Ibihembo bya hato na hato bihabwa abayobozi b'u Rwanda bihatse iki?

Muri iyi minsi abayobozi b’u Rwanda barimo kubona ibikombe byo kubashimira gukora neza, natanga urugero rwa Ministre John Rwangombwa, ushinzwe Imari n’Igenamigambi mu Rwanda, yegukanye igihembo cy’umwaka wa 2012 ngo nka Minisitiri w’Imari wabashije kuzamura ubukungu muri Afurika yo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara, igihembo cyitwa “Emerging Markets Finance Minister of the Year Award” mu rurimi rw’icyongereza.

Undi wahawe igihembo mu minsi ishize ni Ministre Agnès Kalibata ushinzwe Ubuhinzi, yahawe igihembo bise Yara Prize 2012 kubera ngo uruhare yagize mu guteza imbere ubuhinzi no kugeza u Rwanda ku mutekano w’ibiribwa.

Mu rwego rwo gusobanukirwa icyo ibyo bikombe bya hato na hato bihatse mu gihe tuzi neza ko ubukungu bw’u Rwanda butifashe neza habe na gato. Ndetse n’ingaruka zageze no nzego zitandukanye z’ubukungu nk’amabanki tutibagiwe ko politiki y’ivugurura ry’ubuhinzi yateye ubukene n’imirire mibi mu baturage bahatiwe guhinga ku bwinshi ibihingwa badashobora kugurisha ndetse bimwe mu biribwa by’ibanze byari bitunze abaturage bikabura kubera kubabuza kubihinga, twiyambaje umwe mu basomyi bacu akaba n’impuguke ikurikiranira hafi ibibera muri Leta y’u Rwanda, Bwana Peter Urayeneza.

Bwana Peter Urayeneza tubanje kubasuhuza, kuri wowe ibi bikombe abayobozi b’u Rwanda babona umusubizo kandi bigaragara ko bilans zabo zitameze neza byaba bihishe iki?

Muraho neza Munyamakuru!!!!!! Mbanje kubashimira kuba mumpaye ijambo mumbaza ibibazo. Mu byukuri iki kibazo cyawe ni cyiza cyane ariko na none ushishoje neza harimo n’igisubizo cyacyo. Nyine iyo umuntu afite bilans y’ibikorwa bibi akabona ibikombe, aba ahemberwa ikibi ndetse akanahembwa n’ababimukoresha. Ariko na none ku rundi ruhande, ibi bikombe biri gutangwa mu gihe inzara iri guca ibintu mu gihugu, politiki ziriho zose bigaragara ko nta n’imwe ishingiye kuri demokarasi (nta ruhare umuturage agira mu kuzishyiraho) ndetse n’ibindi n’ibindi, nyine mu bareke bahemberwe ibyo binyoma byicaye ku gukora nabi. Gusa ibi bikombe mbibona nka”STRATEGIE YO KUGURA ISURA NZIZA”.

Duhereye kuri Ministre Rwangombwa, kiriya gihembo cya “Emerging Markets Finance Minister of the Year Award” cy’umwaka wa 2012 ngo nka Minisitiri w’Imari wabashije kuzamura ubukungu muri Afurika yo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara.

a.Ese ikinyamakuru The Emerging Markets Magazine ibivugwa ko cyahereyeho giha Ministre Rwangobwa kiriya gihembo bifite ishingiro?

