Politiki yaguye yo gushyira ku bantu “ibisazi” mu ifatwa rya Idamange Yvonne

Umubyeyi w’imyaka 42 ufite abana bane, Idamange Iryamugwiza Yvonne ari mu maboko y’ibiro bishinzwe ubugenzacyaha mu Rwanda (RIB), aho ategereje gukurikiranwa no gukorerwa ibizamini by’uburwayi bwo mu mutwe nyuma yo kugaragara mu mashusho y’urubuga rwa YouTube anenga politiki ya Leta iri ku butegetsi mu Rwanda. 

Mu mugoroba wo kuwa mbere tariki 15 Gashyantare, nibwo humvikanye inkuru ivuga ko Idamange yatawe muri yombi. Polisi y’u Rwanda yasohoye itangazo saa tatu n’iminota 41 za ninjoro, yemeza ayo makuru. Yavuze ko Idamange yagiye agaragaza imyitwarire “ivanga politiki, ubugizi bwa nabi n’ubusazi”. 

Noneho, ku wa kabiri, umuvugizi wa RIB, Dr Murangira B. Thierry, yatangarije itangazamakuru ryo mu Gihugu imbere ko mbere y’uko Idamange yitaba inkiko, azakorerwa ibizamini byo mu mutwe kugira ngo hamenyekane uko atekereza. Murangira yakomeje avuga ko ibitekerezo byatanzwe muri videwo zo kuri YouTube “byerekana ko ashobora kuba afite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe”. 

Ibya Idamange ni urugero mu rutonde rurerure rw’abenegihugu b’u Rwanda ndetse n’abanyamahanga bavuzwe ko ari “abasazi” cyangwa bahungabanye mu mutwe, bagahimbwa amazina; ibyo bigakorwa hifashishijwe imbuga nkoranyambaga, amakuru no “gusesengura” muri bimwe bitangazamakuru bikorana na guverinoma. Ubusanzwe ibi bitangira iyo abantu batanze ibitekerezo cyangwa isuzuma bivuguruza ibintu byose by’amateka yemejwe na Leta, ibirimo gukorwa, amahitamo ya politiki n’umusaruro w’ibyo byose. 

Ku birebana na Idamange, mu byumweru bike bishize ntabwo yari azwi kugeza igihe yashyize ahagaragara ibitekerezo bye. Yakoresheje amashusho ye ya mbere ya YouTube, afite Bibiliya ku ruhande rwe, ashinja guverinoma ya Perezida Paul Kagame kwirengagiza abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994. Yongeyeho ko guverinoma ikenesha nkana Abanyarwanda kugira ngo bakomeze kuba imbata no kugenzurwa. 

Andi mashusho menshi yakuriyeho, muriyo anenga Leta ibintu byinshi. Ku cyumweru, Idamange yagaragaye mu yindi videwo aho ahamagarira Abanyarwanda kwifatanya na we mu rugendo rwerekeza ku Ngoro y’Umukuru w’Igihugu, kuri Village Urugwiro, “gusaba gusubizwa igihugu cyacu”. Anemeza ko Perezida Kagame yapfuye kera!

Mu gihe inkuru y’ifatwa rya Idamange itanga amahirwe yo gusuzuma uko ubwisanzure mu gutanga ibitekerezo mu gihugu  buhagaze ndetse n’imbibi zabwo, itanga kandi umwanya wo gusuzuma icyakwitwa “politiki y’ubusazi” imaze igihe ari nk’umwitero wa disikuru ya Leta ya Kigali. Biragaragara ko, umuntu wese utinyutse kugira icyo anenga, yaba afite ukuri cyangwa se ku bundi buryo, yitwa “umusazi”, cyangwa se agahabwa andi mazina atesha agaciro n’isura.

Amateka ya vuba yerekana kandi ko n’abanyamakuru bamwe bandika cyangwa bakavuga amakuru afatwa nk’akakaye, bafashwe, bisanzwe, nk’Abasazi. Ni urutonde rw’abanyamakuru kuva ku bahoze bandika mu binyamakuru bitakiriho nk’Umuseso, Ukuri n’Umuvugizi, kugeza ku b’uyu munsi bakoresha YouTube.

Kubera iyo mpamvu, isesengura rya politiki yo kwitangira igihugu n’abaturage no kugira ibyo unenga muri iyi myaka 15 ishize cyangwa irenga, usanga Idamange, bise “umusazi”, ari umwe, mu murongo w’abandi benshi.  

