Yanditswe na Erasme Rugemintwaza
Ni intambara ikomeye hagati y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (LONI) n’abanyamuryango bayo Nijeri n’u Rwanda. Intambara irimo ubuhanga bwa diporomasi n’amategeko aho gutsindwa bisa nk’aho bitemewe. Ese birava he bikagana he muri iyi nkundura ya diporomasi n’amategeko irebana n’Abanyarwanda 8 Nijeri ihatira kuva ku butaka bwayo bamazeho ibyumweru 3 gusa?
Incamake ku kibazo
Ku ya 15 Ugushyingo 2021, Loni na Repubulika ya Nijeri byashyize umukono ku masezerano ajyanye no “kwimura abantu barekuwe cyangwa bagizwe abere n’Urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rw’u Rwanda (ICTR) cyangwa “Mechanism” mpuzamahanga yahamagariwe gukora imirimo isigaye y’Inkiko mpanabyaha.”
Ingingo ya 1 y’aya masezerano iteganya, mu gika cya 2 ko: “Aya masezerano yerekeye uburyo bujyanye no kwimura abantu bakurikira barekuwe cyangwa bagizwe abere ku butaka bwa Repubulika ya Niger:
1) Jérôme-Clément Bicamumpaka
2) Prosper Mugiraneza
3) Tharcisse Muvunyi
4) Anatole Nsengiyumva
5) André Ntagerura
6) AlphonseNteziryayo
7) François Nzuwonemeye
8) Inzirakarengane Sagahutu
9) Protais Zigiranyirazo
Aba bantu 9 usibye Jérôme-Clément Bicamumpaka wagumye Arusha kubera impamvu z’ubuzima, bageze ku butaka bwa Nijeri ku ya 12/06/2021 bahabwa ibyemezo byo gutura na guverinoma ya Nijeri, nk’abaturage bahoraho, nk’uko Amasezerano abiteganya.
Ariko nyuma y’icyumweru bageze muri Nijeriya, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda, ibinyujije kuri Ambasaderi wayo muri Loni, Madamu Valentine Rugwabiza, ku ya 12/13/2021, yazamuye ikibazo cyo kwimura abo banyarwanda mu kanama gashinzwe umutekano ku isi, avuga ko igihugu cye kitamenyeshejwe iryo yimuka.
Binyuze mu bikorwa bikomeye bya diporomasi, Kigali ibifashijwemo n’Ubufaransa, yatumye habaho Iteka ryo kwirukana aba Rwanda ku butaka bwa Nijeri. Iteka rya Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu no kwegereza abaturage ubuyobozi ya Nijeri ryo ku ya 27 Ukuboza 2021, nyuma y’ibyumweru bitatu gusa, ryirukanye aba Abanyarwanda 8 bari bimukiye ku butaka bwayo, hakurikijwe amasezerano. Byatangaje isi yose cyane cyane ko impamvu zatanzwe na Nijeri, -nubwo cyokora yavugishije ukuri- zitagaragara mu masezerano: Impamvu za diplomasi!
Uko ibintu biri
Niger: Kubura ubushishozi
Nijeri yakoresheje amayeri mu kwambara Abanyarwanda 8 impushya zo gutura ku butaka bwayo yabahaye ku bushake, nk’uko amasezerano yasinyanye na Loni yabiteganyaga. Ibi byangiza kwizerwa kwayo nka Leta. Ntibyari ngombwa kuriganya abo bantu, kubikora byerekana ko Nijeri nta mpamvu zifatika yari ifite. Mu kubikora, na none Nijeri yishe Amasezerano kuko ntiyubahirije inzira zashyizweho. Impamvu za diporomasi Nijeri ivuga ntizizwi ariko tuzi ko Iteka ryo kwirukana aba Banyarwanda ari umusaruro wa diporomasi y’u Rwanda binyuze mu Bufaransa kubera inyungu za politiki yo mu Karere. Rero, mu kwemera kugendera ku bitekerezo by’amahanga, Nijeri yongeye gutesha agaciro ubwigenge bwayo.
