Yanditswe na Valentin Akayezu
A)Ballet diplomatique infructueux :
Ubwo mu ntangiro z’icyumweru cyarangiye, Kagame yagiriraga urugendo muri Amerika mu gashami gatanga amasomo ku by’ingufu muri Columbia University, Kagame yavuye muri urwo rugendo amaramasa gusa kuko mu rwego rwa dipolomasi ntacyo urwo rugendo rwamwunguye uretse guhurirana n’inyandiko ya NewYork Times yamwambikaga ubusa.
Sibyo gusa kuko muri Senat y’Amerika, Perezida wa Comité ishinzwe ububanyi n’amahanga, Senateur Mendez yongeye kugaragaza kotorohera Paul Kagame, dore ko yavuze ko u Rwanda niba rudakuye ingabo zarwo muri Kongo rugomba kwirengera ingaruka zabyo. Uyu Mendez akaba azwi cyane mu buryo yahagurukiye ikibazo cya Paul Rusesabagina mu buryo bwabujije amahwemo Paul Kagame.
Ibyo byaje byiyongere ku rugendo Perezida w’Ubusuwisi yagiriye muri Kongo aho yatangaje ko Ubusuwisi bwiyemeje guhagurukira ikibazo cyo kugeza mu butabera abakomeje gukora ibikorwa bihungabanya uburenganzira bwa muntu muri Kongo. Ibyo akaba yarabitangaje mu gihe Television Mpuzamahanga TV5 ikorera mu mababa ya OIF iyobowe na Mushikiwabo Louise yatangaje inkuru z’ubwicanyi ndengakamere bwabereye Kishishe bukozwe na M23/RDF.
Dipolomasi Perezida Fatchi arimo gukora ikaba imaze kugera mu kiciro cyayo cya gatatu, aho ku ikubitiro yakoresheje:
1) diplomatie de la guerre:
Iyi ikaba yaratumye Paul Kagame ananirwa kubasha gusobanura impamvu y’ukuri yatumye ashoza intambara kuri Kongo. Byatangiye abyita ko ari FDRL iteza umutekano muke ku Rwanda, abonye bidafata abyita ko ari jenoside ikorerwa abatutsi b’abanyeKongo, abonye bidafata, abyita ko ari impunzi z’Abatutsi bahunze Kongo barimo gushaka gusubira mu gihugu cyabo, none abigejeje kubyitirira ikibazo cy’imipaka. Uburyo Fatchi yahagurutse yumvikanisha ikibazo cy’intambara yashojweho na Paul Kagame, byatumye Kagame ata umurongo asigara mu ihuzagurika ritewe nuko yabuze ibisobanuro aha intambara arwana muri Kongo. Ubu buryo bwa dipolomasi y’intambara bukaba bwarahiriye Perezida Fatchi.
2)Diplomatie de l’économie:
Ubu buryo nabwo bwahiriye Perezida Fatchi kuko amaze kubasha gutuma igihugu cye kijya hamwe mu guhuza imyumvire ku ntambara Kagame yabashojeho, abari abafatanyabikorwa ba Kagame mu gusahura umutungo wa Kongo bahise bamubonamo umunyantege nke, amasezerano menshi yari afitanye nabo asa n’ahagaze. Kugeza ubu ibihugu byose bishishikajwe n’ubukungu bwa Kongo, ntakikinyura kuri Kagame nk’uko byahoze, ahubwo barigira kugirana ibiganiro n’abategetsi ba Kinshasa. Fatchi akaba yarashoboye gushyira mu kato Kagame waruzwiho kubazwa bwa mbere n’ubwa nyuma ibirebana n’ubukungu bwa Kongo.
3)Diplomatie judiciaire:
Iyi ntambwe ni indi Perezida Fatchi ateye kuko ku rwego mpuzamahanga, hatangiye kuvugwa ibirebana no kuburanisha ibyaha bikomeye byakorewe ku butaka bwa Kongo. Iri akaba ari icumu rishinzwe mu mutima wa Kagame dore ko ariwe ahanini binototera. Aha ndibutsa ko kubirebana n’ibyaha mpuzamahanga nka jenoside, crimes contre l’humanité et crimes de guerre, ubudahangarwa bw’umukuru w’igihugu (immunité présidentielle) budashobora kuba imbogamizi. Uburyo bumwe Kagame yakwikura muri iki kibazo bigishoboka ni uko atangira akareba Kongo nko kugendera hejuru y’amagi. Naho nakomeza gutsimbarara, ararangiza nka Charles Taylor wafashwe akaburanishwa kubera gutera inkunga imitwe y’inyeshyamba muri Sierra Leone. Cyangwa Saddam Hussen wakoze ikosa ryo gutera Koweït bikaza kurangira amanitswe ku giti rwagati muri Bagdad. Yaba Taylor, yaba Saddam, bombi bahoze ari abizerwa ba Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, ariko ibintu bibahindukiraho batabikekaga. Iyi Dipolomasi y’ubucamanza, akaba ari inkoni y’icyuma Perezida Fatchi atangiye guhondesha Kagame.
