Yanditswe na Albert Mushabizi
Kuva mu binyecumi bihera ikinyejana giherutse cya 20 kugeza magingo aya, ubukoloni bushya (New Colonialism) bwahinduye isura, ibihugu by’Afrika mu mwambaro w’intumwa za ba Mpatsibihugu bisigaye bikolonije bigenzi byabyo! Umuntu atarinze kujya na kure yahera no ku biboneka hano mu Akarere k’Ibiyaga bigari! Kuva ku myitwarire y’u Rwanda na Uganda mu ntambara zose zayogoje RDC kugeza magingo aya. Ugaca ku myitwarire ya Uganda muri Sudani y’Amajyepfo kuva yaba Repubulika, n’akaduruvayo gahorayo mu butegetsi bucungiwe umutekano na Uganda; mu gihe inyeshyamba zihora ziryamiye amajanja. Ukagera ku mushinga w’u Rwanda ku Burundi, umuntu atabura kugereranya n’inda yavuyemo. Ntiwareka kandi, n’amakimbirane adasiba hagati ya Uganda n’u Rwanda, bihora bishinjanya ko buri kimwe gishaka guhirika ubutegetsi bw’ikindi, ngo gishyireho ubutegetsi giha amabwiriza….
Ku nyangingo ya mbere hari amateka ya vuba y’induruburi, muri ibyo bihugu uko ari bitatu, Sudani y’Amajyepfo, RDC n’u Burundi, n’uruhare rwa Uganda n’u Rwanda ku bireba RDC, uruhare rwa Uganda ku bireba Sudani y’Amajyepfo, ndetse n’uruhare rw’u Rwanda kubireba u Burundi… Ku nyangingo ya kabiri ukaba wakongeraho imiterere y’amakimbirane hagati y’ibihugu by’u Rwanda na Uganda, bishinjanya ibisa neza neza n’imigambi bifite, cyangwa se bihora bishyugumbwa kugira muri bya bihugu bitatu twavuze.
Izi nyangingo zombi zikaba zatanga ishusho y’ubukoloni bushya bwo mu minsi ya none; ishingiye ku butegetsi bw’ibihugu bufata amabwiriza mu bihugu bibukolonije. Ibi bigakorwa mu nyungu za ba Mpatsibihugu baba baratekereje, bakanashora ubushobozi bwabo, ngo iyo mibanire iteye gutyo mu bihugu bivandimwe bya Afrika mu Karere ishoboke! Ibi si ukuryoshya inkuru, kubera ko Laurent Desire KABILA yirukanye u Rwanda nk’umukoloni ku mugaragaro kuwa 27 Nyakanga 1998; naho u Burundi burwana inkundura ngo burokoke ubukoloni bw’u Rwanda bwakomangaga ku muryango, guhera kuri kudeta yo muw’2015, kugeza ibintu bigiye mu buryo mu minsi ya vuba aha, aho igihugu gitangiye no gukurirwaho ibihano cyari cyarafatiwe na ba Mpatsibihugu, ku kagambane n’u Rwanda! Ubwo bukoloni buri gufata indi sura yo kwambuka amahugu y’iyo gihera kandi; nk’uko u Rwanda rukataje iyo za Mozambike na Repubulika ya Centre Afrika!
Igishoro cy’ubu bukoloni bushya, ni ukubiba akaduruvayo n’intambara mu bihugu bigambiriwe. Ubutegetsi bw’ibi bihugu bukabona agahenge k’amanegeka, bukesha ikindi gihugu; cya gihugu gikolonije kigatangira guha amabwiriza ubutegetsi buri mu manegeka! Aya mabwiriza akaba mu nyungu z’agatsiko gato k’abayobozi, biganjemo abasirikari bakuru bafite amakuru ku mukino, mu gihugu gitanga amabwiriza. Ibi byose bigasohoreza mu nyungu z’imibare y’ubukungu muri politiki z’Akarere (geopolitics), z’ibihugu by’ibihangange biri inyuma y’umukino. Ibi bihugu nibyo biba bizoherezwamo umutungo kamere wasahuwe, n’izindi nyungu z’ubukungu zitabarika. Tutaretse no kugira igihagararo mu karere, mu icengezamatwara, icengezamuco no kwagura amasoko y’ibikorerwa muri ibyo bihugu biteye imbere!