Iyo usomye iriya nkuru yanditswe, mu by’ukuri biriya bipimo byashingiweho ntabwo bifite ishingiro na gato rwose. Ariko buriya kuri uriya nabonye witwa ngo ni chief economist, wabashije kuvuga biriya byagiye ahagaragara kandi bigahabwa umugisha nabo biha ikuzo ariko ridasangiwe, ntabwo nemeranya nawe na gato. Burya economist agerageza kuvuga ashingiye ku bintu biri factual. Iyo ibyo bibuze, nta mpamvu buri umwe wese atakwibaza k’ubivuga ninde? Ese ibyo akora arabizi? Gusa birababaje!!!! Sinzi niba mwibuka uyu mu Minisitiri Rwangombwa mu mezi ashize ashwana ngo Report ya UNDP ku byerekeranye na Indice de développement Human (IDH) byari byatangajwe bigaragaza neza ko U Rwanda rwasubiye inyuma mu myanya rwahabwaga n’abameze nk’aba ba SHANTA DEVARAJAN ndetse na MARK BOHLUND.

Gusa iyo ubashije kumva uyu mu minisitiri ibyo avuga iyo ahawe akanya ko kuvuga mu mbwirwaruhame, ubona ko décisions économiques yakagambye kuba afata kandi akazirengera yazisimbuje décisions politiques. Ariko yaba Rwangombwa ndetse n’abamushyigikiye, ni gute wavuga ngo ubukene bwagabatse kuri ruriya rwego, ushingiye ku mizamukire nayo ihimbwe y’agaciro k’umusaruro w’igihugu buri mwaka (GDP)? Ese byazashoboka ko Rwangombwa yazerekana uburyo uwo musaruro usaranganywa mu baturage niba yashobora kudushakira indice ya GINI y’u Rwanda kugirango koko turebe ko ubukungu duhora tubwirwa ko buzamuka ko bunasaranganywa uko bikwiye?
b.Ese imibare n’amakuru ajyanye n’ubukungu mu Rwanda aboneka gute? Atangwa na nde? Ese hari uburyo bwo kubona ayo makuru mu buryo budafite aho bubogamiye?

Ubundi amakuru yerekeranye n’ubukungu mu Rwanda atangwa n’inzego nyinshi cyane. Muri zo harimo MINAGRI itanga amakuru ku buhinzi n’ubworozi. Iyi minisiteri mu by’ukuri nta statistics ziri accurate itanga kuko byose bikorwa, ku buhinzi, biturutse mu kintu bita Crop assessment. Iki kintu gikorerwa hatangwa mission ku bakozi bose ba minisiteri nta base na ntoya gifite ubona koko ibereye ubushakashatsi. Hiyongeraho ibigo birimo za OCIR zombi (icyayi n’Ikawa), Rwanda Revenue Authority, Ikigo gishinzwe amabuye y’agaciro, ndetse na minisiteri y’inganda, ndetse n’ibindi n’ibindi!!!!

Izi statistics zose zishyikirizwa Banki nkuru y’igihugu (BNR), ministeri iyoborwa na Rwangombwa ariyo y’Imari n’igenamigambi ndetse n’ikigo gishinzwe ibya Statistcs (NISR). Ariko igisekeje ni uko izo statistics zigenda zitandukana cyane iyo urebye muri rapport z’umwaka zatanzwe n’ibi bigo uko ari bitatu (BNR, MINECOFIN na NISR). Iby’imbere mu gihugu nabyo bigatandukana cyane bikabije n’ibyatanzwe n’ikigega mpuzamahanga cy’imali (FMI), Banque mondiales, FAO, CIA factbook, ndetse n’ibindi…

Kugeza ubu mu Rwanda nta buryo navuga bugaragara bwo kwerekana amakuru afatika ku bukungu bw’igihugu. Gusa ntabwo nshidikanya ko adahari kandi aziritswe n’abayafitemo inyungu, gusa ni ikinamico rikomeye cyane kandi natwe iherezo rizatugeza aho u Bugereki bugeze. Kandi niba mu byibuka neza u Bugereki nabwo bwakomeje kujya bubeshya statistics cyane mbere y’uko bujya muri EU ariko bumaze kwinjiramo byarabukomeranye!!!!!