B) Fonds de commerce du génocide en banqueroute :
Ikarita ya jenoside ubutegetsi bwa Kagame bwakomeje kubakiraho dipolomasi yabwo, imaze gusaza cyane. Mu cyumweru kirangiye hagaragaye uburyo impaka zikiri zose ku nyito ikwiye guhabwa ibyabaye mu Rwanda. Haba guhera mu nzego z’umuryango w’Abibumbye n’indi miryango byagaragaye ko bafite uburyo basobanura ikibazo cy’ibyabaye mu Rwanda mu 1994 mu buryo butandukanye n’ibyo FPR yari yiteze. Ni mu gihe hari umwanzuro w’inteko rusange y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye watowe mu 2018 wagennye inyito igomba gukoreshwa, ariko mu matangazo yagiye ashyirwa ahagaragara mu cyumweru cyashize, ukabona ko hagenda hagarukamo ibyo FPR itifuza. Urugero akanama ka UN gashinzwe uburenganzira bwa Muntu kifashishije inyito ya jenoside nyarwanda Deparitoma ya Leta muri Amerika mu ishami rishinzwe Afurika batangaje itangazo riremereye rivuga ko hagomba kwibukwa n’Abahutu n’Abatwa bishwe.
Ibyo byaje byiyongera ku butumire Ambassade ya US muri Lesotho yatanze bwo kuza kwibuka jenoside nyarwanda. Ubutegetsi bwa Kigali ntibwishimiye ibyo byose ariko bikagaragaza ko ikarita yabwo ya jenoside itakiri mu bigikinwa kuri iyi isi ya none.
Ntabwo ubwo butegetsi bwicaye ubusa kuko bwagiye bwegera abarimo Adam Dieng wigeze kuba “greffier en chef” wa ICTR ndetse n’umujyanama wa Loni kubyo kurwanya jenoside maze asohora inyandiko itabaza ko ngo muri Kongo hari kuba jenoside
Siwe wenyine, kuko ubwo butegetsi bwanegereye umwe mubagize inteko ishingamategeko ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Depite Trent Kelly maze atangiza umushinga w’umwanzuro wo guhindura inyito y’ibyabaye mu Rwanda mu 1994, bikava kwitwa jenoside nyarwanda bikitwa jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Ubu birimo kwigwa muri komite ishinzwe ububanyi n’amahanga y’iyo nteko.
Mu gihe ikarita ya FPR ikinisha dipolomasi yayo ya jenoside irimo isagwa n’ubusembwa, imbere mu gihugu cy’u Rwanda, harakorwa ibishoboka byose kugira uwo mwuka wamaze gukwiragira muri politiki mpuzamahanga kubirebana na jenoside nyarwanda, utahumvikana. Ibikorwa by’ubugome byibasira abacitse kw’icumu birimo kurushaho kwiyongera kandi bikitirirwa Abahutu ndetse n’imibiri mibisi irimo ijugunywa mu nzuzi bikitirirwa ko ari imibiri y’abatutsi bishwe mu 1994. Ibyo byose bikaba bikorwa mu nyungu za FPR kugira ngo abanyarwanda b’imbere mu gihugu bakomeze bahumeke umwuka wa jenoside, ariryo pfundo.ry’imbaraga za FPR zo gukomeza kugundira yonyine ubutegetsi mu Rwanda.
C) Sino/Russo-Africa partnership:
Mu rugendo yarimo muri Bénin, Kagame yabajijwe uko abona imibanire y’uburusiya n’Afurika. Uyu mugabo wabaye mu kwaha kw’ibihugu by’uburengerazuba bw’isi akabikorera atitangiriye itama, icyo kibazo yagisubizanije ubwihebe. Kagame biramugoye guhindura uruhande ngo abe yafata urw’Abashinwa n’Abarusiya kubera imitego we ubwe yiteze ni yo Abanyaburayi n’Abanyamerika bamuteze. Bigaragara ko yamaze kurambirwa igitutu bamushyiraho, ariko nta bushobozi bwo kwishitura iyo migozi afite. Ikibazo yagishubije bimugoye bitewe naho yari ari. Muri Afurika y’Iburengerezabu na Bénin irimo, urubyiruko rwaho rubona ko imibanire ya Afurika n’Uburusiya ishobora guhindura byinshi. Kagame rero ntiyashoboraga gusubiza ikibazo mu buryo bwatumwa urwo rubyiruko rumwibazaho dore ko rumwibeshyaho ko ari umugabo uharanira inyungu za Afurika. Yagerageje gusubiza mu buryo butuma abonwa neza ariko azi neza ko bihabanye nibyo yemera kubera ibihato bimuriho.
Reka dukomeze twitege ibyo iminsi iri imbere iduhishiye.