Uganda isubiye Kongo ku mugaragaro aho yari yarirukanwe n’u Rwanda muw’2003: ni inkware y’inyabugingo itora mu itongo ry’uwayihigaga!?
Imikino ya politiki y’Akarere ikinirwa mu gihugu cya Kongo, twigeze kuyandikaho hano ku Urubuga rwa TheRwandan.com, ko ari agatereranzamba. Intambara yahanganishije u Rwanda na Uganda i Kisangani muri RDC yo kuva kuwa 5 kugeza kuwa 10 Kamena 2000; nicyo gikorwa cyagaragaye hanze, gitangiza intambara y’ubutita hagati y’ibyo bihugu byombi. Nyamara intambara ya Kisangani yiswe “iy’iminsi tandatu”, yaje ikurikira ukurasana kwari kwabimbuye inshuro runaka zirenze imwe! Iyi ntambara y’ubutita ikaba ifite isoko mu gapingane k’ibihugu byombi, ku kigomba gukina ubukomisiyoneri bw’umutungo kamere wa RDC.
Nk’uko tubisoma muri raporo yiswe “Greed and Guns“, tugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda bikaba bisobanuye nka “Umururumba n’imbunda”; Uganda ifite amateka maremare y’uruhare mu makuba yagwiririye Intara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Ituri! Mu bikorwa bibi yagiye ihakora, harimo guteranya amoko ahatuye, kurema indwanyi kabuhariwe mu kumena amaraso, kurema imitwe y’abasahuzi b’umutungo bitwaje intwaro, gutera inkunga zirimo intwaro, amahugurwa imitwe imwe n’imwe yagiye ikora amarorerwa atabarika! Ibi kandi UPDF ikaba yarabikoraga mu gihe yari iri ku butaka, ndetse ikomeza gukorana n’imitwe yari yarashinze, kandi yo itakibarizwa ku butaka bwa Kongo! Ibyo birego nk’ibyo byasohotse muri za raporo nyinshi harimo n’iyi raporo ya “Human Rights Watch”! Igisigaye ni ukwibaza niba UPDF yambutse mu cyumweru gishize, yaba yari yaracitse kuri izi ngeso zitari nziza; tutaretse kwibaza ku ikizakurikira niba muri Kongo haba habarizwayo imitwe ifitanye umubano w’ubuhahirane na UPDF, mu buryo bwa rwihishwa, ibisanzwe bizwi no ku gihugu cy’u Rwanda!
Si ibyo gusa, Uganda UPDF yanashinjwe gufata ku ngufu abagore no kubyara abana ntibatahure; nk’uko tubisoma ku rubuga reliefweb.int! Aha rero tukaba twibaza niba UPDF izinduwe no gushaka umutekano wayo, mu bikorwa ifatanyije na FARDC; yaba itazongera kubera abanyekongo umuzigo w’amakuba atandukanye! Kugeza ubu UPDF itararenza icyumweru yinjiye ku butaka bwa Kongo, ikaba ikomeje kuregwa ko ibitero by’ibidege kabuhariwe byayo byaba byaribasiye n’inzirakarengane z’Abasivili! Icyakora UPDF yo ibyo birego ikaba ibyita “propaganda”, nk’uko byatangajwe n’urubuga rwa allafrica.com!
Na none kandi UPDF yambutse muri Kongo, mu gihe Uganda itarabasha kwishyura indishyi ya miliyari 4,3; yaciwe n’urukiko mpuzamahanga kwishyura ibyangijwe na UPDF mu ntambara za Kongo zombi! Uganda na Kongo kandi, biracyafitanye amasinde kuri petiroli icukurwa mu kiyaga cya Albert, mu gice Kongo yita icyayo cyavogerewe!
Kwambuka kwa UPDF muri Kongo Inteko z’ibihugu byombi zitabizi, naho Dr Denys MUKWEGE ati: “Igihugu kigushije ishyano”!