Ariko ikirushijeho kuba kibi ni ubushake bwayo bwo kwirengagiza inzira ziteganijwe mu masezerano zitanga inzira n’uburyo bwo “Guhindura” amasezerano nk’uko biteganijwe mu ngingo ya 10: “Aya masezerano ashobora guhinduka, nyuma yo kujya inama hagati y’Abayagiranye, kandi bikumvikanwaho mu nyandiko.” Cyangwa ingingo ya 11 ivuga ko “Impaka zose, kutavuga rumwe cyangwa amakimbirane akomoka cyangwa yerekeranye n’aya masezerano azakemurwa ku buryo bw’imishyikirano cyangwa mu buryo bwumvikanyweho.”
Ikinyamakuru Jeune Afrique cyo ku ya 29 Ukuboza 2021, cyanditse ko uruhande rwa Nijeri rwerekana ko Umuryango w’abibumbye wijeje Niamey ko u Rwanda rutazagira icyo ruvuga ku kibazo cyo kwimura. Icyakora, nyuma yuko aba Banyarwanda bageze mu gihugu cya Nijeri, bivugwa ko Kigali yatangaje ko itishimiye. Umwe mu bayobozi bo muri Nijeri yagize ati: “Dufata ko Loni yatuyobeje. Ubu rero birareba Loni kubashakira aho baba.”
Aha bikaba bigaragaza ikibazo cya guverinoma ya Nijeri mu gufata ibyemezo. Ubusanzwe, icyemezo icyo aricyo cyose gisaba gushyira ku munz ibyiza n’ibibi no gusesengura ingaruka zose zishobora kugikomokaho. Umuryango w’abibumbye ntiwashoboraga kwiyumvisha ububi bwa Leta y’u Rwanda mu gushaka gushyira mu gihirahiro aba Abanyarwanda bimuwe, ahubwo Nijeri yo yashoboraga rwose gutekereza kuri iyi myitwarire ishoboka y’inshuti yayo u Rwanda!
Kigali mu gushyashyana
Ubutegetsi bwa FPR-Inkotanyi bufite kandi buzahora bufite inyota yo gufata mpiri Abanyacyubahiro b’ubutegetsi bwahiritswe nayo. Ibi bisa nk’aho biri muri kamere muntu: gushaka kwereka abatsinzwe ko batsinzwe! Ariko Kigali irahirimbana muri iki kibazo ku bw’impamvu zindi ziremereye.
Mu by’ukuri bamwe basanga icyifuzo cy’u Rwanda kuri aba Banyarwanda atari ukubagarura mu gihugu cyabo bisanzwe, ahubwo ubutegetsi bwa Kagame burashaka kubakoresha kugira ngo bashimangire inkuru zabwo, harimo iby’itegurwa rya Jenoside, tutibagiwe n’ihanurwa ry’indege ya Habyarimana Yuvenali yabaye imbarutso ya Jenoside mu Rwanda.
Ubuhamya bw’ubuhimbano, bavugishwa aba bantu kugira ngo barengere amagara yabo, bwashimangira inkuru z’ubutegetsi bwa Kagame. Ibi bintu byombi, itegurwa rya Jenoside n’ihanurwa ry’indege ya Habyarimana, nibyo guverinoma ya FPR-Inkotanyi ishyira imbere kuko bitera impaka zikomeye zituma Umuryango mpuzamahanga utabona ibintu kimwe, ndetse hafi ya byose bigashinjwa FPR-Inkotanyi. Ibi rero bitera intugunda Leta ya Kagame.
Ngiyo intego mbi irimo gutuma Leta ya Kigali ishyashyana, ikora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo abo Banyarwanda bagarurwe mu Rwanda. Inzira zose zatuma Kagame yigarurira abamurwanya, cyane cyane abanyacyubahiro bo mu butegetsi bwa Habyarimana, uko zaba zimeze kose ni nziza. Bityo Kigali ikaba iherutse gutangiza ubukangurambaga ikoresheje umuzindaro wayo Tom NDAHIRO. Ku rubuga rwe rwa twitter, usangaho ubutumwa buvuga kuri Major Ntuyahaga wagaruwe i Kigali nyuma yo kurangiza ibihano yakatiwe n’Ububiligi.