Hari na none Aimable Karasira, nawe ukoresha YouTube. Kugeza mu mpera z’umwaka ushize, Karasira yari umwarimu w’ikoranabuhanga muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda. Ikigo cyamwirukanye kivuga ko afite imyitwarire mibi n’ibitekerezo byatanzwe ku rubuga rwe rwa YouTube.

Aho atandukaniye n’abandi, ni uko Karasira Aimable, ahangana n’ubukangurambaga bugamije kumwita umusazi akoresheje urubuga rwe rwa YouTube “Ukuri Mbona”.

Kimwe na Idamange, Karasira avuga kandi ko yarokotse jenoside. Yabajijwe inshuro nyinshi na RIB kubera ibiganiro acisha kuri YouTube binenga leta.

Umunyamabanga wa Lata ushinzwe umuco, Bamporiki Edouard, hamwe n’uwiyita umushakashatsi kuri jenoside witwa Tom Ndahiro, bombi bashinje Karasira gupfobya no guhakana jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, igitekerezo akwirakwiza yifashishije imbuga nkoranyambaga.

“Umudamu wa mbere”

Nk’uko byumvikana, ni agashinyaguro kumva uwacitse ku icumu rya Jenoside aregwa kuyihakana, ibirego bigerekwa no ku bandi. Abantu nkabo bashinjwaga kandi ‘kwiyanga’ no gushyigikira abishe imiryango yabo mu 1994. Karasira yitwa ‘wa musazi’ kuri Facebook kuri konti zibasiye abantu bagaragaza ku mugaragaro ibitekerezo bigaragara ko bibangamiye guverinoma.

Amezi mbere y’uko ibya Aimable Karasira bijya ahagaragara umwaka ushize, undi muntu witwa Sekikubo Fred Barafinda yashyizwe mu modoka ya RIB,  hari tariki ya 5 Gashyantare 2020, ajyanwa mu bitaro bya Ndera, mu burasirazuba bwa Kigali, ahavurirwa abantu bafite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe. Nyuma y’ukwezi, hari tariki ya 4 Werurwe, umuvugizi wa RIB muri kiriya gihe, Michelle Umuhoza, yatangarije itangazamakuru ry’imbere mu gihugu ko isuzuma ry’ubuvuzi ryakozwe na Ndera ryerekanye ko Barafinda afite uburwayi bukomeye bwo mu mutwe. Barafinda ahakana ubu burwayi.

Barafinda yaje kumenyekana mu mwaka wa 2017. Barafinda ntiyari asanzwe azwi mbere y’uko ashyikirije Komisiyo ishinzwe amatora mu Rwanda inyandiko, ashaka guhangana na Perezida Kagame mu matora yo muri Kanama 2017. Ntabwo yujuje ibisabwa ngo yemerewe kwiyamamaza nk’uko byavuzwe na Komisiyo y’amatora, ariko imbuga z’abanyarwanda zo mu gihugu ndetse n’abakoresha YouTube, baramukunze.

Muri videwo zose, Barafinda asobanura umudugudu we nk’igihugu gitandukanye n’u Rwanda, kubera ko, nk’uko abivuga, igihugu cyacunzwe nabi kandi we n’umuryango we ntibashakaga kubigiramo uruhare. Yabatije umugore we “Umudamu wa mbere” (First Lady) . Muri videwo zimwe, Barafinda yahanuye ko Imana izahana leta y’u Rwanda kubera ihohoterwa rikorerwa abaturage bayo.

Ku batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bari mu buhungiro, Barafinda yasubiyemo inkuru nyayo bagiye batera mbere kuva mu 1994 ijyanye n’ihanurwa ry’indege ya Perezida Habyalimana. Amashusho yo kuri YouTube arimo  Barafinda yarebwe n’abantu ibihumbi byinshi n’ibitekerezo amagana.

Kugereka ku bantu batavuga rumwe isura y’”ubusazi” ntabwo byatangiye vuba aha. Hashize imyaka. Mu mpera z’imyaka ya za 90 ndetse no mu ntangiriro ya 2000, abanyamakuru n’abanditsi b’ibinyamakuru bavuze ku bintu bikomeye, batwamiwe mu ruhame mu mahuriro yemewe nk’abadafite roho nzima. Aba banyamakuru bose, baretse umwuga, cyangwa se barahunga. Abanyamakuru nk’abo barimo abantu nka Charles Kabonero, Robert Sebufilira na McDowell Kalisa, bahoze bandikira ikinyamakuru Umuseso, ubu kikaba kitakiriho.