Nk’uko tubisoma mu inyandiko y’urubuga allafrica.com, Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Uganda ngo ntiyigeze imenyeshwa iyambuka ry’ingabo z’igihugu UPDF, zijya guhiga umutwe ADF muri DRC. Iri yambuka rikaba ryaratangiye mu ijoro ryo kuwa 27 Ugushyingo; maze kuwa 28 inkuru bucya yasakaye mu binyamakuru! Ngo iyi ngeso yo kuba UPDF yajya mu bikorwa bya gisirikari mu bindi bihugu, Inteko itabihaye umugisha, ikaba isanzwe imenyerewe; ngo ibi bikaba byaranabaye igihe yambuka imipaka ijya mu bikorwa mu gihugu cya DRC, Somalia na Sudani y’Amajyepfo! Imishinga ya UPDF ya Leta ya UGANDA ikunze kugorana mu Inteko Ishinga Amategeko; iyo hakabamo nko kwikungahaza ku ntwaro (indege z’intambara zihenze cyane), no kujyana ingabo z’igihugu mu bikorwa hanze y’ubutaka bw’igihugu!
Nk’uko twongera tukabisoma kandi mu inyandiko y’urubuga rw’Ikinyamakuru actualité.cd, Pierrot MWANA MPUTU, Umuvugizi w’igipolisi cya DRC yatagangaje ko nta tegeko rihatira Leta ya RDC, gusaba uburenganzira mu nteko, bakira umutwe w’ingabo z’amahanga! Byumvikane ko yasubizaga abibazaga impamvu RDC yakiriye umutwe w’ingabo z’amahanga Inteko itabizi; ibyo byonyine bikaba bisobanuye ko ikibazo nka kiriya kitagombaga kubura mu ibyacishwa mu Inteko ihagarariye abaturage, hakurikijwe uburemere ndetse n’ingaruka gishobora kugira ku gihugu, hakabaho kwitana bamwana hagati y’inzego z’igihugu! Ibiri amambu Inteko ya DRC ikaba yarateranye yibaza byinshi, ku burenganzira izo ngabo zemerewe n’ubwo zikumiriweho, igihe zizamara… Gusa nk’uko iki kinyamakuru gikomeza kibitwibutsa, ngo uyu muco nawo waba umenyerewe muri DRC; na cyane ko no ku ngoma ya Prezida Joseph KABILA, muw’2009, Prezida w’Inteko Vital KAMERHE yirukanwe ku kazi ke, azira kubaza impamvu KABILA yinjije abasirikali b’u Rwanda 4,000 mu Intara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, inteko itabizi!
Mu nkuru dukomeza dusoma ku urubuga rw’Ikinyamakuru the East African, batubwira ko Dr Denys MUKWEGE, watsindiye igihembo cy’amahoro cyitiriwe Nobel muw’2018, akaba ari umuganga waminuje mu mu iby’imyororokere y’Abagore, yaba yaragaye iki gikorwa cyo kwinjiza UPDF ku butaka bwa DRC! Yavuze ko ibyo bidakwiriye, kandi ko bizakururira igihugu amahano yiyongera ku asanzwe!
Impamvu ikomeye yaba yaratumye UPDF yambuka muri DRC, bikaba ari ibitero bya za bombe byari bimaze byibasiye igihugu, ndetse n’ibitero bya M23 byari byimonogoje, mu minsi ishize! Gusa ikidasanzwe ni uko u Rwanda mukeba wa Uganda; rwatangaje ko iyo M23 yari imaze iminsi igaba ibitero hafi y’umupaka wa Uganda, ikorana bisesuye na Leta ya Uganda, ngo naho amabombe aturikira muri Uganda, akangiza byinshi ataretse no gutwara ubuzima bw’abantu, yo nayo akaba aturitswa na Leta! Ibi abategetsi ba Leta y’u Rwanda batangaza bikaba bitakizerwa, kubera ko iyi Leta izwiho kurangwa n’ibinyoma! Icyakora na none ntitwabura kwibutsa ko iyi Leta yo n’iya Uganda, ari zo zimenyereye imikino yo kwambuka muri DRC; bivuze ko zaba zinasangiye amabanga n’amayeri yo gutegura impamvu simusiga, zituma bambutsa ingabo igitaraganya nta kumenyesha Inteko zabo n’iz’igihugu bigabyemo ngo zibihe umugisha!