Ku bijyanye na Ministre w’ubuhinzi, Madame Agnès Kalibata ngo yahawe igihembo bise Yara Prize 2012 kubera ngo uruhare yagize mu guteza imbere ubuhinzi no kugeza u Rwanda ku mutekano w’ibiribwa.

a.Ese ubona impamvu iki gihembo cyatanzwe zifite ishingiro?

Ntabwo zifite ishingiro na gato. Ahubwo ikibazo kigoranye ni ukumenya niba uyu Mudame Nyakubahwa Minisitiri w’ubuhinzi azi icyo bita umutekano mu biribwa cyangwa food security (sécurité alimentaire). Dore ibi nibyo n’undi muminisitiri w’ubuzima (BINAGWAHO) mugenzi we aherutse kubeshya ngo abana barwaye bwaki kuko ababyeyi babo cyangwa abaturage muri rusange batazi gutegura igaburo rikwiye. Ese kuki abamuhaye igikombe batamubaza bati ko mu gihugu cyawe hari food security, kuki ibigo by’amashuri byo mu Rwanda abanyeshuri batunzwe n’imfashanyo ya PAM kandi hari ibiribwa bihagije mu gihugu? Uti se ahubwo ko yatangiye guhagarara hamwe na hamwe hakaba ibibazo byatongoye, ibigega byubatswe byaba bihunitse ibingana iki? Bizatunga abaturarwanda mu gihe kingana iki? Uti se ahubwo muri minisiteri uyobora hari special budget yaba iteganywa buri mwaka ku buryo yagoboka abanyarwanda mu gihe habayeho amapfa cyangwa umwuzure ugatsemba ibyo bari bahinze?

b.Ese imibare n’amakuru ku bijyanye n’ubuhinzi mu Rwanda biboneka bite? bitangwa nande? Hari uburyo bwo gushaka amakuru ku buryo budafite aho bubogamiye?

Ubundi amakuru ku buhinzi yakagombye kuba ava mu ishami rya Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi ryitwa CICA (Agricultural Information and Communication Centre) ndetse no ku biciro ku masoko bigatangwa na programme yitwa e-isoko. Ariko siko biri, kuko iyo igihugu cyatangiye kuvuga ngo gifite umutekano mu biribwa kandi atari byo ni inzego zose ziba zangiritse. Ubwo rero muri iriya minisiteri ntaho nibaza haboneka mu by’ukuri amakuru afatika kandi yizewe. Mu by’ukuri ibivugwa ko bihari ni bike cyane.

Ese hari izindi ngero waduha zijyanye n’imibare n’amakuru bitari byo bitangwa na Leta y’u Rwanda?

Iki ni ikibazo kirekire cyane ariko kandi kinoroshye cyane gisa naho cyasubijwe ku kibazo cya kabiri mugika cya B. k’ushaka ingero zifatika yakwifashisha site zikurikira: www.bnr.rw, www.minecofin.gov.rw, www.statistics.gov.rw, www.fao.org , www.worldbank.org, www.imf.org, www.cia.gov.

Ni izihe ngaruka muri rusange mu gihe cya vuba (court terme) cyangwa mu gihe kirekire (long terme) z’iyi mikorere ya Leta iyobowe na FPR yo gutanga imibare y’ibinyoma?

Ingaruka muri rusange zatangiye kugaragara kuko abaturage barashonje kandi bitwa ko bafite umutekano mu biribwa. Ubukungu bwateye imbere ndetse n’ibindi n’ibindi bidafite ishingiro.ibyo rero bizagira ingaruka nini mu gihe kizaza, nko guhagarikirwa bimwe mu byo rwabonaga kuko bigeze ahantu hitwa ko hashimishije kandi Atari byo. Muri byo twavuga ko nk’ubu haramutse habaye nka programme yo kugabanyiriza imyenda ibihugu bikennye cyane, ntabwo nibaza ko U Rwanda byashoboka ko rwabona iyo faveur kuko byose ari sawa mu gihugu, etc… Mbaye mbashimiye. Murakoze!!

Marc Matabaro