Twabibutsa ko Majoro Ntuyahaga yagaruwe i Kigali, ku gahato, atabyemera kugira ngo umunsi umwe, mu bihe nk’ibi, abe urugero rwo kureshya amahanga ngo ajye nyohereza nakarangije ibihano. Majoro Ntuyahaga rero ni nk’igico, umutego wo kubeshyeshya abantu badafite icyo bazi ku migambi mibisha y’u Rwanda ku bahoze ari abayobozi. Ni gute, mu by’ukuri FPR-Inkotanyi ishobora gushaka gucyura abantu yita abanyabyaha ruharwa batahindutse, isaba ko Nijeri yakwitondera, nk’uko byatangajwe na Madamu Valentine RUGWABIZA? Ese u Rwanda rufite purigatori yo kweza abo bantu rufata nk’abacurabwenge ba Jenoside, bigaragara ko n’ubwo yemejwe ikomeje guteza impaka na nyuma y’imyaka 27; cyangwa rufite itanura ryo kubyaza abantu akari i Murori kugira ngo bashimangire ibyo Leta ivuga?
Mu buryo butunguranye, binyujijwe ku muvugizi wayo Alain MUKURARINDA, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yemeye, ku ya 29/12/2021 kuri BBC, ko yagize uruhare mu cyemezo cya Nijeri, ariko buri gihe ikagaragaza urugero rwa Major Ntuyahaga wahatiwe kuza mu Rwanda, tuzi impagarara iki kibazo cyateje, yoherejwe n’u Bubiligi.
Loni: Inshingano y’ubutabazi
Amasezerano y’umuryango w’abibumbye yo ku ya 24 Ukwakira 1945 kimwe n’itangazo mpuzamahanga ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu ryo ku ya 10 Ukuboza 1948 ni ibikoresho byiza byo kurengera uburenganzira bwa muntu. Icyakora, ibyo Nijeri yakoze ntabwo binyuranyije gusa n’amasezerano yari yasinye gusa ahubwo binavuguruzanya cyane n’imikorere ya Loni: guharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu. Niyo mpamvu Inkiko z’umuryango w’abibumbye zahise zifata iya mbere kugira ngo zigerageze guhisha akajagari katewe n’Itegeko rya Nijeri ryo kwirukana Abanyarwanda 8.
Bityo, ku ya 30/12/2021, n’ubwo Abakozi ba LONI bari mu kiruhuko cy’umwaka , Perezida w’Urukiko rwa La Haye, Umucamanza Carmel Agius yohereje ku mugaragaro amabwiriza ku Mwanditsi:
“AMABWIRIZA KU MWANDITSI*
KU KIBAZO CYA
_FRANÇOIS-XAVIER NZUWONEMEYE
PROSPER MUGIRANEZA
PROTAIS ZIGIRANYIRAZO_
[…]
DUHAYE AMABWIRIZA UMWANDITSI kugira ngo akomeze gukorana n’inzego zibishinzwe za Nijeri, harimo n’uburyo buteganijwe n’ingingo ya 2 n’iya 11 z’amasezerano, no gufata ingamba zose zikenewe kugira ngo icyemezo cyo Kwirukana, kitabangamira uburenganzira bw’ibanze bw’abantu bimuwe;
DUHAYE AMABWIRIZA UMWANDITSI kugira ngo ajye aduha amakuru mashya uko ibintu bimeze, harimo no gutanga inyandiko rusange hakurikijwe Ingingo ya 31 (B) y’Amategeko uko bikwiye;
DUSABYE UMWANDITSI kugeza Ibyifuzo hamwe n’aya mabwiriza, kimwe n’izindi nyandiko zitangwa ku mugaragaro, zirebana n’iki kibazo, imbere ya “Mechanism”, ku bajyanama bose bemejwe na “Mechanism”, kuri ubu bahagarariye abantu babaye abere cyangwa barekuwe, kimwe n’abandi bafite icyo bakora kirebana n’iki kibazo; na
_DUSABYE Umwanditsi no kohereza ibyifuzo hamwe n’aya Mabwiriza, hamwe
n’izindi nyandiko zitangwa ku mugaragaro, zirebana n’iki kiba ku Biro bishinzwe amategeko by’Umuryango w’Abibumbye._ Muri uru ruhererekane rw’ibokorwa kandi, Umucamanza Carmel Agius, ku ya 30 Ukuboza 2021, yatanze indi nyandiko irebana:
ITEGEKO RIGEZA IBYIFUZO KU MU MUCAMANZA URI MU NSHINGANO KU RUGEREKO RWA ARUSHA
KU KIBAZO CYA
FRANÇOIS-XAVIER NZUWONEMEYE PROSPER MUGIRANEZA PROTAIS ZIGIRANYIRAZO
[…]
TUGEJEJE, hamwe n’iyi nyandiko Ibyifuzo ku Mucamanza Joseph E. Chiondo Masanche.