Imishinga yo kubaka imihanda, kurushanwa n’u Rwanda igihagararo mu Karere no gusahura umutungo kamere w’amabuye y’agaciro n’imbaho; nk’impamvu nyakuri zaba zambukije UPDF muri Kongo ikubagahu Inteko zombi zitabihaye umugisha!
Ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ndetse no mu binyamakuru bimwe na bimwe, Ku ruhande rwa Kongo n’urwa Uganda; harumvikana abatangaza icengezamatwara rishyigikira byimazeyo ukwambuka kwa UPDF. Ikimenyetso cya mbere ko iri ari icengezamatwara, ni uko ku ruhande rwa Kongo bavangamo ibisingizo ku ngabo za UPDF, ko ari abatabazi baje kubakiza ababisha bari bashyigikiwe n’akagambane ka FARDC, RDF, ndetse na Prezida Joseph KABILA ucyuye igihe! Ni mu gihe kubera ko uyu ari umukoro ukomeye kuri Prezida TSHISEKEDI witegura amatora; kandi kimwe mu bigwi yagombaga gushyira imbere, kikaba ari ukugarura umutekano mu Burasirazuba bwa DRC! Byumvikane ko inyungu zikomeye ku ruhande rwa TSHISEKEDI ari ugushakisha, uko yakikura mu isoni y’ibihe bidasanzwe byashyizwe ku Intara y’Amajyaruguru ya Kivu, na Ituli; none bikaba nta musaruro byabashije kugeraho!
Naho ku ruhande rwa Uganda hari imishinga y’imihanda itatu: umwe wa km 80 uzava muri Mpondwe mu mujyi muto uri ku mupaka wa Uganda werekeza mu mujyi wa Beni, uwa kabiri wa km 54 ukazava aho Beni ujya mu wundi mujyi wa Butembo, naho uwa gatatu wa km 89 ukazava mu mujyi muto wa Bunagana ya Kisoro werekeza ku icyambu cya Goma, ku nkombe z’ikiyaga cya Kivu! Iyi mihanda idashobora gukorwa abakozi n’ibikoresho bitarinzwe ikaba yari irimo gukerererwa! Ubu imirimo kuri iyo mihanda ikaba yenda gutangira, nk’uko bikomeje gutangazwa mu butumwa bushimagiza icyi gikorwa cyo kwambuka kwa UPDF!
Uganda kandi isanzwe imenyereye ihangana n’u Rwanda ku mayeri yo gusahura umutungo kamere wa DRC; ikaba yeretse u Rwanda igihandure, dore ko kubayo byemewe no kugira imirimo yo kuhakorera, bizayiha uburyo bwo gukora ubucuruzi bwihishe no kwicukurira amabuye y’agaciro cyangwa kubaza ibiti, yohereza Kampala, aho bizava byerekeza mu mahanga! Na none kandi ni igitego ku Rwanda rwafunze imipaka yarwo na Uganda ruzibira, ibicuruzwa byavaga mu gihugu cya Uganda, rutaretse n’ibyavaga Kenya bijya mu Rwanda, u Burengerazuba bwa DRC, ndetse no mu Burundi! Imihanda Uganda igiye kubaka izazahura ubuhahirane bw’Icyambu cya Mombasa na Uganda hamwe n’u Burasirazuba bwa Kongo. U Rwanda rukaba rwari rwarakomye mu nkokora ubwo buhahirane, rufunga imipaka na Uganda!
Iki kikaba ari igihagararo Uganda igiye gutambuka u Rwanda mu karere, kubera ko ubu igiye gukora ibyananiye Ingamba z’ibihe bidasanzwe byashyiriweho Intara y’Amajyaruguru ya Kivu n’iya Ituri! Ikaba kandi igiye gukora ibyananiye MONUSCO: guhashya imitwe ihungabanya umutekano mu ntara zombi! Aho igaruye umutekano ikahazana n’amajyambere y’ibikorwa-remezo byo kuzahura abaturage baho!
