranga angana na miliyari 802.7 bingana na 48.5% by’ingengo y’imari yose zizakoreshwa mu mishinga y’iterambere mu gihe angana na miliyari 735.9 bingana na 44.5% azakoreshwa mu ngengo y’imari isanzwe.
Muri rusange iki gikorwa kizwi ku izina ryo gucuruza no kugura impapuro z’agaciro (treasury bonds) hagati ya Leta n’abashoramari ariko ubu akaba ari hagati ya Leta n’umuturage cyangwa ikigo runaka. Minisitiri Gatete ashishikariza Abanyarwanda n’ibigo by’Abanyarwanda kwitabira gushora imari yabo muri iki gikorwa kuko imiryango ifunguye ku baturage n’ibigo byose bibarizwa mu karere k’uburasirazuba bw’Afurika (EAC).
Abazaguriza Leta bazungukirwa ku nyungu izamenyekana nyuma yo kubona ubusabe bw’abashaka kugura izo mpapuro ariko Minisitiri Gatete yavuze ko umusoro ku nyungu wakuwe kuri 15% ukagezwa kuri 5% ku bantu n’ibigo bazayiguriza mu gihe kigera ku myaka 3.
Minisitiri Gatete avuga ko ubu buryo itangije uyu munsi atari bushya kuko isanzwe ibukoresha ariko igishya kirimo ari uko Leta yahaye amahirwe umuntu wese yo kwizigamira kuko nubwo hari amabanki akora ako kazi; mu Rwanda hakiri abantu babika amafaranga yabo ahantu hatari muri banki cyangwa se bakaba bayagura nk’umurima, inzu n’ibindi kuko baba babona inyungu ya vuba nyamara ibyo bishobora guhomba nk’uko bishobora no kunguka.
Indi nyungu iri muri iki gikorwa ni uko uwagurije Leta aramutse ashatse gusubizwa amafaranga ye mbere y’uko imyaka 3 ishize, azacuruza impapuro ze z’agaciro ku isoko ry’imari n’imigabane. Minisitiri Gatete ati “aha nabwo uzunguka kuko uzaba umeze nk’uri kudandaza ibyo waranguye kuko udandaza agurisha ku giciro kiri hejuru y’icyo yaranguyeho.”
Hagati ya 2008 na 2011 ubwo Leta yashyiraga hanze izi mpapuro z’agaciro ikeneye miliyari 31 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, abifuje kuzigura bageze ku kigero cya 197% bituma inyungu zabo zibarirwa ku kigero kiri hagati ya 8% kugeza kuri 11.5%. kuri izi miliyari 31, Leta ikaba isigaje kwishyura angana na miliyari 8 na miliyoni 500.
Nanone muri 2013, u Rwanda rwashyize ku isoko mpuzamahanga rya London izi mpapuro z’agaciro aho zahakuye akayabo ka miliyoni 400 z’amadolari, ruzishyura ku nyungu ya 6.875% mu gihe cy’imyaka 10.
Uko iki gikorwa kizakorwa
Gucuruza no kugura izi mpapuro bizakorerwa ku isoko ry’imari (RSE) n’imigabane rikorera mu Mujyi wa Kigali ariko amasezerano abe hagati y’ugurisha [Leta izaba ihagarariwe na Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu (BNR)] hamwe n’ugura [umuturage cyangwa ikigo].
Kuko isoko ry’imari n’imigabane ritarakwirakwira mu gihugu cyose, abarebwa n’iki gikorwa bazamara icyumweru [cyose uhereye uyu munsi] bazenguruka mu gihugu cyose no hanze y’u Rwanda mu karere [ari nako bakoresha ibitangazamakuru bitandukanye] kugira ngo basobanurire buri wese iby’iryo soko.
Ugura azafungurirwa konti muri BNR izaba igenewe gusa kubikaho izo mpapuro z’agaciro zihwanye n’umubare w’amafaranga uhaye Leta kugira ngo uhabwe izo mpapuro. Iyo konti izaba iri muri BNR na niyo izifashishwa mu gihe uramutse ushatse kugurisha impapuro zawe mbere y’amasezerano y’imyaka 3 uzaba wagiranye na Leta.
Ku isoko ry’imari n’imigane ry’u Rwanda (RSE) hasanzweho imigabane y’ibigo by’uburuzi bya BRALIRWA, BK, NMG n’ibindi bigurisha imigabane yabyo n’ubishaka wese kandi nyuma ya buri mwaka abaguzemo imigabane bose bagabana inyungu ikigo cyinjije hashingiwe ku mubare wa buri munyamigabane.
Minisitiri Gatete avuga ko ubu buryo buzanywe na Leta bwo butazamo kugabana inyungu kuko Leta itazaba yacuruje ahubwo amafaranga izahabwa izayashora mu bikorwa by’iterambere ndetse nyuma y’imyaka 3 igusubize ayo wayihaye yose kandi buri mezi 6 yari isanzwe inaguha inyungu kw’ijana ry’ayo wayihaye.
Guverineri wungirije wa BNR, Monique Nzanzabaganwa avuga ko nibamara kubona umubare w’abifuje kugura, hamwe n’inyungu bifuza kungukirwaho; aribwo BNR iziga uburyo izo mpapuro z’agaciro zigomba gusaranganywa mu babyifuje bose ikanashyiraho ingano y’inyungu ya buri mwaka.
Kuko imiryango ifunguye ku batuye Akarere kose ka EAC, Minisitiri Gatete arashishikariza abanyagihugu kuba aba mbere mu kugura izi mpapuro. Aha akaba yavugaga Umunyarwanda ku giti cye, amabanki y’imbere mu gihugu, Imirenge Sacco hamwe n’ibigo by’imari, amakoperative, ibigo by’ubwishingizi, iby’itangazamakuru n’ibindi.
Ingengo y’imari y’uyu mwaka wa 2013/14 ihwanye na miliyari 1,653.3 z’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda azaturuka mu misoro n’amahoro, inguzanyo Leta isaba ahantu hatandukanye hamwe n’inkunga n’impano zishobora gutangwa n’abagiraneza; amafaranga azinjira ava imbere mu gihugu angana na miliyari 994.9 bihwanye na 60.2% naho azinjira aturuka mu mahanga angana na miliyari 658.6 bihwanye na 39.8%.
Source: Izuba rirashe