Abatavuga rumwe na politiki y’ishyaka riri ku butegetsi ntibarokotse ikirango cy ‘umusazi’. 

Izina rya Dr. David Himbara, (wahoze ari umufasha mukuru wa Perezida Kagame), ubu akaba ari mu buhungiro muri Kanada, rimaze imyaka myinshi ryibasiwe ku mbuga nkoranyambaga nka Facebook ndetse n’ibindi bitangazamakuru kwibasirwa, rishyirwaho “ubusazi” no “gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge”.

Mu ishusho imwe ihora itangazwa, marijuwana yaka ishyirwa ku minwa ya Dr Himbara. Ku jisho ridashishoza, iyi ishusho y’impimbano yafatwa nk’ukuri. Iyi shusho ni ishusho yerekana inyandiko zasohotse ku mbuga za interineti zidasobanutse, zivuga ko Dr Himbara akoresha ibiyobyabwenge. Ni nako byakoreshejwe kuri Aimable Karasira, akaba n’umuririmbyi. Ibi byashushanyijwe  no ku bandi benshi. Ku birebana na Dr Himbara, kuba akomeza kugaragara anenga Leta bisa nk’aho ari ihwa ku bayobozi mu Rwanda. Habayeho inkuru zitabarika zamagana politiki ya Leta y’u Rwanda zanditswe na Dr Himbara, inkuru zemewe n’ubushakashatsi mu bukungu. Ishakisha ryoroshye rya Google kuri Dr Himbara rizana urutonde rutagira ingano rw’izi nkuru.

Icyapa cy’”ubusazi” nticyakoreshejwe gusa ku banyarwanda bamwe mu kugerageza gushyira igicu cyo gushidikanya kubyo banenga guverinoma. Muri Gicurasi 2010, Porofeseri w’amategeko muri Amerika, Peter Erlinder yageze mu Rwanda nk’umwunganizi mu by’amategeko kugira ngo afashe umunyapolitiki utavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi Ingabire Victoire. Mu minsi mike, Erlinder ubwe yarafashwe aregwa ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside.

Ku ya 2 Kamena muri uwo mwaka, Polisi yasohoye itangazo ryerekana ko Prof Erlinder ashobora kuba atari afite ubwenge bwo mu mutwe, kuko yagerageje kwiyahura muri kasho ye. Muri icyo gihe, umuvugizi wa polisi, Eric Kayiranga, mu kiganiro yagiranye n’abanyamakuru, yavuze ko Erlinder yamize uruvange rw’ibinini nyuma yo kumenya “uburemere bw’ibyo aregwa”!

Umukobwa we Sarah Erlinder yabwiye BBC icyo gihe ati: “Data ntabwo yari umuntu watekereza kwiyahura. Ubu duhangayikishijwe n’uko ibyo ari byo bishyiraho urufatiro rw’ikindi kintu cyamubaho kitirirwa kwiyahura. ”

Erlinder yaje kurekurwa mu bishobora kuba amasezerano ya leta y’u Rwanda n’abanyamerika. Erlinder, wari umaze imyaka ashyizwe mu mpuguke mu bijyanye n’amategeko y’u Rwanda, yaracecetse kugeza uyu munsi.

Tugaruke ku kibazo cya Idamange, kimwe cyagaragaye mu ntangiriro y’iyi nkuru. Ibisobanuro bya Polisi kuri we ntibyatunguranye kuko ijambo “ubusazi” ryakoreshejwe kuri we ako kanya. Ariko urebye ibihe byakurikiranye mu bibazo byabanjirije abantu byiswe ‘umusazi’, Idamange ntabwo azaba uwa nyuma.

Nubwo uburwayi bwo mu mutwe ari ukuri, politiki n’amateka byo kubona ‘”ibisazi”, no gushyira ikimenyetso cyabyo ku batinyuka kuvuga ibitandukanye n’iby’ubuyobozi bwemeje, bimaze igihe kandi bishinze imizi.

Byacukumbuwe bwa mbere mu myaka myinshi ishize n’umuhanga mu bya filozofiya Michel Foucault mu gitabo yise, (“Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason). Iyo ndwara iracyaturimo!

Inkuru dukesha ikinyamakuru The Chronicles yahinduwe mu Kinyarwanda na Erasme Rugemintwaza