Ntitwabura kuvuga ko kandi Uganda yaboneyeho uburyo bwo kwishongora kuri mukeba u Rwanda; yerekana iterambere mu bwirinzi ihagazeho mu minsi ya none! Byaragaragaye mu mashusho akomeje gukwirakwizwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga na UPDF ubwayo, ko uretse no kujya mu ntambara bagiye no mu karasisi ko kumurika intwaro zigezweho, ubuhanga bwo kuzikoresha, n’ibikorwa bya gisirikali mu buryo bugezweho! Uganda ubu ikataje mu gukora imodoka z’intambara, imbunda, amasasu n’mabombe akoreshwa n’indege z’indwanyi u Rwanda rutari rwakarota gutunga. Uganda kandi yaboneyeho n’uburyo bwo kugerageza ibikoresho yikorera, mu ruganda rwa NAKASONGOLA mu rugamba nyirizina, atari mu byanya byagenewe igerageza ry’intwaro! Byange bikunde mu masezerano y’ibanga hagati ya ba Prezida bombi, ntihabuzemo n’uburyo Uganda izahakura yiyishyura ibyakoreshejwe mu ntambara, ibiri amahire ubwishyu bukaba kwikoreramo ku mabuye y’agaciro n’imbaho!
Twitege ingaruka ki ku bikorwa bya UPDF muri DRC !?
Nta gitangaje kandi ntibwaba ari nabwo bwa mbere kuri Uganda, UPDF iramutse ifite indi migambi yihishe yatuma irushaho kumara igihe kirekire muri DRC! Aho niho tuzumva ngo havutse indi mitwe, cyangwa se ADF yiyuburuye mu wundi mutwe ushobora kugira imiterere, idakangwa ibitwaro bya rutura UPDF yitwaje muri DRC! U Rwanda narwo rutabuze uruhare mu mitwe inyanyagiye hariya mu Burasirazuba bwa Kongo, wenda narwo ntiruzarebera nk’uko umusesenguzi mu ibya politiki Andrew MWENDA yabiraguje umutwe! Yavuze ko ibyo UPDF yakoze muri DRC atabibona nko kuzindurwa no guhashya inyeshyamba z’ubushobozi buke cyane; ahubwo kari akarasisi ko kwigamba ku gihugu mukeba iterambere ry’intwaro, abarwanyi n’imirwanire Uganda imaze kugeraho! Yahamije ko uwo muturanyi mukeba kizwi na bose ari u Rwanda; kandi ko rushobora kutihanganira kurebera gusa rutagize icyo rukoze, rwitwaje ko umutekano warwo usumbirijwe! Intambara y’ibihugu bibiri mu gihugu kindi se !? Iminsi iri imbere iduhishiye byinshi!
Bizagendekera gute Tshisekedi uburiye umubyizi mu bihe bidasanzwe yari yashyiriyeho intara zombi, none bikaba birangiye atumiye igihugu gituranyi ngo kize kumukorera ibyakabaye mu nshingano ze!? Mbega nk’ubu igihe cyo kwiyamamaza nikigera UPDF ikibyagiye mu Burasirazuba, Tshisekedi azavuga ikihe gifransa bahu!
Icyakora na none ntitwasoza inkuru yacu tudateje ubwega ku mico u Rwanda na Uganda, nk’ibihugu bihanganye mu karere byiyeguje, bikaba bikomeje gushyira imbere ubwirinzi umuntu yakita ko burenze ubukenewe! Ibi bikaba bishobora kuzakururira abaturage b’ibihugu byombi amakuba, atazanabura ingaruka ku karere! Ingabo nyinshi zihabwa amahugurwa kabuhariwe aba agomba kujya kubyazwa umusaruro, mu mishinga ya gashoza-ntambara! Ikindi cyo kwibazwaho ni akahe kamaro k’imibereho myiza y’abaturage, igihugu gikura mu bushabitsi bushingiye ku ntambara! Ese izo nyungu zabaho zo, birakwiye ko ibihugu byo mu karere byiteza imbere, mu kumena amaraso y’inzirakarengane mu bindi bihugu?
