Byanditswe na Arnold Gakuba
Intangiriro
Impunzi z’Abanyarwanda zimaze umwaka wose kuva muri Werurwe 2020 zihanganye n’ingaruka za Covid-19 n’amatora. Mu gihe cya Kovidi n’amatora, ubuzima bw’impunzi z’Abanyarwanda muri Uganda bwari bumeze nabi. Iyi nkuru iragaragaza ubuzima bw’impunzi z’Abanyarwanda muri Uganda muri ibi bihe isi yugarijwe n’icyorezo cya Kovidi-19 ndetse n’ingaruka z’amatora muri gihugu.
Imibare itangazwa n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Rishinzwe Impunzi (UNHCR) yerekana ko kugeza ku ya 31 Mutarama 2021, impunzi z’Abanyarwanda zahawe ibyangombwa muri Uganda zingana na 17,956 (uyu mubare ukaba uri kure y’impunzi z’Abanyarwanda ziba muri Uganda mu buryo bwemewe cyangwa butemewe). Impunzi z’Abanyarwanda muri Uganda ziba cyane cyane mu nkambi za Oruchinga, Nakivale na Kyaka II n’Umujyi wa Kampala. Twibutse ko umubare munini w’impunzi z’Abanyarwanda wibera mu mijyi cyane cyane Kampala aho bashoboraga gukora ubucuruzi buciriritse kugirango babone amaramuko.
Impunzi zo mu mijyi
Mu mijyi, impunzi z’Abanyarwanda zazahajwe n’inzara kubera ko nta mfashanyo n’imwe zihabwa na UNHCR. Amakuru yakusanyijwe ku mpunzi z’Abanyarwanda ziba mu Mujyi wa Kampala yagaragaje ko kuva muri Gicurasi 2020 UNHCR n’indi miryango nka NRC bakoze igerageza ryo gufasha impunzi zo mu mijyi babaha amafaranga yo kubafasha muri iki gihe cya covid-19. Nyamara, iyi mfashanyo yageze ku mubare muto cyane w’impunzi kugeza ubu. Bamwe baracyari ku rutonde rutegereje abandi babwirwa ko bohererejwe iyo mfashanyo mu gihe bo ntayo babonye. Twibutse ko iyi nkunga yatanzwe binyuze mu kohereza amafaranga kuri Telefoni zigendanwa. Kubw’ibyo, bamwe babwirwa ko ubufasha (amafaranga) babageneye bwoherejwe mu gihe bo batigeze bagira icyo babona ku matelefoni yabo.
Impunzi nyinshi zo muri Kampala zari zibeshejweho no gukora ubucuruzi buciriritse mbere ya Covid-19 n’amatora. Umubare munini w’impunzi z’Abanyarwanda – abakobwa bato, abagore, abagabo n’abasore – bakora umurimo wo gutembereza imyenda, inkweto, ibikoresho byo mu rugo, n’ibindi mu Mujyi wa Kampala no mu nkengero zawo kugira ngo babeho. Ibwo bucuruzi rero bwakomwe mu nkokora na Kovidi-19 n’amatora kuko ingendo muri Kampala no mu nkengero zagoranye. Bityo rero impunzi zo mu mijyi zitabaje igishoro zari zifite kugirango zishbore kurushya iminsi, ubu ibintu bikaba bigeze iwa ndabaga.
Impunzi zo mu nkambi
Ikibazo cy’inzara mu mpunzi ziri mu nkambi z’impunzi muri Uganda cyikubye inshuro eshatu muri iki gihe cy’umwaka umwe wa Covid-19 n’amatora. Tuributsa abasomyi bacu ko impunzi ziri mu nkambi zari zifite aho zikura imibereho hakurikira: ubuhinzi, ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubufasha bwa UNHCR. Mu gihe cya Covid-19, ubufasha butangwa na UNHCR bwavuye kuri 31.000 Ugx bugera kuri 19.000 Ugx ku muntu ku kwezi kugira ngo umuntu abone ibyo akeneye byose, birimo ibiryo, imyambaro, imiti, imyidagaduro, n’ibindi.