Twibutse ko Umucamanza Carmel Agius ari Perezida wa La Haye kandi ari we, mu gihe u Rwanda rwazanye iki kibazo mu nama y’akanama gashinzwe umutekano ku ya 13/12/2021, washimangiye ko iyimurwa ry’abo Banyarwanda ryakozwe neza, hubahirijwe amasezerano yasinywe hagati ya Nijeri na Loni.
Umucamanza Ushinzwe Arusha, Joseph E. Chiondo Masanche, mu bubasha bwose yahawe n’Umucamanza mukuru wa La Haye, yategetse guverinoma ya Nigeriya guhagarika kwirukana abo Banyarwanda 8 mu gihe cy’iminsi 30 y’akazi. Dore ibikubiyemo:
GUSABA REPUBULIKA YA NIJERI GUHAGARIKA ITEKA RYIRUKANA ABANTU BIMUWE NO GUSABA IBISOBANURO
KU KIBAZO CYA
FRANÇOIS-XAVIER NZUWONEMEYE PROSPER MUGIRANEZA PROTAIS ZIGIRANYIRAZO ANATOLE NSENGIYUMVA ALPHONSE NTEZIRYAYO ANDRÉ NTAGERURA
[…]
DUHAYE AMAMBWIRIZA UMWANDITSI yo kugeza iri Tegeko kuri Nijeri;
DUHAMAGARIYE Guverinoma ya Nijeri gutanga, mu gihe cy’iminsi 30 y’akazi, uhereye igihe iri teka ritangiwe, ibisobanuro bigaragaza agaciro k’Itegeko ryo kwirukana abo bantu n’uko ryaba rihagaze mu kubahiriza amasezerano yo kwimura;
DUSABYE Nijeri guhagarika Itegeko ryo kwirukana no kwemerera abantu bimuwe kuguma ku butaka bwayo, hakurikijwe ibikubiye mu masezerano yo kwimuka, mu gihe hagitegerejwe ko hafatwa umwanzuro wa nyuma kuri iki kibazo;
DUTEGETSE Umwanditsi kugeza iri Tegeko ku bantu bose bimuwe, barimo Muvunyi na Sagahutu, no kubajyanama bose bemewe kubahagararira
DUSABYE Umwanditsi kuzandika dosiye y’ibisobanuro mu gihe cy’iminsi 30 uhereye umunsi w’iri teka; na
DUKOMEJE gukurikirana iki kibazo. ”
* Umwanzuro *
Muri make, ngiyo intambara ya diporomasi n’amategeko iri hagati y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye n’umunyamuryango wayo Nijeri, bigaragara ko ari nka kadahwema izunguzwa n’akaboko ka Kagame na Macron. Umuryango w’Abibumbye, nk’umwishingizi w’uburenganzira bwa muntu, ntukwiye guha umwanya na muto politiki ngo uhemukire icyerekezo cyawo bityo utererane abatuntu bari mu maboko y’abicanyi aho kubarengera. Reka tubitege amaso..