Mbere ya Covid-19, imirima yari yarahawe impunzi zmu nkambi zo muri Uganda yahawe impunzi nshya zaturutse muri Congo, cyane cyane mu nkambi y’impunzi ya Kyaka II, byagize rero ingaruka ku buhinzi bwabo, bigabanya umusaruro w’ibiribwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, imiryango myinshi ikaba ifite ikibazo cy’inzara. Mu gihe cya covid-19, ibikorwa hafi ya byose byinjiza amafaranga nk’ubuhinzi n’ubucuruzi nabyo byarahagaze mu nkambi z’impunzi kubera kutava ahi bari. Impunzi zimwe zishwe n’inzara, cyane cyane abatishoboye nk’imfubyi, abasaza ndetse n’ababana n’indwara zidakira nka SIDA, diyabete, igituntu, n’ibindi.
Twegereye impunzi z’Abanyarwanda ziba mu nkambi z’impunzi za Kyaka II, Nakivale, Kyangwali na Kiryandongo kugira ngo tumenye neza ingaruka za Covid-19 n’amatora ku buzima bwabo. Abaganirijwe batugaragarije ko ubuzima bw’impunzi bwabo bugoye cyane muri iyi minsi: nta biryo, nta miti, abana ntibiga, nta kazi, n’ibindi. Umwe mu babajijwe mu nkambi y’impunzi ya Nakivale yagaragaje ko umubare munini w’abakobwa bakiri bato (bafite hagati y’imyaka 12-18) bari cyane cyane mu mashuri abanza no mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’amashuri yisumbuye bahisemo gushaka muri iki gihe cya Covidi-19 ngo barebe ko baramuka kabiri kuko ababyeyi babo batagishoboye kubaha ibyo bakeneye by’ibanze. Undi mubare munini w’abakobwa bato bagiye kwigurisha (ibyo ubusanzwe bita gukora uburaya) kugirango babone amaramuko. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ejo hazaza h’urubyiruko rw’impunzi z’Abanyarwanda muri Uganda hateye impungenge.
Birasabwa rero ko
- Umuryango Mpuzamahanga, binyuze muri UNHCR hamwe n’indi miryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, ko yafasha impunzi zose zo mu mijyi no mu nkambi kubona ibikenerwa by’ibanze kugira ngo zigire ubuzima bwiza kandi burambye;
- Imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta (Mpuzamahanga ndetse n’iyo mu gihugu) ikorana n’impunzi igerageze gutanga serivisi z’ibanze zikenewe kugira ngo zibeho;
- Ubufasha buhabwa impunzi ziri mu kambi (ibiryo cyangwa amafaranga) byaba byiza byongewe kugira ngo babafashe guhangana n’ubukungu bwifashe nabi muri iki gihe;
- Kubera ko impunzi zo mu mijyi zakoresheje igishoro cyazo mu gihe kibi cya Covid-19 n’amatora, UNHCR n’indi miryango ishinzwe impunzi byaba byiza bashakiye igishoro impunzi zikora ubucuruzi buciriritse mu mijyi ya Uganda kugirango zibashe kwibeshaho.
Umwanzuro
Iyi nkuru irasobanura uko imibereho n’ubukungu byifashe muri iki gihe mu mpunzi z’Abanyarwanda ziba muri Uganda haba mu mijyi cyangwa mu nkambi z’impunzi. Ibibazo bikomeye by’imibereho n’ubukungu byugarije impunzi z’Abanyarwanda muri Uganda muri iyi minsi byarushijeho kuba bibi kubera Covid-19 n’amatora. Hagati aho ariko, twabamenyesha ko Uganda ari igihugu gifite politiki nziza n’ubushake bwo gufasha impunzi zivuye hirya no hino ku isi, akaba iriyo mpamvu icyi gihugu kiri ku mwanya wa mbere mu kwakira impunzi nyinshi muri Afrika.
